Hostname: page-component-77f85d65b8-6bnxx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-03-29T15:53:56.192Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Energy-dispersive diffraction tomography of shark vertebral centra

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 September 2024

Jun-Sang Park ,
Ryan M. Horn ,
Haiyan Chen ,
Kelsey C. James ,
Michelle S. Passerotti ,
Lisa J. Natanson  and
Stuart R. Stock Open the ORCID record for Stuart R. Stock [Opens in a new window]
Jun-Sang Park
Affiliation:
Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
Ryan M. Horn
Affiliation:
Department of Aerospace Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Haiyan Chen
Affiliation:
Mineral Physics Institute, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
Kelsey C. James
Affiliation:
SW Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, La Jolla, CA, USA
Michelle S. Passerotti
Affiliation:
NE Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, Narragansett, RI, USA
Lisa J. Natanson
Affiliation:
NE Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, Narragansett, RI, USA
Stuart R. Stock*
Affiliation:
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, and Simpson-Querrey Inst., Northwestern Univ., Chicago, IL, USA
*
a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Electronic mail: s-stock@northwestern.edu
Get access

Abstract

Shark vertebrae and their centra (vertebral bodies) are high-performance structures able to survive millions of cycles of high amplitude strain despite lacking a repair mechanism for accumulating damage. Shark centra consist of mineralized cartilage, a biocomposite of bioapatite (bAp), and collagen, and the nanocrystalline bAp's contribution to functionality remains largely uninvestigated. Using the multiple detector energy-dispersive diffraction (EDD) system at 6-BM-B, the Advanced Photon Source, and 3D tomographic sampling, the 3D functionality of entire centra were probed. Immersion in ethanol vs phosphate-buffered saline produces only small changes in bAp d-spacing within a great hammerhead centrum. EDD mapping under in situ loading was performed an entire blue shark centrum, and 3D maps of bAp strain showed the two structural zones of the centrum, the corpus calcareum and intermedialia, contained opposite-signed strains approaching 0.5%, and application of ~8% nominal strain did not alter these strain magnitudes and their spatial distribution.

Keywords

sharkvertebral centrumbioapatiteenergy-dispersive diffractiontomographysynchrotron X-radiation

Information

Type
Proceedings Paper
Information
Powder Diffraction , Volume 39 , Issue 2 , June 2024 , pp. 69 - 75
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of International Centre for Diffraction Data

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

Footnotes

*

(retired).

References

REFERENCES

Almer, J. D., and Stock, S. R.. 2005. “Internal Strains and Stresses Measured in Cortical Bone via High-Energy X-Ray Diffraction.” Journal of Structural Biology 152: 14–27.10.1016/j.jsb.2005.08.003CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Almer, J. D., and Stock, S. R.. 2007. “Micromechanical Response of Mineral and Collagen Phases in Bone.” Journal of Structural Biology 157: 365–370.10.1016/j.jsb.2006.09.001CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dean, M. N., Chiou, W.-A., and Summers, A. P.. 2005. “Morphology and Ultrastructure of Prismatic Calcified Cartilage.” Microscopy and Microanalysis 11: 1196–1197.10.1017/S1431927605507888CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, R. B., Burr, D. B., and Sharkey, N. A.. 1998. Skeletal Tissue Mechanics. New York, Springer, 148–156.10.1007/978-1-4757-2968-9CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morse, P. E., Stock, M. K., James, K. C., Natanson, L. J., and Stock, S. R.. 2022. “Shark Vertebral Microanatomy and Mineral Density Variation Studied with Laboratory Microcomputed Tomography.” Journal of Structural Biology 214: 107831.10.1016/j.jsb.2022.107831CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Park, J.-S., Almer, J. D., James, K. C., Natanson, L. J., and Stock, S. R.. 2022a. “Mineral in Shark Vertebrae Studied by Wide Angle and by Small Angle X-Ray Scattering.” Journal of the Roy Society Interface 19: 20220373.10.1098/rsif.2022.0373CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Park, J.-S., Chen, H., James, K. C., Natanson, L. J., and Stock, S. R.. 2022b. “Three-Dimensional Mapping of Mineral in Intact Shark Centra with Energy Dispersive X-Ray Diffraction.” Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials 136: 105506.10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105506CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Porter, M. E., and Long, J. H. Jr. 2010. “Vertebrae in Compression: Mechanical Behavior of Arches and Centra in the Gray Smooth-Hound Shark (Mustelus californicus).” Journal of Morphology 271: 366–375.10.1002/jmor.10803CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Porter, M. E., Diaz, C., Sturm, J. J., Grotmol, S., Summers, A. P., and Long, J. H. Jr. 2014. “Built for Speed: Strain in the Cartilaginous Vertebral Columns of Sharks.” Zoology 117: 19–27.10.1016/j.zool.2013.10.007CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stock, S. R., DeCarlo, F., and Almer, J. D.. 2008. “High Energy X-Ray Scattering Tomography Applied to Bone.” Journal of Structural Biology 161: 144–150.10.1016/j.jsb.2007.10.001CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stock, S. R., Park, J.-S., Jakus, A., Birkbak, M., Frølich, S., Birkedal, H., Shah, R., and Almer, J. D.. 2021. “In Situ Loading and X-Ray Diffraction Quantification of Strains in Hydroxyapatite Particles Within a 3D Printed Scaffold.” Materialia 18: 101174.10.1016/j.mtla.2021.101174CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stock, S. R., Morse, P. E., Stock, M. K., James, K. C., Natanson, L. J., Chen, H., Shevchenko, P. D., Maxey, E. R., Antipova, O., and Park, J.-S.. 2022. “Microstructure and Energy Dispersive Diffraction Reconstruction of 3D Patterns of Crystallographic Texture in a Shark Centrum.” Journal of Medical Imaging 9: 031504.10.1117/1.JMI.9.3.031504CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Urist, M. R. 1961. “Calcium and Phosphorus in the Blood and Skeleton of the Elasmobranchii.” Endocrinology 69: 778–801.10.1210/endo-69-4-778CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Watanabe, Y. Y., Lydersen, C., Fisk, A. T., and Kovacs, K. M.. 2012. “The Slowest Fish: Swim Speed and Tail-Beat Frequency of Greenland Sharks.” Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 426/427: 5–11.10.1016/j.jembe.2012.04.021CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weidner, D. J., Vaughan, M. T., Wang, L., Long, H., Li, L., Dixon, N. A., and Durham, W. B.. 2010. “Precise Stress Measurements with White Synchrotron X-Rays.” Review of Scientific Instruments 81: 013903.10.1063/1.3263760CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed