Index
Afghanistan 76
Ahmed, Sara 145
AI
Ailing, Gu 176
All-China Women’s Federation 68
Amad, Paula 170
angel, of peace 30
Armenia 82
assertiveness 71
attitudes, social 7, 60, 78, 111, 126
to bride price, Chinese tradition 113
Chinese, men towards women 93
Chinese, mother-in-law’s
Chinese, towards ethnically mixed children 138
Chinese, women towards abortion 148
derogatory 150
parental 79
polite and attentive 93
Sinophobic, in post-Soviet societies 36
towards China-foreign relations 63
towards Chinese white children, in China 136
towards immigration, in China 48
towards state institutions 27
towards women 94
Baidu Baike , 70
Baltic, republics 100
Barmé, Geremie 57
Bashkirs 81
beauty 11, 68, 169
of children, mixed Eurasian 167
European, cult of in China 136
inter-racial 177
natural
pursuit, of 58
standards 122
white/ness
worship, of 136
behaviour
Chinese grandparents, intrusive 152
Chinese men, towards women 93
patriotic 58
violent 71
women’s, pre-emptive 126
A Beijing Man in New York (1993) 57
Belarusian
national service, avoiding 128
Berlant, Lauren 142
Best Time (2013) 63
Bhabha, Homi 35
Big Breasts and Wide Hips (1996) 57
bigamy 118
Bleiker, Roland 62
bodies 61, 163, 167
in Chinese construction of national identity , 176
control, over women’s 113
geopolitical 24
ideal 176
imagery 176
male 57
private 24
Russian , 177
as social capital 37
‘spectacular’ 61
and territorial claims 123
as tools 124
valorisation, of white women’s 86,
women’s, racialised 28
Bolshoi Theatre 81
border 12, 21, , 125, 163, 176
China-Japan 13
China-South Korea 13
conflict 65
construction, of 123
cross- 1, 22, 145
contacts 175
ethnic groups 48
friendship 65
intimacies 6
kinship ties 182
matchmaking services 47
mobility , 169
crossing, right to , 127
governance 161
internal 124
Manchurian , 162
market 66
Northeast 22
patriarchal 166
post-Soviet 84
regime , 158
region 20
shared 67
stability 36
zones 28
boredom 115
Bourdieu, Pierre 62
breeding 70
Britain 26
Brown, Kerry 9
Bulag, Uradyn 10
Buryat 81
Cai, Rong 57
Carter, Sean 62
Catholic 111
Caucasus 100
CGTN channel 23
Chien-Juh, Gu 116
chifan’kat’, from the Chinese (chi fan) 120
childbirth 27, 79, 92, , 142
in China 123, ,
defective 54
and ethnicity, mixed 25
and skin, colour 137
as ‘space of geopolitics’
and stigma 25
and territory, national 124
in Ukraine, advantages of 128
childminder 136
children 11, 77, 79, , 105, 110
as allegory, territorial, Russia-Ukraine 182
Belarusian 131
Chinese and non-Chinese 26
Chinese-white 136
Eurasian , 167
healthy and strong 138
inclusion 151
intercultural
orphanages, Ukraine 183
place, in society, unclear 137
prejudice and discrimination, against 138
rights 158
stolen 130
Ukrainian 151
‘China Dream’
and China’s foreign relations 183
Chinese-Russian romance 64
as construct, hyperreal
and domesticity, heterosexual 7
and intimate relations, transnational 64
and reunification, with Taiwan 7
and sex 16
Xi Jinping’s version, of
Chongqing 102
citizenship
choices
contestations 156
entitlements 18
flexibility 131
geographies, of 145
geopolitics, of 129
grandchildren, of 152
negotiating 26,
practices 139
racialised, in China 159
and residence, permanent 46
Soviet 20
Structures 38
territorial 124
Ukrainian 130
value, of 150
Western 150
colonists
concubines 119
contraceptives 79
couples 49, , 102, 129, 163, 168
Chinese-American 176
Chinese-foreign 124
conjugal 29
ideal, international 52
‘model’ 172
newly-wed 166
Cubans 91
Cultural revolution 22
Damansky island 21
Das, Veena 167
deportation 102
desire 8, 38, 111, 116, 137, 160
for better future 127
Chinese, national 7, 16, 18, 39, 78,
for acceptance, global 16
for power and influence, global 18, 64, 164, 173, 179, 185. See also ‘China Dream’, as global power.
