This index contains all references to places, regions and bodies of water in this study. Excluded have been descriptors that cover large areas (Europe north of the Alps, Francia, the Ottonian realm, et cetera) and their modern equivalents (Low Countries, Germany, France, et cetera). Places with libraries or archives that contain medieval manuscripts can be found in Index3. Despite the somewhat inconsistent contemporary use of terminology for councils and synods (see Chapter 4, pp. 137–8), these gatherings have been distinguished based on the way they are discussed in the book. Later references to decisions made at synods or councils have also been incorporated. Page numbers in italics indicate that the indexed reference is found in the footnotes and not in the main body of the text.