¹ American Journal of Philology 72 (1951) 369–394. Professor Highet (p. 392) points out the following borrowings: Prop. 2.32.2 - Juv. 13. 210; Prop. 2.9.41 and 4.11.37 - Juv. 8.146–150; Prop. 3.25.1 - Juv. 15.42; Prop 4.7.1 - Juv. 2. 149.Google Scholar

² The passages to be discussed are drawn chiefly from Friedlaender, Ludwig, D. Junii Juvenalis Saturarum Libri V, hereafter ‘Friedlaender’ (2 vols., Leipzig 1895; reprinted Amsterdam 1962); Butler, H. E. and Barber, E. A., The Elegies of Propertius, hereafter Butler and Barber (Oxford 1933); Enk, P. J., Sex. Propertii Elegiarum Liber I (Monobiblos), Pars Prior (Leyden 1946) 69–70; Shackleton Bailey, D. R., ‘Echoes of Propertius,’ Mnemosyne ⁴ 5 (1952) 320; Id., Propertiana (Cambridge 1956).Google Scholar

³ All quotations from Juvenal point to W. V. Clausen's edition (Oxford 1959), unless otherwise indicated; all quotations from Propertius refer to E. A. Barber's edition (Oxford 1960²).Google Scholar

⁴ On rubeta see Butler and Barber on Prop. 3.6.27.Google Scholar

⁵ Et contum is the reading adopted in Owen's, S. G. edition (Oxford 1908 ²); Clausen, (above, note 3) reads Cocytum et. Google Scholar

⁶ A quadrans (‘farthing’), one fourth of an as, was the price of admission to the public baths; cf. Horace Serm. 1.3.137; Juv. 6.447.Google Scholar

⁷ The locus classicus for this thought is Iliad 23.103–107, where Achilles mentions the nocturnal visit of the slain Patroclus' ghost. For a discussion and translation of Prop. 4.7, see Highet's, G. Poets in a Landscape (New York 1957) 94–98.Google Scholar

⁸ On Propertius' attitude toward death and the afterlife see Michels, A. K., ‘Death and Two Poets,’ Transactions of the American Philological Association 86 (1955) 171–179.Google Scholar

⁹ For other examples of epic parody in Juvenal see Scott, I. G., The Grand Style in the Satires of Juvenal (Northampton, Mass. 1927) 46–90.Google Scholar

¹⁰ I 170.Google Scholar

¹¹ For a translation and a careful analysis of Propertius 2.23 see Allen, A. W. in Critical Essays on Roman Literature: Elegy and Lyric , edited by Sullivan, J. P. (London 1962) 121–124.Google Scholar

¹² On the Sixth Satire see Anderson, W. S. ‘Juvenal 6: A Problem in Structure’ Classical Philology 51 (1956) 73–94; Mason, H. A. in Critical Essays on Roman Literature: Satire , edited by Sullivan, J. P. (London 1963) 136–155.Google Scholar

¹³ The locus classicus for the Golden Age is Hesiod, Works and Days 109–120. Cf. Tibullus 1.3.35–48; Vergil, , Georgics 2.536–540; Aen. 8.319–325; Ovid, , Am. 3.8.35–44; Met. 1.89–112.Google Scholar

¹⁴ I accept here the interpretation of Butler and Barber ad loc. p. 253.Google Scholar

¹⁵ Butler and Barber point out (ad loc.) that iam is needed here to avoid hiatus.Google Scholar

¹⁶ Friedlaender (I 135) gives a list of the relative clauses which Juvenal often uses as periphrases for common nouns, personal names, or place names.Google Scholar

¹⁷ Juvenal himself uses misellus in 13.213 and ocellus in 6.109, 578. Friedlaender (I. 131–132, 210) gives a list of diminutives used by Juvenal.Google Scholar

¹⁸ Juvenal the Satirist (Oxford 1954) 268.Google Scholar

¹⁹ For an interesting comparison of the Paetus elegy and Milton's Lycidas see Sellar, W. Y., Horace and the Elegiac Poets (Oxford 1891: reprinted 1937) 314–315.Google Scholar

