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Using the 14C Bomb Pulse to Date Young Speleothems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 July 2016

Ed Hodge ,
Janece McDonald ,
Matthew Fischer ,
Dale Redwood ,
Quan Hua ,
Vladimir Levchenko ,
Russell Drysdale ,
Chris Waring  and
David Fink
Ed Hodge
Affiliation:
Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
Janece McDonald*
Affiliation:
Environmental and Climate Change Research Group, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
Matthew Fischer
Affiliation:
Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
Dale Redwood
Affiliation:
Environmental and Climate Change Research Group, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
Quan Hua
Affiliation:
Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
Vladimir Levchenko
Affiliation:
Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
Russell Drysdale
Affiliation:
Department of Resource Management and Geography, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Chris Waring
Affiliation:
Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
David Fink
Affiliation:
Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
*
Corresponding author: Email: janece.mcdonald@newcastle.edu.au.
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Abstract

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Three modern speleothems were sampled at high resolution for radiocarbon analysis to identify their bomb-pulse signatures and to construct chronologies. Each speleothem exhibited a different 14C response, presumed to be related to site characteristics such as vegetation, temperature, rainfall, depth below the surface, and water pathway through the aquifer. Peak 14C activity for WM4 is 134.1 pMC, the highest cited thus far in the literature and suggestive of a lower inertia at this site. Dead carbon fractions for each stalagmite were calculated and found to be relatively similar for the 3 speleothems and lower than those derived from Northern Hemisphere speleothems. An inverse modeling technique based on the work of Genty and Massault (1999) was used to estimate soil carbon residence times. For each speleothem, mean soil 14C reservoir ages differed greatly between the 3 sites, ranging from 2–6.5 to 32–46 yr.

Type
Soils and Sediments
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 53 , Issue 2 , 2011 , pp. 345 - 357
Copyright
Copyright © The American Journal of Science 

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