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Three-dimensional bioprinting of volumetric tissues and organs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 August 2017

David Kilian
Affiliation:
Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; david.kilian@tu-dresden.de
Tilman Ahlfeld
Affiliation:
Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; tilman.ahlfeld@tu-dresden.de
Ashwini Rahul Akkineni
Affiliation:
Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; Ashwini_Rahul.Akkineni@tu-dresden.de
Anja Lode
Affiliation:
Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; anja.lode@tu-dresden.de
Michael Gelinsky
Affiliation:
Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; michael.gelinsky@tu-dresden.de
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Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has become a fast-developing research field in the last few years. Many different technical solutions are available, with extrusion-based printing being the most promising and versatile method. In addition, a variety of biomaterials are already available for 3D printing of live cells. The real challenge, however, remains bioprinting of macroscopic, volumetric constructs of well-defined structures since hydrogels used for cell-embedding must consist of rather soft materials. This article describes recent developments to overcome these limitations that prevent clinical applications of bioprinted human tissues. New approaches include technical solutions such as in situ cross-linking or gelation processes that now can be performed during the bioprinting process, modified bioinks that combine suitable viscosity and cytocompatible gelation mechanisms, and utilization of additional materials to provide mechanical strength to the cell-laden constructs.

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Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2017 

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