the roman wedding introit deus israel (its text extracted from the book of tobit) was assembled during the latter half of the ninth century using two initial and three cadential formulas that pervade the urban repertory of deuterus introits. at least fifteen additional formulas can be identified within this modal group, by far the most numerous among introits at rome. one initial figure stands out from the rest of these formulas, introducing a ‘paschal tone’ incorporating the alleluias regularly interjected into eastertide introits. narrow in range and archaic in style, the paschal tone quotes a roman office antiphon for easter week dating from the seventh century or earlier, whose pitches – the emblematic initial permeating the tone – eventually generated a psalm-tone differentia and a formula used to begin many later deuterus introits, including deus israel.

responding to recent theories on roman chant by kenneth levy, this article argues, on the basis of liturgical and textual evidence, that non-psalmic offertories were included in the roman chant repertory before carolingian times, that the composition of the offertory cycle was finished by the beginning of the seventh century, that pieces of non-roman origin can be found among psalmic offertories, and that ‘non-roman’ can mean african as well as gallican.

in summarizing the findings of a forthcoming monograph and edition, this article reviews the forces leading to the major revisions of chant characteristic of the period 1590–1890. it identifies the major independent editions, outlines their chief characteristics, and documents the need for a geography of chant practice during these centuries. the fundamental changes wrought by the several editors brought about an individualization in melodic constructions and undoubtedly caused accompanying differences in learning processes. new comparative transcriptions of the alleluia veni domine provide a view of representative editorial processes.

liturgical chant bibliography 14 maintains the previously established subdivisions: (1) editions and facsimile editions, (2) books and reprints, (3) congress reports, (4) chant journals, (5) collections of essays and dictionaries, (6) articles in periodicals and festschriften. additions to previous bibliographies, for the most part reviews, directly follow this introduction.