²⁰ Cf. Cicero's remark to Clodia about her brother Clodius, Pro Caelio 36: ‘qui propter nescio quam, credo, timiditatem et nocturnos quosdam inanis metus tecum semper pusio cum maiore sorore cubitabat.’ Google Scholar

²¹ In Am. 1.8, an imitation of Prop. 4.5, the lena Dipsas is overheard dispensing advice to Ovid's mistress.Google Scholar

²² Serafini, A., Studio sulla satira di Giovenale (Florence 1957) 182–185, has a good analysis of the Messalina vignette.Google Scholar

²³ ‘Turn Sabinae mulieres, quarum ex iniuria bellum ortum erat, crinibus passis scissaque veste victo malis muliebri pavore ausae se inter tela volantia inferre, ex transverso impetu facto dirimere infestas acies, dirimere iras … 'Cf. Ovid's account in Ars am. 1.101–130.Google Scholar

²⁴ A Numidian chieftain, surprised and defeated in his camp by Scipio Africanus the Elder: Livy 30.12.Google Scholar

²⁵ Imitated by Ovid Am. 1.2.1–2: Google Scholar

Esse quid hoc dicam, quod tam mihi dura videntur Google Scholar

strata, neque in lecto pallia nostra sedent? Google Scholar

²⁶ Butler and Barber (p. 196) believe that cum of Prop. 2.3.21 is probably a repetition of the conjunction cum in line 19, and take Corinnae as a dative of association after committit. They add, however, that cum may be a preposition, cum Corinnae = cum scriptis; Corinnae. Google Scholar

²⁷ Juvenal (11.180–181) again couples the two poets.Google Scholar

²⁸ Cf. Lucan, 1.652: ‘stella nocens … Saturni.’ Google Scholar

²⁹ Cf. Lucan, 1.661–662: ‘Venerisque salubre sidus.’ Google Scholar

³⁰ Other passages in Juvenal on the influence of the planets are 7.194–196, 200; 9.33–34: 16.3–4.Google Scholar

³¹ I accept here Camps, W. A.' interpretation of pretium fecere (Propertius, Elegies Book IV [Cambridge 1965] 65).Google Scholar

³² Scott, I. G. (above, note 9), p. 96, believes that Juvenal's sidus triste may be an imitation of Vergil, , Aen. 11.259–260 triste Minervae / sidus.' Google Scholar

³³ On Plautius Lateranus see Tacitus, , Ann. 11.36, 13.11, 15.49, 15.53, 15.60.Google Scholar

³⁴ For a discussion and translation of this, ‘the queen of elegies,’ see Highet, (above, note 7) 98–104.Google Scholar

³⁵ She is descended from Publius Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus Africanus, called ‘Numantinus’ in commemoration of his victory at Numantia in 133 B. C.Google Scholar

³⁶ On ‘devotio’ see Rose's, H. J. article in the Oxford Classical Dictionary (Oxford 1949) 270. Juvenal alludes to the patriotism of the Decii again in 14.239. Cf. also Cicero, Tusc. Disp. 1.89, 2.59; Prop. 3.11.62; Lucan 2.308, 6.785–786, 7.359.Google Scholar

³⁷ The consul Brutus and the Decii are found in juxtaposition also in Vergil, , Aen. 6.819–824.Google Scholar

³⁸ On the Ninth Satire see Mason, H. A. (above, note 12), 96–107.Google Scholar

³⁹ Od. 12.37–54, 165–200.Google Scholar

⁴⁰ Highet, , Juvenal the Satirist 276, shows that Juvenal's Tenth Satire is an elaborate expansion of Persius' Second Satire. See also Nisbet's, R. G. M. essay on Persius in Critical Essays on Roman Literature: Satire (above, note 12) 39–71.Google Scholar

⁴¹ Cf. Ausonius' epitaph (8) for Nestor (Evelyn, H. G. White's text, Loeb Classical Library edition, I 145):Google Scholar

