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The British Journal of Psychiatry The British Journal of Psychiatry

Article contents

Adolescent clinical outcomes for young people with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

Kate Langley ,
Tom Fowler ,
Tamsin Ford ,
Ajay K. Thapar ,
Marianne van den Bree ,
Gordon Harold ,
Michael J. Owen ,
Michael C. O'Donovan  and
Anita Thapar
Kate Langley*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychological Medicine and Neurology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, UK
Tom Fowler
Affiliation:
Department of Psychological Medicine and Neurology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, UK
Tamsin Ford
Affiliation:
Child Health Group, Peninsula Medical School, University of Exeter, UK
Ajay K. Thapar
Affiliation:
Department of Psychological Medicine and Neurology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, UK
Marianne van den Bree
Affiliation:
Department of Psychological Medicine and Neurology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, UK
Gordon Harold
Affiliation:
University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
Michael J. Owen
Affiliation:
Department of Psychological Medicine and Neurology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, UK
Michael C. O'Donovan
Affiliation:
Department of Psychological Medicine and Neurology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, UK
Anita Thapar
Affiliation:
Department of Psychological Medicine and Neurology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, UK
*
Kate Langley, Department of Psychological Medicine and Neurology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK. Email: langleyk@cardiff.ac.uk
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Abstract

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Background

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is recognised as a common, disabling condition. Little information is available regarding the long-term outcomes for individuals with ADHD in the UK.

Aims

To examine the 5-year outcome for a UK cohort of children with diagnosed, treated ADHD and identify whether maternal and social factors predict key outcomes.

Method

One hundred and twenty-six school-aged children (mean age 9.4 years, s.d. = 1.7) diagnosed with ADHD were reassessed 5 years later during adolescence (mean age 14.5 years, s.d. = 1.7) for ADHD, conduct disorder and other antisocial behaviours.

Results

Most adolescents (69.8%) continued to meet full criteria for ADHD, were known to specialist services and exhibited high levels of antisocial behaviour, criminal activity and substance use problems. Maternal childhood conduct disorder predicted offspring ADHD continuity; maternal childhood conduct disorder, lower child IQ and social class predicted offspring conduct disorder symptoms.

Conclusions

The treatment and monitoring of ADHD need to be intensified as outcomes are poor especially in offspring of mothers with childhood conduct disorder symptoms.

Type
Papers
Information
The British Journal of Psychiatry , Volume 196 , Issue 3 , March 2010 , pp. 235 - 240
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 2010 

Footnotes

Declaration of interest

None.

References

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