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Carbon Isotopic Research of Pinus Sylvestris L. Growing in the Southern Poland (near Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Dąbrowa GÓrnicza Katowice and Olesno)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 November 2019

Barbara Sensuła Open the ORCID record for Barbara Sensuła [Opens in a new window]  and
Natalia Piotrowska Open the ORCID record for Natalia Piotrowska [Opens in a new window]
Barbara Sensuła*
Affiliation:
Silesian University of Technology, Institute of Physics—Center for Science and Education, Konarskiego 22B, Gliwice 44-100, Poland
Natalia Piotrowska
Affiliation:
Silesian University of Technology, Institute of Physics—Center for Science and Education, Konarskiego 22B, Gliwice 44-100, Poland
*
*Corresponding author. Email: Barbara.Sensula@polsl.pl.
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Abstract

In this paper we present data from the measurements of carbon isotopes (Δ14C and δ13C) from α-cellulose extracted from pine tree-rings. The samples were collected in four forests located in the most industrialized part of Poland, where coal mining and coal-based energy are an important branch of industry. The investigated period of time (1975–2012) covers the period of development in coal mining and other industry sectors. Stable isotope composition has been determined with using IRMS and radiocarbon concentration was determinate by AMS.

Keywords

date listpineradiocarbonspectrometrystable isotopes

Information

Type
Date List
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 62 , Issue 2 , April 2020 , pp. 497 - 502
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© 2019 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona

INTRODUCTION

We list below 14C and δ13C results of the measurements of the annual rings of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) from Kędzierzyn-Koźle (50°20′N,18°19′E), Hutki Kanki (50°24′N,19°28′E) near Dąbrowa Górnicza, Podlesie (50°10′N,18°58′E) near Katowice and Olesno (50°48′N,18°23′E), Poland. The Silesian region is a highly populated and industrialized area. The investigated period of time (1975–2012) covers the period of industrial development and implementation of pro-ecological policy in the industrial sector. The three sampling sites: Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Dąbrowa Górnicza, and Podlesie, are located in a highly industrialized area, whereas Olesno is 100 km away from factories. In Kędzierzyn-Koźle there are chemical (nitrogen and petrochemical) factories, whereas near Dąbrowa Górnicza there is a steelworks and coking plant, and Podlesie is located near a combined heat and power plant. The analysis of annual tree-rings of pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) was performed at the Silesian University of Technology in Gliwice. M. Opała and S. Wilczyński provided the samples and their chronology (Sensuła et al. 2015a, 2015b; Sensuła and Wilczyński Reference Sensuła and Wilczyński2018). The dendrochronologically dated annual tree rings were manually separated, pooled, homogenized, and cut into small pieces. α-cellulose samples were extracted (from 10 trees per site) by applying procedures based on Green’s method (Reference Green and Whistler1963) used in the mass spectrometry laboratory of the Silesian University of Technology (Sensuła and Wilczyński Reference Sensuła and Wilczyński2017).The stable isotopic compositions of annual tree rings were analyzed with annual resolution for the period 1975–2012. The 14C isotopic compositions of annual tree rings α-cellulose were analyzed by AMS with annual resolution for the period 2000–2012 and for each 5th year resolution for the period 1975–2000 (Sensuła et al. Reference Sensuła, Michczyński, Piotrowska and Wilczyński2018; Sensuła and Wilczyński Reference Sensuła and Wilczyński2018).

Samples of α-cellulose were converted to graphite for AMS 14C measurements (Piotrowska Reference Piotrowska2013; Sensuła et al. Reference Sensuła, Michczyński, Piotrowska and Wilczyński2018). The process was performed using an AGE automated graphitization system (Wacker et al. Reference Wacker, Nemec and Bourquin2010). Oxalic Acid II (NIST SRM4990C) was used as a reference material. 14C concentrations were determined at the DirectAMS laboratory, Bothell, WA, USA (Zoppi et al. Reference Zoppi2010). Three to four graphites of blank and OxII were measured in the same run as unknown α-cellulose samples. The average blank for these series was 0.3 pMC, which corresponds to 46.6 ka BP, and this value was subtracted from measured concentrations. δ13C were determined using an Isoprime continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometer (GV Instruments, Manchester, UK) at the mass spectrometry laboratory of the Silesian University of Technology.

RESULTS

The results are listed in Tables 1–4 in the appendix.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors wish to express their sincere gratitude to everyone who contributed to making these investigations possible, particularly Magdalena Opała and the technical staff of Silesian University of Technology, who helped in the sample collection and technical work. This work was supported by National Science Center, Poland [grant number DEC–2011/03/D/ST10/05251]; the Ministry of Science and Higher Education [grant number BKM-507/RIF/2013, BKM-509/RIF/2014 and BKM-513/RIF/2015]; the rector’s grant in the area of research and development, Silesian University of Technology [grant number 14/990/RGJ19/0117].

APPENDIX

Table 1

Tree-ring samples collected near Kędzierzyn-Koźle (50°20′N,18°19′E), from Pinus sylvestris L. (Sensuła et al. Reference Sensuła, Michczyński, Piotrowska and Wilczyński2018).

Table 2

Tree-ring samples collected near Hutki Kanki (50°24′N,19°28′E) near Dąbrowa Górnicza from Pinus sylvestris L. (Sensuła et al. Reference Sensuła, Michczyński, Piotrowska and Wilczyński2018).

Table 3

Tree-ring samples collected near Podlesie (50°10′N,18°58′E) near Katowice from Pinus sylvestris L. (Sensuła et al. Reference Sensuła, Michczyński, Piotrowska and Wilczyński2018).

Table 4

Tree-ring samples collected near Olesno (50°48′N,18°23′E) from Pinus sylvestris L.

References

REFERENCES

Green, J. 1963. Wood cellulose. In: Whistler, RL ed., Methods in carbo-hydrate chemistry 3. New York: Academic Press. p. 9–21.Google Scholar
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Sensula, B, Opala, M, Wilczynski, S, Pawelczyk, S. 2015. Long- and short-term incremental response of Pinus sylvestris L. from industrial area nearby steelworks in Silesian Upland, Poland. Dendrochronologia 36:1–12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
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Figure 0

Table 1 Tree-ring samples collected near Kędzierzyn-Koźle (50°20′N,18°19′E), from Pinus sylvestris L. (Sensuła et al. 2018).

Figure 1

Table 2 Tree-ring samples collected near Hutki Kanki (50°24′N,19°28′E) near Dąbrowa Górnicza from Pinus sylvestris L. (Sensuła et al. 2018).

Figure 2

Table 3 Tree-ring samples collected near Podlesie (50°10′N,18°58′E) near Katowice from Pinus sylvestris L. (Sensuła et al. 2018).

Figure 3

Table 4 Tree-ring samples collected near Olesno (50°48′N,18°23′E) from Pinus sylvestris L.