Hostname: page-component-6766d58669-7fx5l Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-05-17T11:42:53.426Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Low-Intensity Cognitive Behavioural Therapy-Based Music Group (CBT-Music) for the Treatment of Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression: A Feasibility Study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 October 2017

Chris Trimmer ,
Richard Tyo ,
Jennifer Pikard ,
Claire McKenna  and
Farooq Naeem
Chris Trimmer*
Affiliation:
Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada AMHS-KFLA (Addiction & Mental Health Services – Kingston, Frontenac, Lennox & Addington), Kingston, ON, Canada
Richard Tyo
Affiliation:
AMHS-KFLA, Kingston, ON, Canada
Jennifer Pikard
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
Claire McKenna
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
Farooq Naeem
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada AMHS-KFLA, Kingston, ON, Canada
*
Correspondence to Chris Trimmer, 127 Patrick Street, Kingston, Ontario, K7K 3P4. E-mail: ctrimmer6@gmail.com
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Background: Music has the potential to be an effective and engaging therapeutic intervention in the treatment of mental illness. This research area remains underdeveloped. Aims: This paper reports the feasibility of an innovative low-intensity CBT-based music (CBT-Music) group targeted to symptoms of depression and anxiety. Method: A total of 28 participants with symptoms of depression and anxiety who were attending community mental health services were recruited for the study and randomized into TAU (treatment as usual) plus low-intensity CBT-Music (treatment) or to TAU alone (control). The treatment group consisted of a 9-week music group that incorporated various components of CBT material into a musical context. Feasibility was the primary outcome. The secondary outcomes were a reduction in depression, anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) and disability (WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0) assessed at baseline and 10 weeks. Results: Recruitment proved feasible, retention rates were high, and the participants reported a high level of acceptability. A randomized control study design was successfully implemented as there were no significant differences between treatment and control groups at baseline. Participants in the treatment group showed improvement in disability (p = 0.027). Despite a reduction in depression and anxiety scores, these differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions: A low-intensity CBT-based music group can be successfully administered to clients of community mental health services. There are indications of effectiveness in reducing disability, although there appears to be negligible effect on symptoms of anxiety and depression. This is the first report of a trial of a low-intensity CBT-based music group intervention.

Keywords

CBTdepressionanxiety/anxiety disordersmusichealth servicesempirical supported treatment

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy , Volume 46 , Issue 2 , March 2018 , pp. 168 - 181
Copyright
Copyright © British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

American Psychological Association (APA) (2010). Treatment of clients with major depressive disorder. Available at: http://psychiatryonline.org/pb/assets/raw/sitewide/practice_guidelines/guidelines/mdd.pdf (accessed 2 January 2017).Google Scholar
Bennett-Levy, J., Richards, D., Farrand, P., Christensen, H., Griffiths, K., Kavanagh, D. et al. (2010). Oxford Guide to Low Intensity CBT Interventions. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Butler, A. C., Chapman, J. E., Forman, E. M. and Beck, A. T. (2006). The empirical status of cognitive-behavioral therapy: a review of meta-analyses. Clinical Psychology Review, 26, 17–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2005.07.003 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Castillo-Pérez, S., Gómez-Pérez, V., Velasco, M. C., Pérez-Campos, E. and Mayoral, M.-A. (2010). Effects of music therapy on depression compared with psychotherapy. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 37, 387–390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2010.07.001 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dingle, G. A., Dingle, G. A., Gleadhill, L. and Baker, F. A. (2008). Can music therapy engage clients in group cognitive behaviour therapy for substance abuse treatment? Drug and Alcohol Review, 27, 190–196. https://doi.org/10.1080/09595230701829371 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hakvoort, L. and Bogaerts, S. (2013). Theoretical foundations and workable assumptions for cognitive behavioral music therapy in forensic psychiatry. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 40, 192–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2013.01.001 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maratos, A., Crawford, M. J. and Procter, S. (2011). Music therapy for depression: it seems to work, but how? British Journal of Psychiatry, 199, 92–93. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.110.087494 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maratos, A., Gold, C., Wang, X. and Crawford, M. (2008). Music therapy for depression. In The Cochrane Collaboration, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Available at: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/14651858.CD004517.pub2 (accessed 13 July 2017).Google Scholar
Mössler, K., Chen, X., Heldal, T. O. and Gold, C. (2011). Music therapy for people with schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like disorders. In Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Available at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD004025.pub3/abstract (accessed 13 July 2017).Google Scholar
Naeem, F. (2016). It is time for the CBT songs: music as a medium to deliver cognitive behaviour therapy. Journal of Biomusical Engineering, 4, e110. https://doi.org/10.4172/2090-2719.1000e110 Google Scholar
Naeem, F., Johal, R. K., McKenna, C., Calancie, O., Munshi, T., Hassan, T. et al. (2017). Preliminary evaluation of a ‘formulation-driven cognitive behavioral guided self-help (fcBT-gsh)’ for crisis and transitional case management clients. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 13, 769.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) (2016). Depression in adults: recognition and management. Guidance and guidelines, NICE. Available at: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg90?unlid=9529803502016121911959 (accessed 2 January 2017).Google Scholar
Parikh, S. V., Segal, Z. V., Grigoriadis, S., Ravindran, A. V., Kennedy, S. H., Lam, R. W. and Patten, S. B. (2009). Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) clinical guidelines for the management of major depressive disorder in adults. II. Psychotherapy alone or in combination with antidepressant medication. Journal of Affective Disorders, 117, suppl. 1, S15–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2009.06.042 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists (RANZCP) (2004). Australian and New Zealand clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of depression. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 38, 389–407. https://doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2004.01377.x CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Üstün, T. B., Chatterji, S., Kostanjsek, N., Rehm, J., Kennedy, C., Epping-Jordan, J. et al. (2010). Developing the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 88, 815–823. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.09.067231 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Williams, C. and Martinez, R. (2008). Increasing access to CBT: stepped care and CBT self-help models in practice. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 36, 675–683. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465808004864 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zigmond, A. S. and Snaith, R. P. (1983). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 67, 361–370. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.