Professor Mercer examines the subsidies to seven major land-grant railroads in the United States and Canada and finds that such subsidies made very substantial contributions toward paying for the investment in those railroads.

Despite political pressure from their Congressional champions, small businesses were never effectively utilized in the American mobilization for World War II. The Roosevelt administration followed an ambivalent policy designed to placate the proponents of small business while giving the lion's share of contracts and scarce raw materials to big business.

Professor Vamplew describes the expansion of a leading Scottish industry of the nineteenth century, illustrating that the nature and level of demand were the most important factors shaping the industry's growth throughout several distinct stages of development.

Charles M. Schwab's aggressive and innovative leadership of Bethlehem Steel early in this century made that firm a success. To some extent, however, the growth of Bethlehem was made possible by the conservative strategy of E. H. Gary's giant U.S. Steel. The dominant firm's willingness to tolerate the loss of a portion of its sales to smaller rivals made their survival and expansion easier than would have been the case in a more vigorously competitive environment.