Hoc tegor in tumulo quarti iam prodigus aevi Google Scholar

Nestor, , consilio clarus et eloquio.Google Scholar

obiecit sese cuius pro morte peremptus Google Scholar

filius et nati vulnere vivo pater.Google Scholar

eheu cur fatis disponere sic placet aevum ,Google Scholar

tam longum ut nobis, tam breve ut Antilocho? Google Scholar

⁴² Post tria saecla is a reminiscence of Iliad 1.250–252, verses on Nestor's age.Google Scholar

⁴³ For the punishment of Ixion cf. Pindar, , Pyth. 2.21–41; Vergil, , Aen. 6.601, 616–617; Tib. 1.3.73–74; Prop. 4.11.23; Ovid, , Met. 4.461, 9.123–124, 10.42; Ibis 176.Google Scholar

⁴⁴ The locus classicus for the punishment of Sisyphus is Homer Od. 11.593–600: cf. Vergil, , Aen. 6.616; Horace, , Carm. 2.14.19–20; Prop. 2.17.7–8, 2.20.32, 4.11.23; Ovid, , Met. 4.460, 10.44, 13.26; Ibis 175, 191.Google Scholar

⁴⁵ For the punishment of Tityus cf. Homer Od. 11.576–581; Vergil, , Aen. 6.595–600; Horace, , Carm. 2.14.8; Tib. 1.3.75–76; Prop. 2.20.31; Ovid, , Am. 3.12.25; Met. 4.457–458, 10.43; Ibis 181–182.Google Scholar

⁴⁶ Prop. 3.5.25–38 is similar in thought to Vergil, , Georg. 2.475–482.Google Scholar

⁴⁷ For the snaky locks of Tisiphone cf. Tib. 1.3.69–70; Ovid, , Met. 4.474–475, 491–496; Juvenal, 6.29.Google Scholar

⁴⁸ Alcmaeon, , first mentioned in Homer Od. 15.248, murdered his mother Eriphyle (Vergil, , Aen. 6.445–446) to avenge the death of his father, the prophet Amphiaraus (Od. 15.244–247). Eriphyle, bribed by the gift of a necklace, persuaded her reluctant husband to join the disastrous expedition of the Seven against Thebes (Od. 11.326–327; cf. Prop. 2.16.29, 3.13.57–58; Ovid, , Ars am. 3.13–14; Statius, , Thebaid 2.299–305, 4.187–213, 8.104–107; Juvenal 6.655). Ovid summarizes this story of greed and matricide in Met. 9.406–410.Google Scholar

⁴⁹ On the Harpies‘ pollution of Phineus’ food and his consequent near-starvation, see Apol. Rhod., Argonautica 2.178–193, 2.223–231. In Apollonius' account (2.262–296, cf. Ovid, , Met. 7.2–4), the Argonauts Zetes and Calais drive off the Harpies, but Propertius represents Phineus' punishment as continuing in Tartarus.Google Scholar

⁵⁰ For the receding water and the elusive fruit which eternally torment Tantalus, the locus classicus is Od. 11.582–592; cf. Horace, , Serm. 1.1.68–69; Carm. 1.28.7; Tib. 1.3.77–78; Prop. 2.1.66, 2.17.5–6, 4.11.24; Ovid, Am. 3.12.30; Ars am. 2.605–606; Met. 4.458–459, 10.41–42; Ibis 179–180. For a rational interpretation of the punishments of Tantalus, Tityus, and Sisyphus see Lucretius, 3.978–1002.Google Scholar

⁵¹ Butler and Barber (273) believe that scopuli refers to the punishment of Sisyphus. Camps, W. A. ( Propertius, Elegies Book III [Cambridge 1966] 78) believes that scopuli ‘must have been suggested by the other version of Tantalus’ punishment, the rock hanging over his head and always seeming about to fall.' For this overhanging rock cf. Pindar Ol. 1.57–58 and Lucretius 3.980–981.Google Scholar

⁵² On Prop. 2.32 see Luck, G., The Latin Love Elegy (London 1959) 109–110, 171.Google Scholar

⁵³ Luck, (117) points out that Propertius, ‘although no story-teller … tries at least to find a beginning and an end. This applies to his affair with Cynthia as a whole (1.1 and 3.25), as well as the many stories, incidents, and pointed situations that consitute its fabric.’ Google Scholar