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The British Journal of Psychiatry The British Journal of Psychiatry

Article contents

Structural brain changes associated with tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

Salvador Sarró ,
Edith Pomarol-Clotet ,
Erick J. Canales-Rodríguez ,
Raymond Salvador ,
Jesús J. Gomar ,
Jordi Ortiz-Gil ,
Ramón Landín-Romero ,
Fidel Vila-Rodríguez ,
Josep Blanch  and
Peter J. McKenna
Salvador Sarró
Affiliation:
FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries, Barcelona, CIBERSAM and Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology programme, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Edith Pomarol-Clotet
Affiliation:
FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries, Barcelona and CIBERSAM, Spain
Erick J. Canales-Rodríguez
Affiliation:
FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries, Barcelona and CIBERSAM, Spain
Raymond Salvador
Affiliation:
FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries, Barcelona and CIBERSAM, Spain
Jesús J. Gomar
Affiliation:
Germanes Hospitalàries, Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Spain, and The Litwin-Zucker Research Center, the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
Jordi Ortiz-Gil
Affiliation:
Germanes Hospitalàries, Barcelona, CIBERSAM and Hospital General de Granollers, Barcelona, Spain
Ramón Landín-Romero
Affiliation:
Germanes Hospitalaries, Barcelona and CIBERSAM, Spain
Fidel Vila-Rodríguez
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, and Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
Josep Blanch
Affiliation:
Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
Peter J. McKenna*
Affiliation:
Germanes Hospitalàries, Barcelona and CIBERSAM, Spain
*
Peter McKenna, FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalaries, C./Dr Antoni Pujadas 38, 08830 – Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. Email: pmckenna@fidmag.com
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Abstract

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Background

The pathological basis of tardive dyskinesia is unknown. Although its clinical features implicate the basal ganglia, imaging studies have not found clear evidence that it is associated with volume changes in these or other brain structures.

Aims

To determine, using voxel-based structural imaging, whether there are regions of grey matter volume change in people with schizophrenia who also have tardive dyskinesia compared with those without tardive dyskinesia.

Method

A total of 81 people with chronic schizophrenia, 32 with tardive dyskinesia and 49 without, were examined using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and whole-brain, optimised voxel-based morphometry. A comparison group of 61 healthy controls was also examined.

Results

Compared with those without tardive dyskinesia, patients with tardive dyskinesia showed a pattern of volume reductions in predominantly subcortical regions, including the basal ganglia and the thalamus. Within the basal ganglia, volume reductions were seen in the caudate nucleus, to a lesser extent in the putamen, and only marginally in the globus pallidus. The patients with tardive dyskinesia, but not those without, showed significant volume reductions in the basal ganglia compared with the healthy controls but both groups had smaller volumes than controls in other affected areas.

Conclusions

The pathological process or processes that underlie the development of tardive dyskinesia are not just neurochemical in nature, but affect brain structure.

Type
Papers
Information
The British Journal of Psychiatry , Volume 203 , Issue 1 , July 2013 , pp. 51 - 57
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 2013 

Footnotes

†

See editorial, pp. 6–7, this issue.

Declaration of interest

None.

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