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Frugivorous weevils are too rare to cause Janzen–Connell effects in New Guinea lowland rain forest

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 August 2014

Richard Ctvrtecka ,
Katerina Sam ,
Erik Brus ,
George D. Weiblen  and
Vojtech Novotny
Richard Ctvrtecka*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 31, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
Katerina Sam
Affiliation:
Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 31, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branisovska 31, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
Erik Brus
Affiliation:
The New Guinea Binatang Research Center, P. O. Box 604, Madang, Papua New Guinea
George D. Weiblen
Affiliation:
Bell Museum and Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, 250 Biological Sciences Center, 1445 Gortner Avenue, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
Vojtech Novotny
Affiliation:
Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 31, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branisovska 31, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
*
1Corresponding author. Email: richard.ctvrtecka@seznam.cz
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Abstract:

A community of frugivorous weevils was studied by quantitative rearing of 57 weevil species represented by 10485 individuals from 326 woody plant species in lowland rain forest in Papua New Guinea. Only fruits from 35% of plant species were attacked by weevils. On average, weevils were reared from only 1 in 33 fruits and 1 kg of fruit was attacked by 2.51 individuals. Weevil host specificity was relatively high: 42% of weevil species fed on a single plant genus, 19% on a single plant family and only 16% were reared from more than one family. However, monophagous specialists represented only 23% of all reared individuals. The average 1 kg of fruits was infested by 1.84 individuals of generalist weevils (feeding on allogeneric or allofamilial host species), 0.52 individual of specialists (feeding on a single or several congeneric species), and 0.15 individual of unknown host specificity. Large-seeded fruits with thin mesocarp tended to host specialist species whereas those with thick, fleshy mesocarp were often infested with both specialists and generalists. Weevils tended to avoid small-seeded, fleshy fruits. The low incidence of seed damage (3% of seeds) suggests that weevils are unlikely to play a major role in regulating plant populations via density-dependent mortality processes outlined by the Janzen–Connell hypothesis.

Keywords

Curculionoideafruit morphologyJanzen–Connell hypothesisseed-eating herbivorestropical rain forest

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Tropical Ecology , Volume 30 , Issue 6 , November 2014 , pp. 521 - 535
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

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References

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