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Content and Consistency in the Endogenous Depressive Pattern

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 January 2018

Saul H. Rosenthal  and
Gerald L. Klerman
Saul H. Rosenthal
Affiliation:
Massachusetts Mental Health Centre, and Harvard Medical School
Gerald L. Klerman
Affiliation:
Massachusetts Mental Health Centre, and Harvard Medical School. Currently School of Medicine, Yale University
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Extract

As currently used, the diagnosis of depression includes a wide range of clinical phenomena. This has not always been the case. Near the end of the 19th century, when the term depression began to evolve the meanings that it has today it was applied primarily to psychotics. The formulations of Freud in Mourning and Melancholia (1917), and of Kraepelin in Manic Depressive Insanity (1921) were based upon observations of patients who were both depressed and psychotic. In their work the contrast was between psychotic depression (or “melancholia”) on one hand, and normal sadness on the other. In the succeeding half-century, however, as psychiatry has extended its boundaries, increasing attention has been focused on non-psychotic depressions, often called “neurotic” or “reactive.” As these “neurotic” or “reactive” depressions reached public attention, a debate began over the way in which the depressive population should be described and the extent to which it should be subdivided. Critical and often sarcastic written battles were fought between the separatists and the unifiers during the 1920's and 1930's. These debates have been informatively chronicled by Partridge (1949). We have found it useful to divide these theorists into unifiers, dualists, and pluralists.

Type
Research Article
Information
The British Journal of Psychiatry , Volume 112 , Issue 486 , May 1966 , pp. 471 - 484
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1966 

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