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O conceito de forma literária em Antonio Candido e Ángel Rama: Continuidade e ruptura num diálogo crítico latino-americano (1940–1970)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 June 2022

Fábio Salem Daie*
Affiliation:
Letras Clássicas e Vernáculas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Resumo

O artigo investiga o conceito de forma literária segundo Antonio Candido e Ángel Rama, com ênfase nas formulações publicadas pelo jovem Candido na primeira metade da década de 1940 em Brigada Ligeira e na revista Clima. Essas formulações resguardariam um caráter chave para a compreensão do mesmo conceito na fase madura de ambos os críticos, sobretudo a partir de 1970. Desse período, são referidos textos como “Dialética da malandragem”, no caso de Candido; e “Sistema literario y sistema social en Hispanoamérica”, no que se refere a Rama. Num primeiro momento, ao vincular o conceito de forma à psicologia desvelada pela obra, Candido buscava discernir no seu fundamento estético certa dinâmica ideológica da burguesia brasileira. O artigo deseja mostrar como tal vínculo entre classe social e forma literária teria sido preservado, com as devidas modificações, por Rama em sua compreensão da literatura transcultural na América Latina. Uma das conclusões diz respeito aos esforços de sistematização dos corpora literários (brasileiro/latino-americano), os quais teriam conduzido a acepções diversas do conceito de forma. Uma segunda conclusão abrange as dimensões de negatividade e positividade nos conceitos de Candido e Rama, em sua fase madura, fator responsável pela ruptura teórica neste diálogo crítico.

Abstract

Abstract

This article addresses the concept of literary form according to Antonio Candido and Ángel Rama, emphasizing the formulations published by Candido during the first half of the 1940s in Brigada Ligeira and Clima. These formulations are key to understanding the same concept during both critics’ later decades, especially from 1970 onward. The article focuses on texts such as “Dialética da malandragem,” in Candido’s case, and “Sistema literario y sistema social en Hispanoamérica,” by Rama. Initially binding the concept of form to the psychology unveiled by the narratives, Candido sought to discern in its aesthetic foundation certain ideological dynamics of the Brazilian bourgeoisie. The article demonstrates how such a link between social class and literary form would have been preserved, with the appropriate adjustments, by Rama in his understanding of the transcultural literature in Latin America. One conclusion concerns efforts to systematize the (Brazilian or Latin American) literary corpora, which would have led to different understandings of literary form. The second comprehends the dimensions of negativity and positivity in the later concepts of Cândido and Rama, a factor responsible for the theoretical disruption of the critical dialogue here addressed.

Information

Type
Epistemological and Historical Reflections on Latin American Studies
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that no alterations are made and the original article is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained prior to any commercial use and/or adaptation of the article.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Latin American Studies Association