sexualised 23
constructed 60
to control, women 135
to dominate, Russian female bodies 174
embodied 179
to escape 89
landscape, of 173
logics, of 6
and lust 173
material 58
mobilisation, of 159
objects, of 68
politics, of 33
racialised 185
sexual 86
to shelter, Ukrainian women 178
whiteness, for 86
whiter skin, for 58
devils, foreign 56
DeWoskin, Rachel 67
diao si (Chinese loser) 54
disgust 159
divorce 97, 104, , 128, 130
as political metaphor, Russia-Ukraine 182
rights, after 157
Dodd, Klaus 62
doll, Russian 161
Dubeeva, Galina
East Asia Tribune
Eco, Umberto 6
Eluosizu (ethnic Russians) 21
emasculation, of Chinese men 26
‘enemies of the people’ 53
Entry and Exit Administration Law (2013) 43
erotics 6 n17
Eskimo 81
Eurasian Economic Union 52
face-making 119
‘familiar strangeness’ 35
family 36, 39, 46, 57, 100,
blood line 57
broken 68
Chinese-foreign 98, , ,
Chinese-Slavic 108
and divorce 119
exclusion lines, within 103
experience 96
gendered 142
housemaid 82
inter-racial 83
man 52
as metaphor, for Russian–Ukranian relationship
migration 15
name 136
normal 158
principles 8
responsibilities 38
Russian 83
Soviet 76
structure 164
Taiwanese 116
technologies, of 161
ties , 103
traditional 68
transnational 67
treasures 66
violence, domestic 71
visa 10, , , , ,
wealth 116
fantasies
men’s, Western
nationalist 64
of power, global 64
of taming, post-Soviet women 69
vs reality 143
Farrer, James 54
feeling/s 28, 63, 75, , 170
affective 61
being foreign, of 143
derogatory 159
and emotions 61
paternal 136
pressure, of social norms 91
private 111
resentment 74
sadness and loss, of 116
shame 36
superiority, of 184
female 1, 133. See also women.
characters 68,
civil servant 51
foreign 3
friends 146
performance 170
privileged, white 14
soldier 71
students 88
officer, Soviet 67
femininity 68, 123. See also masculinity.
