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Centre For Human Rights v. Tanz. (Afr. Ct. H.P.R.)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 February 2026

Uché Ewelukwa Ofodile
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Type
International Legal Documents
Information
International Legal Materials , Volume 65 , Issue 1 , February 2026 , pp. 66 - 120
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2026. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of American Society of International Law

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Footnotes

*

Professor Uche Ewelukwa Ofodile holds the E.J. Ball Endowed Chair at the University of Arkansas School of Law, United States. She is a member of the United Nations Working Group on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas.

References

Notes

1 Rhoda Oklin, Conceptualizing disability: Three models of disability, American Psychological Association (May 29, 2022), https://www.apa.org/ed/precollege/psychology-teacher-network/introductory-psychology/disability-models.

2 Enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism, Note by the Secretary-General, U.N. Doc. A/79/175 (July 18, 2024), https://docs.un.org/en/A/79/175.

3 Ikponwoso Ero et al., People with Albinism Worldwide: A Human Rights Perspective (Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), 2021.

4 Id. See also Report of the Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism, Muluka-Anne Miti-Drummond, U.N. Doc. A/HRC/52/36/Add. 1.

5 Application 019/2018 – Centre for Human Rights (CHR), Institute for human Rights and Development in Africa (IHRDA) & Legal and Human rights Centre (LHRC) vs United Republic of Tanzania [hereinafter “Application 019/2018”], https://www.african-court.org/cpmt/storage/app/uploads/public/67a/60b/d08/67a60bd08d5ae236146763.pdf.

6 The Protocol to the African Charter of Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Establishment of African Court of Human and Peoples’ Rights, adopted on 10 June 1998, entered into force on 25 January 2004 [hereinafter “Protocol”]. https://au.int/en/treaties/protocol-african-charter-human-and-peoples-rights-establishment-african-court-human-and

7 Id., art. 3(1).

8 See Attacks and discrimination against persons with albinism, U.N. Doc. A/HRC/RES/23/13 (June 13, 2013), https://ap.ohchr.org/documents/dpage_e.aspx?si=A/HRC/RES/23/13.

9 Persons with albinism – Report of the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, U.N. Doc. A/HRC/24/57 (September 13, 2013), A/HRC/24/57. See also www.ohchr.org/en/resources/databases.

10 Elimination of harmful practices to accusations of witchcraft and ritual attacks, U.N. Doc. A/HRC/RES/47/8 (July 15, 2021), https://docs.un.org/en/A/HRC/RES/47/8.

11 Application 019/2018, ¶ 29–49.

12 Id. ¶¶ 50–111.

13 Id. ¶ 151.

14 Id. ¶ 150.

15 Velasquez Rodriguez v. Honduras, Judgment, Inter-Am. Ct. H.R. (July 29, 1988) ¶ 176.

16 Application 019/2018, supra note 5, ¶ 179.

17 Id. ¶ 184.

18 Sègnonna Horace Adjolohoun and Paul Nantulya, Why the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights Matters (African Center for Strategic Studies, July 8, 2024); updated February 10, 2025), https://africacenter.org/spotlight/african-court-on-human-and-peoples-rights.

19 Amnesty International, Why the African Court Should Matter to You (June 9, 2023), https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/campaigns/2023/06/why-the-african-court-should-matter-to-you/.

20 Application 019/2018, ¶ 428 (xiv).

21 Id. ¶ 428 (xv).

22 Id. ¶ 428 (xvii). Emphasis added.

23 Id. ¶ 428 (xviii). Emphasis added.

24 Id. ¶ 428 (xix). Emphasis added.

25 Id. ¶ 428 (xx). Emphasis added.

26 Id. ¶ 428 (xxi). Emphasis added.

27 Id. ¶ 428 (xxii). Emphasis added.

28 Id. ¶ 428 (xxiii). Emphasis added.

29 Id. ¶ 428 (xxiv). Emphasis added.

30 Id. ¶ 428 (xxv). Emphasis added.

31 Id. ¶ 428 (xxvi).

32 Id. ¶ 428 (xxvii).

33 Press release, Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, UN expert welcomes African Court ruling against Tanzania for failing to protect persons with albinism (Feb. 7, 2025), https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2025/02/un-expert-welcomes-african-court-ruling-against-tanzania-failing-protect.

34 Roger-Claude Liwanga, From Commitment to Compliance: Enforceability of Remedial Orders of African Human Rights Bodies, 41 Brook. J. Int’l L., (2016), https://brooklynworks.brooklaw.edu/bjil/vol41/iss1/2.

35 Activity Report of African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights: Jan. 1–Dec. 31, 2023, EX.CL/1492(XLIV), introduced at the Forty-fourth Ordinary Session of the Executive Council of the African Union, Jan. 15–Feb. 15, 2024, https://www.african-court.org/wpafc/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/EX-CL-1492-XLIV-Report-AfCHPR-_-EN.pdf.