Metatarsonemus simplicissimus Attiah, type-species of the nominal genus Metatarsonemus Attiah, 1970, was previously based on the adult male only. The adult female of this species is described herein, and descriptive notes further to those given by Attiah are included for the adult male. Characteristic structures useful for correlating females with males of this species, and the synonymy of Metatarsonemus under Tarsonemus, are discussed.

The Ceratozetidae of arctic western North America, represented by 12 species in 9 genera, are discussed. A new genus, Cyrtozetes, and species, Cyrtozetes denaliensis, are proposed, and Trichoribates copperminensis Hammer, T. polaris Hammer, Svalbardia paludicola Thor, Iugoribates gracilis Sellnick, Diapterobates notatus (Thorell) both adults and immatures, D. variabilis Hammer, Sphaerozetes arcticus Hammer, Fuscozetes sellnicki Hammer, Melanozetes longisetosus Hammer, and Ceratozetes spitsbergensis Thor and C. parvulus Sellnick are redescribed. Immatures of T. polaris, S. paludicola, F. sellnicki, and M. longisetosus are described. Distribution records of Ceratozetes gracilis (Michael) in the western North American arctic are listed. The new combination, Cyrtozetes shiranensis (Aoki and Fujikawa), is proposed.

The dogwood borer, Synanthedon scitula (Harris), is a relatively new pest problem on apples. Larvae feed principally in burr knots on the above-ground portion of clonal rootstocks. According to a survey of 33 orchards on dwarf or semidwarf apple root-stocks, about 70% of the trees had burr knots. The tendency to develop burr knots was similar among the rootstocks examined in this survey. The proportion of trees infested with dogwood borer in an orchard ranged from 0 to 100% and averaged 30%. The dogwood borer overwinters in the larval stage (2nd to 6th instar) and pupates in the feeding tunnel. Emergence and pheromone-trap records indicate 1 generation a year. In western New York, adults begin to emerge in mid-June, peak in mid-July, and continue to emerge through September. In several tests conducted over a 3-year period, chlorpyrifos at 180 g/100 L provided the most consistent control. At this rate a single spray timed to first or peak egg hatch was as effective as 2 sprays. Latex paint applied by brush to the trunk at the beginning of the oviposition period also reduced the infestation. In established plantings, dogwood borer can also be controlled by berming with soil up to the graft union to prevent access to burr knots. Destroying burr knots chemically with naphthalene acetic acid will not eliminate an infestation and may invite other borer problems.

As part of a preimpoundment baseline study in the James Bay Hydroelectric Project in Northwestern Québec, systematic collections of aquatic insects were made in 1974 and 1975 in lakes and streams of the Rivière du Castor drainage. The aquatic Empididae are reported on here: they comprise 12 species, one of which is new (Hemerodromia fibrina n. sp.). Except for the boreal Metachela albipes, the fauna is remarkably temperate in character and composition. Emergence patterns are similar, though foreshortened, to those observed in southern Québec, and there are no bivoltine species. Most species are lotic and many thrive in fast waters (Neoplasm scapularis, Roederiodes recurvatus), but there is nevertheless a distinct lacustrine fauna (H. fibrina and perhaps also Chelifera rastrifera). The bog stations harbored only the widespread Chelifera palloris.

Simple, sticky traps were used to monitor adult sciarid populations, and soil cores were used to monitor larval sciarid populations in commercial cucumber greenhouses. Four methods of sticky-trap placement were compared and it was found that 5 traps in a “W” formation correlated closely with more intensive 12- and 30-trap random placements. All 4 of the greenhouses studied exhibited similar sciarid population patterns in 1983 but only 2 showed large sciarid populations in 1984 and the other 2, using different overwinter sanitation methods, had no detectable sciarid populations. Moth-flies (Psychodidae) were often the most numerous form of small dipteran found on the traps. Larval sciarids occurred in the upper 5 cm of each 10-cucumber bag, and weekly 50-mL core samples showed a range of 0.0 to 1.1 larvae/mL which corresponded to estimated larval populations of up to 2500 per bag. Plants that had succumbed to fungal pathogens and then been sampled immediately for sciarid larvae were found to have fewer larvae per bag than apparently healthy plants. Insect monitoring in cucumber greenhouses has enabled growers to reduce and/or eliminate the need for insecticide applications against sciarids during the growing season.

The character-state distribution of various external and internal pro- and mesothoracic structures of Hymenoptera is described. Structures discussed are the transscutal articulation, axillae, notauli, median mesoscutal sulcus, parapsidal lines, pronotal lobe, postspiracular sclerite, prepectus, netrion, epicnemium, basalare, pronotal-mesothor-acic attachment mechanism, and 2 mesothoracic muscles, viz. mesotrochanteral depressor and second-phragmal flexor. Ancestral state and transformation of the characters are hypothesized, and shared derived states of higher taxa are determined. Hypotheses of synapomorphy are based on the shared derived states, and these hypotheses used to test previous hypotheses of relationship and classification. Relationships of Symphyta to Apocrita and of Aculeata to Terebrantes are discussed, and various aspects of classification of Symphyta and Terebrantes are examined. Finally, prior use of terms is reviewed for the thoracic structures studied. A single set of terms is selected for use throughout the order based on original use of each term and on hypotheses of homology.

The mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, is one of the most destructive bark beetles found on pine in western North America (McCambridge et al. 1979), particularly in forests of lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta Douglas var. latifolia (Furniss and Carolin 1977). The treatment registered in the United States for the protection of high-value trees in residential areas and recreational areas is 2% carbaryl applied to the bole of the tree with a hydraulic sprayer. Recently, pine oil, a derivative of paper pulp waste, was found to be an effective non-insecticidal repellent against several species of bark beetles (Nijholt et al. 1981).

Kissinger (1982) published the first program for producing labels on a microcomputer. This program was limited in that it allowed only 3 lines of labels, worked only on a printer connected to LPTI: (parallel port), had no print options, and restricted the number of characters per label. The program described here is written in BASIC for the IBM-PC microcomputer. It has none of the above restrictions and is more versatile. The program is self-activating with AUTOEXEC to an opening menu with 12 options. Each option is called by number and the user follows a series of explicit, on-screen prompts.