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Interaction between the aphid parasitoid Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) and its hyperparasitoid Syrphophagus africanus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 March 2012

Komla Kyky Ganyo ,
Agbeko Kodjo Tounou ,
Cyriaque Agboton ,
Elie Ayitondji Dannon ,
Barry Robert Pittendrigh  and
Manuele Tamò
Komla Kyky Ganyo
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (Benin Station), 08 BP 0932 Tripostal, Cotonou, Benin Ecole Supérieure d'Agronomie, Université de Lomé, BP 1515, Lomé, Togo
Agbeko Kodjo Tounou
Affiliation:
Ecole Supérieure d'Agronomie, Université de Lomé, BP 1515, Lomé, Togo
Cyriaque Agboton
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (Benin Station), 08 BP 0932 Tripostal, Cotonou, Benin
Elie Ayitondji Dannon
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (Benin Station), 08 BP 0932 Tripostal, Cotonou, Benin
Barry Robert Pittendrigh
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801, USA
Manuele Tamò*
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (Benin Station), 08 BP 0932 Tripostal, Cotonou, Benin
*
*E-mail: m.tamo@cgiar.org
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Abstract

The interactions between the cowpea aphid Aphis craccivora Koch, its parasitoid Lysiphlebus testaceipes Cresson and hyperparasitoid Syrphophagus africanus Gahan were assessed in the laboratory. Host age preference for hyperparasitism was evaluated using parasitized aphids of different ages (i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 days old and mixed ages). We studied the influence of the hyperparasitoid on the parasitism efficiency of L. testaceipes, the effect of host age on some biological parameters of S. africanus, and its hyperparasitism based on aggregated or isolated mummies. The presence of S. africanus significantly affected aphid parasitism by L. testaceipes (21.2 ± 3.6 vs 36.6 ± 4.5%). Except for 1-day-old hosts, S. africanus successfully parasitized hosts of all tested ages, with preference for newly formed mummies (39.16 ± 3.31% parasitism in 5-day-old hosts). The development time of immature stages of the S. africanus progeny was significantly affected by host age. The sex ratio of the hyperparasitoid progeny was largely female biased and did not vary with host age. Syrphophagus africanus females from live parasitized aphids produced more offspring (36.55 ± 6.28 vs 25.00 ± 7.16) and lived longer (21.09 ± 1.57 vs 10.88 ± 2.31 days) than those from mummy hosts. Hyperparasitism rates were higher on aggregated mummies than on dispersed ones (36.00 ± 2.86 vs 20.66 ± 4.00%).

Keywords

Cowpea aphid Aphis craccivorainteractionshyperparasitismLysiphlebus testaceipesSyrphophagus africanus

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Type
Research Paper
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 32 , Issue 1 , March 2012 , pp. 45 - 55
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2012

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