Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-qxdb6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-29T23:45:23.260Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

GABA-Immunoreactive Synaptic Plexus in the Nerve Fiber Layer of Primate Retina

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 June 2009

Margaret A. Koontz ,
Anita E. Hendrickson  and
Marianne K. Ryan
Margaret A. Koontz
Affiliation:
Departments of Ophthalmology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
Anita E. Hendrickson
Affiliation:
Departments of Ophthalmology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle Biological Structure, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
Marianne K. Ryan
Affiliation:
Departments of Ophthalmology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Synaptic contacts onto fibers and somata in the nerve fiber layer (NFL) and ganglion cell layer (GCL) of macaque and human retina were demonstrated at the electron microscopical (EM) level. Many presynaptic processes in monkey NFL are gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) immunoreactive, using anti-GABA antiserum with an EM immunogold procedure. Immunocytochemistry at the light microscopic level revealed that many GABA-reactive cells in the GCL send branching processes into the NFL, forming a sparse synaptic plexus. The presence of long, unbranched GABA-reactive fibers running horizontally in the NFL and entering the optic nerve suggests that some ganglion cells may be GABAergic. GABA-reactive cells contributing to the plexus appear to be a new class of displaced amacrines that arborize in the NFL.

Keywords

Ganglion cellDisplaced amacrine cellDense-core vesiclesPeptides
Type
Research Articles
Information
Visual Neuroscience , Volume 2 , Issue 1 , January 1989 , pp. 19 - 25
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1989