Chinese canons, of 71
competing 80
desired 6
post-Soviet 94
racialised 6
sexualised 6
field 34, 186
of creative and beauty economies 57
cultural and moral 129
migration 123
of public relations 98
research 33
visual 171
of visual international politics 62
Five-Star Card 45 n20
Foreign Babes in Beijing 67
foreigners 10, 21, 24, 97, 111, 117
beautiful 160
Chinese 47
Chinese perceptions, towards 48,
and Chinese propaganda 171
in Chinese TV shows
European-looking 98
financial status, in China 157
hierarchy of, in China
and national security, in China 40
noses 176
restrictions 7
‘screwing’ 58
solidarity 159
white
gaze 172, 177
centrality, of the 170
diverting, the 171
lustful, of the state
returning, the 168,
reversing, the 174
subverting, the 170
gazers 170
gender 10, 13, 129, 147, 163, 170
analysis 179
and beauty 122
characteristics, national 78
crises 95
cultural politics, of 59
and family building 142
and family values 25
forces 36
images 37
and intimate politics 23
normativity, of 171
practices 24
priviledge, white 122
structures 25
symbols 26
and visual representations 64
whiteness 95
genotype
white, European 16
geopolitics 162, 183, 185
of childbirth
cinematic 61
of citizenship 129
of family relationships 24
popular 61
racialised 37
space, of 123
Google 103
Great Patriotic War 52
Greenhalgh, Susan 54
Guilin 102
Guo, Shaohua 63
Guilin 102
Gynaecology 148
‘harmonious society’ 7
‘harmonious world’ 7
Hastrup, Kirsten 174
heterotopia, Foucauldian 29
Hu, Jintao 30
Hulunbuir, grasslands 23
husband 60, 71, 80, 88, 121, 139, 172
catholic 111
foreign 67
ideal 174
and intimacy 117
jealous 130
lazy 97
looking for , 136
and looks 91
lucky 96
misleading 114
‘normal’ 82
not permanent 104
as political metaphor for Russia, in its relationship with Ukraine
and social capital 108
and social status , , 121
stupid 152
trustworthy 129
working abroad 115
hypergamy 12
identity , 160
child 137
claims 176
constructed 61
ethnic 10
European 95
-making 22
migrant 141
overlapping 124
politics, of 26
social 159
theft 184
white 96
‘illegalities, three’ 43
immigration 143. See also emigration and migration.
attitudes, toward 48
in Canada and Taiwan 12
in China , 18,
environment 25
exclusionary 18
framework
policies 36
rights 86
in Russia 101
sphere 45
status 105
imperialism 56
‘In Search of the Most Beautiful Family’ campaign 68
in-laws 129
intimacy , 71, 117, 142, 165
acceptable
Chinese-Russian 32
cross-border 6
and geopolitics 65
and politics
Israel 94
Jiehai, Zhang 26
Joint Declaration of Strategic Partnership China - Ukraine (2011) 180
Juan, Zhang 13
‘Katyusha’ 81
Kazakhstan 33
Kelsky, Karen 64
Kissing Russia (1994) 2 n3
knot, ‘double happiness’ 161
Korea, South 13
Kuntsman, Adi 145
laowai (foreigner) 151
Law on the Control of the Exit and Entry of Aliens China (1985) 41
Lenin 4
Li, Lisan 22 n74
Li, Zhang 15
life, earliest found on the Earth 161
lüxing zheng (Chinese travel document) 125,
livestreamers 170
loneliness 115
love 6 n17, 10, 36, 68, 73, 79
American-Russian
Chinese-Russian 69
Chinese-Ukrainian 55
‘dangerous’ (weixian de aiqing) 50
festival, of ,
global 9
patriotic 67
for Putin 94,
romantic 164
for Russia 96
and state 172
Love at First Sight (2016) 2 n2
Love in Suifenhe (2013) 28 n96
luoshi rencai qiangguo zhanlüe (talented people) 45
male
audience, Chinese 61
body, foreign 57
cameramen
Chinese 1
friend, Chinese 146
longing 174
partner, Chinese 106
potency, sexual 27
presenter, TV 71
relatives 146
subject 26
success 16
teachers, Western
viewers, Chinese 177
writers, Chinese 57
Manchester, University of 35
Manchu, period (1644–1912) 56
manhood 57
Macao 42,
marriage 36, 39, 73, 75, 79, 84
‘beautiful and happy’ 2
bribery, into 108
broken 94
caili (monetary exchange) 112
Chinese men and African women 13
Chinese-Ukrainian 98
and citizenship 137
collapse 134
contract 146
cost, of 148
crisis 48
daughter, after, in Taiwan 108
deinstitutionalisation, of 49
desirable 164
documented 104
and dual citizenship 103
economy 159
faulty
foreign (shewai hunyin) 47
and foreigners , 11
global 12
globalization, of 23
heterosexual 11
hyperreal 162
institution 9
and kinship 182
legend 2
monogamous 49
norms, of 137
open 158
and parenthood 129
politics, of 165
post-Soviet 112
and property rights 157
regimes 123
regulations, of 43
salvation, through 146
subjected, to 109
‘trap’ 87
in Ukraine 98
value, cultural 110
with people, from Macao , 51
masculinity See also femininity.
