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Water relations of lettuce seed thermoinhibition. II. Ethylene and endosperm effects on base water potential

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2008

Sunil Dutta  and
Kent J. Bradford
Sunil Dutta
Affiliation:
Department of Vegetable Crops, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8631, USA
Kent J. Bradford*
Affiliation:
Department of Vegetable Crops, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8631, USA
*
* Correspondence
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Abstract

A water relations (hydrotime) model was employed to characterize the responses of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seed germination to temperature, water potential (ψ), endosperm disruption, and the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC). The base water potentials (ψb), standard deviations of base water potential and hydrotime constants (θH) estimated by the model were used to predict the germination rates at reduced ψ and supraoptimal temperatures in the presence or absence of ACC. The distribution of ψb values among seeds in the population (ψb(g)) increased (became more positive) as the imbibition temperature increased, indicating a greater sensitivity of seeds to reduced ψ at thermoinhibitory temperatures. Slitting the seeds at the cotyledonary end to disrupt the integrity of the endosperm extended the high temperature range for germination and maintained lower ψb(g) distributions compared with intact seeds as temperature increased. ACC (10 mm) in the imbibition solution raised the upper temperature limit for germination by about 2°C, and also lowered ψb(g) values by 0.1 to 0.2 MPa. The effect of ACC on ψb(g) was more pronounced at higher imbibition temperatures and in slit seeds. ACC (via conversion to ethylene) extends the high temperature limit for lettuce seed germination by acting in the embryo to maintain a lower ψ threshold for the initiation of growth as temperature increases. Evidence from other species as well suggests that this may be a general mechanism for the action of ethylene in promoting seed germination.

Keywords

germinationhydrotimelettuceLactuca sativa L.seed dormancythermoinhibitionwater relations
Type
Research papers
Information
Seed Science Research , Volume 4 , Issue 1 , March 1994 , pp. 11 - 18
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1994

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