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Brecha, N., Hendrickson, A., Florén, I. & Karten, H.J. (1982). Localization of substance P-like immunoreactivity within the monkey retina. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science 23, 147–153.Google ScholarPubMed
Brecha, N., Johnson, D., Peichl, L. & Wässle, H. (1987). Cholinergic amacrine cells of the rabbit retina express GABA- and GAD-like immunoreactivity. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 13, 1052.Google Scholar
Cajal, S.R. (1893). La retine des vertébrés. La Cellule 9 (English translation), In The Vertebrate Retina, ed. Rodieck, R.W. (1973), pp. 773–904. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman.Google Scholar
Caruso, D.M., Owczarzak, M.T., Hazlett, J.C. & Pourcho, R.G. (1988). GABA-immunoreactive ganglion cells in rat retina project to the superior colliculus. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science (Suppl.) 29, 197.Google Scholar
Colonnier, M. (1968). Synaptic patterns on different cell types in the different laminae of the cat visual cortex. An electron microscopic study. Brain Research 9, 268–287.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dacey, D.M. (1985). Wide-spreading terminal axons in the inner plexiform layer of the cat's retina: evidence for intrinsic axon collaterals of ganglion cells. Journal of Comparative Neurology 242, 247–262.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dawson, W.W. & Lieberman, H. (1979). Evidence of two retinal control loops. In Current Concepts in Ophthalmology, Vol. 6, ed. Kaufman, H.E., & Zimmerman, T., pp. 111–121. St. Louis: C.V. Mosby.Google Scholar
Dowling, J.E. (1987). The Retina. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Dowling, J.E. & Boycott, B.B. (1966). Organization of the primate retina: electron microscopy. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London (Biology), 166, 80–111.Google ScholarPubMed
Frederick, J.M., Rayborn, M.E., Laties, A.M., Lam, D.M.K. & Hollyfield, J.G. (1982). Dopaminergic neurons in the human retina. Journal of Comparative Neurology 210, 65–79.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gallego, A. & Cruz, J. (1965). Mammalian retina: associational nerve cells in ganglion cell layer. Science 150, 1313–1314.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hendrickson, A., Ryan, M., Noble, B. & Wu, J.-Y. (1985). Localization of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)-containing neurons in Macaca monkey and human retina. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science (Suppl.) 26, 95.Google Scholar
Holmgren, I. (1982). Synaptic organization of the dopaminergic neurons in the retina of the cynomolgus monkey. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science 22, 8–24.Google ScholarPubMed
Honrubia, F.M. & Elliott, J.H. (1968). Efferent innervation of the retina. I. Morphologic study of the human retina. Archives of Ophthalmology 80, 98–103.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Honrubia, F.M. & Elliott, J.H. (1970). Efferent innervation of the retina. II. Morphologic study of the monkey retina. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science 9, 971–976.Google ScholarPubMed
Hughes, A. (1985). New perspectives in retinal organization. Progress in Retinal Research 4, 243–313.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marenghi, D.G. (1901). Contributo alla fina organizzazione della retina. Dal Bollettino della Societa Medico-Chirurgica di Pavia 1–33.Google Scholar
Mariani, A.P. & Caserta, M.T. (1986). Electron microscopy of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) immunoreactivity in the inner plexiform layer of the rhesus monkey retina. Journal of Neurocytology 15, 645–655.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marshak, D. (1986). Synapses of peptide immunoreactive neurons in macaque retina. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science (Suppl.) 28, 331.Google Scholar
Mosinger, J.L., Yazulla, S. & Studholme, K.M. (1986). GABA-like immunoreactivity in the vertebrate retina: a species comparison. Experimental Eye Research 42, 631–644.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Noback, C.R. & Mettler, F. (1973). Centrifugal fibers to the retina in the Rhesus monkey. Brain, Behavior, and Evolution 7, 382–399.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perry, V.H., Oehler, R. & Cowey, A. (1984). Retinal ganglion cells that project to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus in the macaque monkey. Neuroscience 12, 1101–1123.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Polyak, S.L. (1941). The Retina. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Repérant, J., Vesselkin, N.P., Rio, J.P., Ermakova, D., Miceli, D., Peyrichoux, J. & Weidner, C. (1981). La voie visuelle centrifuge n'existe-t-elle que chez les oiseaux? Review of Canadian Biology 40, 29–46.Google Scholar
Rodieck, R.W. (1986). Starburst amacrine cells of the primate retina. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science (Suppl.) 27, 331.Google Scholar
Ryan, M.K. & Hendrickson, A.E. (1987). Interplexiform cells in macaque monkey retina. Experimental Eye Research 45, 57–66.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sagar, S.M. & Marshall, P.E. (1986). Somatostatin-like immunoreactivity in the human retina. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 12, 642.Google Scholar
Somogyi, P. & Hodgson, A.J. (1985). Antisera to gamma aminobutyric acid. III. Demonstration of GABA in Golgi-impregnated neurons and in conventional electron microscope sections of cat striate cortex. Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry 33, 249–257.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Steward, O. & Ribak, C.E. (1986). Polyribosomes associated with synaptic specializations on axon initial segments: localization of protein-synthetic machinery at inhibitory synapses. Journal of Neuroscience 6, 3079–3085.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tornqvist, K., Uddman, R., Sundler, F. & Ehinger, B. (1982). Somatostatin and VIP neurons in the retina of different species. Histochemistry 76, 137–152.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vaney, D.I. & Young, H.M. (1988). GABA-like immunoreactivity in cholinergic amacrine cells of the rabbit retina. Brain Research 438, 369–373.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Watt, C.B., Yu, B.C.-Y., Lam, D.M.K. & Fry, K.R. (1987). GABAergic ganglion cells in the rabbit retina. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science (Suppl.) 28, 1057.Google Scholar
Wolter, J.R. (1957). Ueber Endigungen zentrifugaler Nervenfasern an den Blutgefässen der menschlichen Netzhaut. Albrecht von Graefes Archives of Ophthalmology 158, 524–531.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolter, J.R. (1965). The centrifugal nerves in the human optic tract, chiasm, optic nerve, and retina. Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society 63, 678–707.Google Scholar
Yu, B.C.-Y., Watt, C.B., Lam, D.M.K. & Fry, K.R. (1987). GABAergic ganglion cells in the rabbit retina. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science (Suppl.) 28, 349.Google Scholar