Learning Objectives: We aim to evaluate the incidence, associated factors, management and outcome of paediatric tinnitus in our cohort of patients.

Introduction: Around a third of children experience tinnitus at some point in childhood. Troublesome tinnitus can affect 5% of children.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of children referred to a paediatric tinnitus clinic over a 5 year period (March 2010-June 2015).

Results: 30 children were referred for assessment to the paediatric tinnitus clinic. The median age of affected children was 10 years (range 5–16). 83% were boys. 83% had bilateral tinnitus. In 5 children with unilateral tinnitus an MRI scan was normal. Only 17% were found to have abnormal hearing results; 2 with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and 3 with unilateral conductive hearing loss (CHL). In those with unilateral CHL, 2 had chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) and 1 was found to have congenital cholesteatoma. There was no correlation between the type/laterality of hearing loss and the laterality of the tinnitus. 57% had no associated past medical history. History of autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) and anxiety disorder contributed to 30% of cases. Two thirds of children underwent behavioural therapy and were provided with a masker. The remaining children had a combination of behavioural therapy and a sound-ball (Puretone relaxation therapy ball). All patients had a minimum of 6 months follow-up (range 6 months-4 years). 43% were discharged after 1 year of follow-up, with equal numbers of those receiving a masker and a sound-ball (6 and 7 respectively). A further 37% required more than 2 years of regular review. No re-referrals were received during the study period.

Conclusions: Paediatric tinnitus is more common in boys. History of ASD and anxiety disorder are important factors to consider. Behavioural therapy with a sound masker or a sound-ball appear to be equally effective strategies for managing tinnitus in this cohort of Lothian children.