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The response of phytoplankton, zooplankton and macrozoobenthos communities to change in the water supply from surface to groundwater in aquaculture ponds

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 March 2014

Zorka Dulić ,
Zoran Marković ,
Miroslav Živić ,
Miloš Ćirić ,
Marko Stanković ,
Gordana Subakov-Simić  and
Ivana Živić
Zorka Dulić*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, 11 080 Belgrade, Serbia
Zoran Marković
Affiliation:
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, 11 080 Belgrade, Serbia
Miroslav Živić
Affiliation:
Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia
Miloš Ćirić
Affiliation:
Institute for Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia
Marko Stanković
Affiliation:
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, 11 080 Belgrade, Serbia
Gordana Subakov-Simić
Affiliation:
Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia
Ivana Živić
Affiliation:
Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia
*
*Corresponding author: zorkad@agrif.bg.ac.rs
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Abstract

Investigating forces driving the structure of aquatic communities has long been an important issue in ecology. In the present study, we focused on the effects of changed water supply for aquaculture ponds on phytoplankton, zooplankton and macrozoobenthos communities during two seasons of rearing common carp. We compared these communities between two types of inflow water: surface sources of water – a reservoir pond, two open wells and a small stream and groundwater – deep tube well. Significant changes were observed in environmental variables after the introduction of the groundwater source: oxygen concentration and water hardness decreased, while conductivity, phosphorus and un-ionized ammonia increased. Results revealed that all investigated groups, except Mollusca (macrozoobenthos), decreased in species richness, abundance and biomass due to changed water chemistry, but differed in the level of susceptibility. Rotifera and Cladocera were the most affected showing a sharp decline in density and number of species since 66% of species disappeared from the ponds. The abundance of Copepoda was relatively high although significantly lower under new conditions, with adults being more tolerant to changed inflow water than nauplii larvae. Phytoplankton had the highest potential to replace previous species with newcomers more adapted to changed water chemistry, providing 36 immigrant species, whereas 49 became extinct. Although mainly influenced by fish predation, Chironomidae (macrozoobenthos) were undoubtedly affected by changed water chemistry. These results suggest profound changes in three key ecological groups produced by significant changes of important environmental variables and water quality after the shift from surface to groundwater supply.

Keywords

Phytoplanktonzooplanktonmacrozoobenthoswater qualityaquaculture ponds

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Type
Research Article
Information
Annales de Limnologie - International Journal of Limnology , Volume 50 , Issue 2 , 2014 , pp. 131 - 141
Copyright
© EDP Sciences, 2014

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