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General Relativistic Collapse of an Axially Symmetric Star Leading to the Formation of Neutron Stars and Black Holes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 August 2015

Takashi Nakamura
Affiliation:
Research Institute for Fundamental Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto
Kei-Ichi Maeda
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto
Shoken Miyama
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto
Misao Sasaki
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto

Extract

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Using the [(2+1)+1]-dimensional representation of the Einstein equations, we have computed the general relativistic collapse of a rotating star. We adopt the cylindrical coordinate. The system is assumed to be axially and plane symmetric. The number of meshes is 28×28 in R and Z direction. The equation of state is P=1/3ρε for ρ< ρ*≡3×1014 g/cm3 and P=(ρ-ρ*)ε+1/3ρ*ε for We use the following initial conditions; ρ∝exp(-(R2+Z2)/λ), Ω∝exp(-R2/λ) where Ω and λ are angular velocity and a size parameter, respectively. We have calculated three models;

  1. (1) Model 1 M=10M, ρc=3×1013g/cm3, α=0.20, β=0.05.

  2. (2) Model 2 M=10M, ρc=3×1013g/cm3, α=0.20, β=0.12.

  3. (3) Model 3 M=10M, ρc=3×1013g/cm3, α=0.20, β=0.22.

where α=Eint/|Egrav| and β=Erot/|Egrav|. In all models, an apparent horizon was formed, that is, a black hole was formed. In Model 1, the final density distribution is oblate shape. In Model 2, there is a ringlike peak of the proper mass density distribution at the final stage. In Model 3, the determinant of the metric tensor goes to nearly zero at the ring in the equatorial plane, so that the proper mass density shows strong ringlike peak which is inside the apparent horizon. As the curvature invariant made from the Riemann tensor becomes very large at this ring, this may be a ring singularity of the space-time. These rotating black holes look like the Kerr black hole.

Type
Session 7: Supernova Explosions Leading to the Formation of Neutron Stars and Black Holes
Copyright
Copyright © Reidel 1981