Figures
I.2The dynamics of culture in nineteenth-century nationalism.
1.3Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle singing ‘La Marseillaise’ (Isidore Pils, 1849; Musée historique de Strasbourg).
1.4Mustafa Kemal Atatürk depicted twice on the Monument of the Republic, Gezi Square, Istanbul (1928).
2.1Opening page of Emmanuel Sieyès’s What Is the Third Estate? (1789).
2.2Statue of Byron in Athens (Henri-Michel Chapu and Alexandre Falguière, 1896).
3.1Title-page vignette for James Macpherson’s Fingal (1762).
3.2Frontispiece to Emile Debraux’s Chansons nationales (1822).
3.3Tomb of Rosalía De Castro, Santiago de Compostela (Jesús Landeira, 1891).
4.1Title-page vignette for Melchiorre Cesarotti’s Italian version of Ossian (1763).
4.4August Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben in the garb of a wandering student.
4.5The differently oriented correspondence networks of Ernst Moritz Arndt and Prosper Mérimee.
5.1Frontispiece and title page of the 1824 edition of Vuk Karadžić’s anthology.
5.2A mind-map of relations between genres in popular culture and specialisms in knowledge production.
5.3‘QAnon Shaman’ Jacob Chansley during the 2021 Capitol riots.
5.4A mind-map showing how Romantic nationalism sees the connections among cultural fields.
6.1Title-page vignette for the Grimms’ Deutsches Wörterbuch (1854).
6.2Millennium Church, Csikszereda, Romania (designed by Imre Makovecz, completed in 2003).
7.2Memory into memorabilia: souvenirs in the tourist gift shop at the Regensburg Walhalla.
8.1Allegory of Germania (Philipp Veit, 1848; Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Nuremberg).
8.2Joan of Arc in Armour at the Siege of Orléans (Jules Lenepveu, 1874; Panthéon, Paris).
8.3Yermak’s Conquest of Siberia (Vasilij Surikov, 1895; State Russian Museum, St Petersburg).
8.4Wilhelm I as Refounder of the Reich (Hermann Wislicenus, 1885; Imperial Manor, Goslar).
8.5And When Did You Last See Your Father? (William Frederick Yeames, 1878; Walker Art Gallery, Liverpool).
8.6The Goddess Saraswati (Raja Ravi Varma, 1896; Maharaja Fateh Singh Museum, Vadodara).
8.7History painting, history writing and the historical novel.
8.8‘Birchlegs’ Skiing Across the Mountains with the Infant King (Knud Bergslien, 1869; Holmenkollen Ski Museum, Oslo).
9.1A Matinee Performance by Liszt (Josef Danhauser, 1840; Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin).
9.3Bust of the choral conductor and composer Josep Clavè in the art nouveau Palace of Catalan Music, Barcelona.
9.4Participants in the Latvian national song festival in traditional dress, 2023.
10.1The spirit of Schiller exhorting a dejected Germany (Carl Jäger, 1859).
10.2Shifting proportions of national-historical and rustic themes in 4,500 academic paintings, 1760–1910.
10.3Newspaper coverage of Frédéric Mistral’s Nobel Prize for literature (1904).
10.4The Reaper (Kanutas Ruseckas, 1844; Lithuanian Art Museum, Vilnius).
10.5Jindřich Fügner in the Sokol club’s national Slavic uniform.
10.7A landmark left by the 1911 world fair in Rome: lighthouse donated by Argentina to the host city as a ‘beacon of the Latin world’.
10.8Poster for the Romanian cabaret at the 1889 Paris Exposition Universelle (Jules Chéret).
10.9Art nouveau posters for national events: the Barcelona Floral Games (1908, Ramón Casas) and the Sokol sports festival in Prague (1912, Alphonse Mucha).
11.1The philosopher Johann Gottlieb Fichte on parade as a member of the Prussian Landwehr (1862 engraving after Carl Zimmermann, 1813).
11.3The pedantic Professor Knatschke as drawn by ‘Hansi’ (1912).
12.1National commemorative monuments per decade and country.
12.4Monument to the Portuguese Discoveries, Belém, Lisbon (António Pardal Monteiro and Leopoldo de Almeida, 1960).
12.5Production of films with national-heroic content per decade.
12.6Eurasian geographic distribution of 100 epic-heroic national action movies since 1990.
12.7A visual metaphor for the alternating states of latency and salience in the cultural history of nationalism.
13.1Phases of national movements between communicative diffusion and localized activism.
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