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Shifting Local, Regional, and Interregional Relations in Middle Horizon Peru: Evidence from La Real

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Justin Jennings ,
Tiffiny A. Tung ,
Willy J. Yépez Álvarez ,
Gladys Cecilia Quequezana Lucano  and
Marko Alfredo López Hurtado
Justin Jennings
Affiliation:
Department of World Cultures, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen's Park, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 2C6, Canada, (collota@gmail.com)
Tiffiny A. Tung
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Vanderbilt University, 124 Garland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
Willy J. Yépez Álvarez
Affiliation:
Avenida Los Proceres No 198, Arequipa, Peru
Gladys Cecilia Quequezana Lucano
Affiliation:
Ministerio de Cultura, Calle Alameda San Lázaro Nro 120, Arequipa, Peru
Marko Alfredo López Hurtado
Affiliation:
Ministerio de Cultura, Calle Alameda San Lázaro Nro 120, Arequipa, Peru
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Abstract

The Middle Horizon (ca. A.D. 600-1100) was a period of great change in the Andes, with much of Perú connected through long-distance exchange and widely shared Wari styles and practices. Recent research has begun to detail the transformations that occurred within the period, leading to questions about the development of the Wari state and its shifting relationships with outlying areas over time. This article expands this research by exploring the temporal differences within a funerary assemblage at La Real, a site in the Majes Valley of southern Perú. The artifacts and human remains from La Real are used to explore Middle Horizon dynamism in relation to both the surging interregional interaction of the period and emergent social stratification in the valley. Mortuary profiles and sublethal violence remain fairly constant throughout the period, but lethal violence significantly increases in the late Middle Horizon. There are also significant changes over time in the presence of exotic goods and other items, reflecting an increase in craft specialization, the adoption of Wari-related styles and practices, and the development of a more regionally oriented economy. The role of the Wari state in these changes, although unclear, may relate to attempts by Wari leaders to manipulate the long-distance movement of a restricted group of artifacts and resources.

Resumen

Resumen

El Horizonte Medio (ca. 600-1100 d.C.)fue un periodo de gran cambio en los Andes, con la mayoría del Perú unido gracias al intercambio a larga distancia y a los estilos y précticas Wari, extensamente compartidos. Las ultimas investigaciones han empezado a detallar las transformaciones significativas que ocurrieron durante este periodo, que han llevado a preguntas con respecto al desarrollo del estado Wari y su relation cambiante con las areas de su alrededor durante el Horizonte medio, temprano y tardío. Este artículo desarrolla esta investigation explorando las diferencias temporales dentro de los ajuares funerarios en La Real, un sitio localizado en el Valle Majes, al sur del Perú. Los artefactos y los restos humanos del sitio son utilizados para explorar el dinamismo del periodo en relatión al surgimiento de la interacciόn interregional de la era y el contexto local de la estratificación social emergente del valle. Los perfiles demográficos y los traumas frecuentemente relacionados con la violencia fueron comunes a través de este periodo, aunque la violencia letal aumentó significativamente durante la segunda mitad del Horizonte Medio. También existen cambios significativos a través del tiempo en la presencia de bienes exóticos y otros artículos que reflejan un aumento en la especializaciόn de artesanias, la adoption de estilos y prácticas Wari, así como el desarrollo de una economla regionalmente orientada. El rol del estado Wari durante estos cambios, aunque poco claro,puede relacionarse con las tentativas de los lideres Wari de manipular el movimiento a larga distancia de un grupo restringido de artefactos y recursos.

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Articles
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Latin American Antiquity , Volume 26 , Issue 3 , September 2015 , pp. 382 - 400
Copyright
Copyright © Society for American Archaeology 2015

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References

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