Chinese 7, 15, 27, , 64, 87
class-coded 119
and nationhood 185
validation, of 96
virtuous and benevolent 78
modern 96
post-Mao 119
in Putin’s Russia 96
superior 6
in Xi’s China 96
marriageable 51
menstruation 148
migration 1, , 34, 40. See also emigration and immigration.
chain 15
decisions 25
family 15
global 40
labour 20
long-term 89
narrative, of 37
office 104
policies 41
status 105
waves, of 87
Ministry of Education, China 52
Ministry of Immigration China (2018) 40
Ministry of Justice, China 46
Ministry of Propaganda, China 54
Minsk 35
motherhood 130
Mulan 71
My Natasha (2012) 2, , ,
narrative 37, 39, 89, 147, 175
Chinese state, of 22
graphic 61
identity, mixed race, of 138
ideal body, of 176
media
meta- 7
past and future, of 174
personal 33
Russia-Ukraine war, of
self-improvement, of 77
sexualised 16
social 24
Soviet Union, of 180
state 7
tropes 67
National Immigration Administration (2018) 14
National Security Education Day 51
Nationality Law, Chinese (1980) , 131
Nationality Ordinance, China (1909) 43
necessity
Ng, Kenny 57
Niulan (human cowherd) 163
‘One child policy’ 11
Oriental Express, channel 28 n95
overseas, Chinese , , 55
parenthood 129
paternity test 156
People’s Republic of China (PRC) , 11, 17, 21
Greater China 13
and immigration 40
as moderately developed society 8
and nationality law 124
‘sick man of Asia’ 17
polygamy 119
post-Soviet 149
background 121
businessman 78
Chinese-Russian relationships 74
economic disasters 90
identity, female 94
label, Slavic 181
mothers 149
period 64
societies 36
transformations 34
wife 11
powerlessness 153
Pratt, Mary Louise 175
propaganda 185
campaigns 58
cultural 64
department 63
diffusion 163
industry 54
nationalist 184
Russian 184
Pulford, Ed 96
queer, scholars 164
race , 37, 58, 64, 130, 185
in Asia 86
card 107
and class and ethnicity 129
and foreigness 139
hierarchies, of 18
‘lower’ 99
mixed-, baby boy 82
mixed-, background 30
mixed-, child 100,
mixed-, families 20
mixed-, people
in Russia 99
nationhood and belonging 165
political language, of 56
racist 83
reality 8, 61
digital 32
effect, of television 62
and fantasy 143
and fiction 160
grey 89
human 185
imitation, of 6
near-real 8
new 106
post-Soviet 65
Red Square 80
reforms 26
refugees 29
Regulations on the Examination and Approval of the Permanent Residence of Aliens in China (2004) 42
Regulations on the Management of Foreigners’ Permanent Residency (2020) 15
Rossiyskaya Gazeta
Russia , 26, , 52, 88. See also Soviet Union.
