Hostname: page-component-77f85d65b8-zzw9c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-04-21T13:15:28.461Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Comprehensive Analysis of Automatic Identification System (AIS) Data in Regard to Vessel Movement Prediction

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 May 2014

Philipp Last ,
Christian Bahlke ,
Martin Hering-Bertram  and
Lars Linsen
Philipp Last*
Affiliation:
(Institute for Maritime Simulation, University of Applied Sciences Bremen, Germany) (School of Engineering and Science, Jacobs University, Bremen, Germany)
Christian Bahlke
Affiliation:
(Institute for Maritime Simulation, University of Applied Sciences Bremen, Germany)
Martin Hering-Bertram
Affiliation:
(Institute of Informatics and Automation, University of Applied Sciences Bremen, Germany)
Lars Linsen
Affiliation:
(School of Engineering and Science, Jacobs University, Bremen, Germany)
*
(E-mail: philipp.last@hs-bremen.de)
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

AIS was primarily developed to exchange vessel-related data among vessels or AIS stations by using very-high frequency (VHF) technology to increase safety at sea. This study evaluates the formal integrity, availability, and the reporting intervals of AIS data with a focus on vessel movement prediction. In contrast to former studies, this study is based on a large data collection of over 85 million AIS messages, which were continuously received within a time period of two months. Thus, the evaluated data represent a comprehensive and up-to-date view of the current usage of AIS systems installed on vessels. Results of previous studies concerning the availability of AIS data are confirmed and extended. New aspects such as reporting intervals are additionally evaluated. Received messages are stored in a database, which allows for performing database queries to evaluate the obtained data in an automatic way. This study shows that almost ten years after becoming mandatory for professional operating vessels, AIS still lacks availability for both static and dynamic data and that the reporting intervals are not as reliable as specified within the technical AIS standard.

Keywords

AISCollision AvoidanceMotion PredictionInterval Analysis

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Navigation , Volume 67 , Issue 5 , September 2014 , pp. 791 - 809
Copyright
Copyright © The Royal Institute of Navigation 2014 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

REFERENCES

Felski, A. and Jaskólski, K. (2013). The Integrity of Information Received by Means of AIS During Anti-collision Manoeuvring. TransNav the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, 7, 95–100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Felski, A. and Jaskólski, K. (2012a). Analysis of AIS availability. European Journal of Navigation, 10(1), 39–43.Google Scholar
Felski, A. and Jaskólski, K, (2012b). Information unfitness as a factor constraining Automatic Identification System (AIS) application to anti-collision manoeuvring. POLISH MARITIME RESEARCH, 19, 60–64.Google Scholar
Felski, A. and Jaskólski, K. (2012c). Information Unfitness of AIS. Annual Of Navigation, 19(1), 17–24.Google Scholar
Harati-Mokhtari, A., Wall, A., Brooks, P. and Wang, J. (2007). Automatic Identification System (AIS): Data Reliability and Human Error Implications. Journal of Navigation, 60(3), 373–389.Google Scholar
IMO. (2006). Automatic Identification Systems Model course (AIS) 1·34. London: International Maritime Organization.Google Scholar
IMO. (2003). Guidelines for the Installation of a Shipborne Automatic Identification System (AIS) [Homepage Of International Maritime Organization], [Online]. Available: http://www.imo.org/ourwork/safety/navigation/documents/227.pdf. Accessed 15 May 2013.Google Scholar
ITU. (2010). Technical characteristics for an automatic identification system using time-division multiple access in the VHF maritime mobile band [Homepage of International Telecommunication Union], [Online]. Available: http://www.itu.int/dms_pubrec/itu-r/rec/m/R-REC-M.1371-4-201004-I!!PDF-E.pdf. Accessed 12 May 2013.Google Scholar
Redoutey, M., Scotti, E., Jensen, C., Ray, C., and Claramunt, C. (2008). Efficient Vessel Tracking with Accuracy Guarantees. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 5373, 140–151.Google Scholar