born, in 132
certificate, police 153
China, border
China, struggle against American global domination 81
China’s neighbour 59
China’s racial superior 59
compared, to Japan 14
consulates 154
couples, from
and Crimea 182
degree, from 44
documents 104
early 1990s 76
Eastern 90
as equal, to China 19
expansion, territorial 20
fashionable and trendy 74
and free health care 158
gloomy, depressing and stagnant 89
as ‘husband, -ex’, of Ukraine
image, in China , 99
job, in 88
landscape, moral
life, ideal 158
as ‘loser’ 19 n67
men’s behaviour, towards women, in 109
and Manchuria 20
partnership, strategic
permits, for foreigners 151
poor 76
post-Soviet , 77
sanctions, Western 29
school, in 100
stagnant
‘subaltern empire of modernity’ 23
visa 101
wedding, in 112
Russian Girls in Harbin (1997) 2 n3, , , , ,
Schein, Louisa 6 n17,
‘scientific development’ 7
settlers, in Russian empire 29
sex 9
as conspicuous consumption 15
economies 23
and gender 6 n17
imbalance, in China 11
industry 6 n17
and love 173
political economy, of 182
selling 94
worker 94
sexism 166
sexual
conquest 37
consumption 71
initiative 71
longing 159
object 110
political economy, of 6 n17
work 120
sexualities 57
sexuality
and capitalism 58
geopolitics, of 61
hierarchies, of 18
hyper 71
role, of 64
state’s involvement, in 165
Shanshan, Lan 95
Shenyang 33
Shue, Vivienne 163
Shulan 1
Silk Road Economic Belt 52
Sino-Russian Border Agreement (1991) 65
Sino-Russian Youth Friendship Exchange Year 52
skin
colour 25, 99, 137, 149. See also African, blackness, Europeanness and whiteness.
different 138
as source of social stigma 25
white 89
whiter 58
skinhead, attacks 99
Smith, Sara 124
socialist
experiments 4
legacy 48
leaders 4
model 21
period 53
project 70
relations, brotherly 21
society 164
state, first 19
transitions, post- 85
son 57, 70, 75, 79, 96, 121
abuse, of 139
Chinese, marrying foreign woman 146
citizenship, of , , 151
in China, compared with Russia 100
of mixed background, marrying Chinese women
status
in the family 51
Soviet Union 48, 75, 95, 181
etnic, mix 19 n66
German ancestry, in 90
last years, of 34
legacy, historical 179
living legally, in 20
source of brides, in China 54
successor, of 23
transformations 34
whiteness, in 100
sphere 85
culture, popular 8
of education 96
entertainement 96
legal 143
physical 159
political 19
retail 96
spouse 3, 45, 79, , 114
beloved 73
Chinese 126
and divorce law 118 n45
migrant 105
mobility 42
Russian 4
and trust 129
Sputnik International 5
Stoler, Ann 166
strangeness, familiar 35
Suifenhe , 66,
supermums 141
superwives 141
Supreme People’s Court of China 50
Swiss 150
Taiwanese 116
Tatars 91
‘technologies of connection’ 144
Thailand 89
‘three illegalities’ 43
Tiananmen 59
Tlostanova, Madina 23
Tobin, David 167
Travelogue broadcast 23
Uighurs 167
Ukraine 28 n95, 33, 90, 93, 131
as appendage, of Russia 181
behaviour, shameful 119
-China, diplomatic relations 180
entity, separate from Russia 54
flag 184
giving birth, in 128
leaving 97
men’s behaviour towards women, in 109
native, of 152
Orange Revolution 104
orphanages 183
protection, in need of 179
racism, towards Chinese, in 99
Ukrainian
actress 71
agency (personal) 185
cities 179
heritage, mixed
men 98
nation, weak and ‘feminine’ 179
origins 71 n35
orphanages 183
YouTuber 185
UkrainianArtists4Ukraine campaign 71 n35
UN Global Compact for Migration agreement (2018) 40
United Russia Party 52
Uyghur 56
West 51, 95
and Asia 12
domination 64
encounters, with the Other 23
and post-Soviet migrants 100
represented, by USA 68
and Ukraine 182
versus the rest 23
Western
colonial practices 21
culture 91
English language, teachers
features 58
films 91
media 184
men
fantasies’ 65
passport 150
sanctions, on Russia 29
social sciences 21
spy 51
world 175
Westerner 21
whiteness. See also Europeanness and skin, colour.
in Asia 86
of foreigners
gendered 95
as marker of modernity 57
as ‘more developed’ and ‘more beautiful’ 138
pan-European 100
politics of, in China 59
shaping European identity 95
of Slavic women, in China 26
valorisation, for market consumption 138
versions, of 96
yang 138
Williams, Raymond 28
Wolf Warrior II (2017) 64
women 34, 36, 82. See also female
aggressive, sexuality 26
American 57
artists 35
animal in a zoo, feeling like 92
beautiful 146
Belarusian 23
blonde, blue-eyed 92
bribed into marriage 108
and African-American man
dating, forigners 47
derogatory attitude, towards 150
desire, for white skin and European look 58
and family planning policy 51
image, stereotypical 70
and Japanese men 13
qualities, motherly 150
and Russian men 16
migrating, to the West 12
rape, of 26
spoiled, infantile, selfish, needy, fake, weak, hypochondriac and throwing tantrums 148
subject, to patriarchal norms and structural inequalities 159
Chinese men’s attitudes, towards 93
cloned 185
commodified 147
confined, to domestic sphere 120
conquered and folded, into the Chinese patriarchal order 7
controlled, bodies 113
cosseted, by future husbands 109
domestic roles 95
educated 105
Far Eastern Russia and Siberia, from 90
fear, of loosing their children ,
frustration 151
giving birth 133
Global South, from 23
goddess, domestic 94
independent 105
‘intimate publics’ 142
intimidating 26
Japanese 64
Korean 13
life goal, marriage 110
mixed race 29
modern 116
motivation, to marry, in China 101
and nationalism 27 n90
object, of attention 170
oversexualised
payment, for marriage, not missing out on, in China 146
post-Soviet 27, 37, 65, 111
commodity, high value 147
perceptions of, in the entertainment industry, in China 95
qualities 148
reputation, of 94
strong 148
taming, of 69
wives, ideal foreign 86
working vs stay at home 149
powerless 152
pressured, to have children 110
professional 52
provided for, completely 116
Russian 9, 75, 81, 143, 158, 164
as avatar 185
beautiful and strong 70
dichotomous identity: good or bad 150
ideal partners 74
image, stereotypical 70
independent and strong willed 67
and love, for China 184
as object of desire 68
as fantasy, geopolitical 23 n79
looking 170
reputation, as prostitutes, in Italy 150
synonymous with, yet different from, Slavic woman 54
with a camera 166
young 77
self-blame 114
self-realisation, through marriage and childrearing 110
sex workers
shrewed 105
slave 116
Slavic 9, 16, 23, 59, 61, 79
accessible 26
attracting, well-off Chinese men 51
bargain, on Chinese marriage market 147
in China 19
favoured choice, of foreign wives 122
independent and strong willed
paradigm of ideal transnational love 55
perceptions, Chinese 59
renown 146
strength and reproductive power 80
tamed and folded, into the Chinese patriarchal order 72
threatening, less 26
more valuable, genuine and altruistic and better wives, than Chinese 149
solidarity, among 158
sports- 88
striking 92
suitable 79
as symbols, of domesticity 123
undervalued 111
Uyghur 56
victimised 26
vulnerable and exposed 35
Western 58
white 11, , 59, 94, , 139
bearers of hunxue children 137
idealised 185
independent 36
lucky strike, marrying a 113
masculinisation, of 69
objects, of sexual longing 159
precious stone, like 108
prestige 114
resource, of national reproduction 159
strong 52
underground trade, of their ova 58
young 79
Xi, Jinping
and Belt and Road Initiative 163
and China dream
China’s paramount leader 66
and constructions of masculinities 96
and cultural propaganda 64
and happy housewives 68
and Russian-Chinese relations 52
xiao mi/er nai (second wife) 119
Xinhua News Agency
Yabaolu (Beijing district) 88
Yakut 81
Yamaura, Chigusa 13
Yan, Mo 57
Yichun 172
ying hanzi (a hard man) 57
YouTube 184
yue zi (doing-the-month)
Zhinü (goddess of weaving) 163
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