Hostname: page-component-6766d58669-kn6lq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-05-18T17:42:13.836Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of increased milking frequency and residual milk removal on milk production and milk fatty acid composition in lactating cows

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2017

Sabine Ferneborg ,
Lucia Kovac ,
Kevin J Shingfield  and
Sigrid Agenäs
Sabine Ferneborg
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
Lucia Kovac
Affiliation:
Department of Food Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
Kevin J Shingfield
Affiliation:
Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, SY23 3FL
Sigrid Agenäs*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
*
*For correspondence; e-mail: sigrid.agenas@slu.se
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

It has been well established that milk yield is affected both by milking frequency and due to the removal of residual milk, but the influence of a combination of these factors is unclear. In this study, four mid-lactation cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to test the hypothesis that the effects of more frequent milking and residual milk removal on milk yield and composition are additive and alter milk fatty acid composition. Treatments comprised two or four times daily milking in combination with (or without) residual milk removal over a 96 h interval preceded by a 2 d pretreatment period and followed by a 8 d washout in each 14 d experimental period. Milk was sampled at each milking for the analysis of gross composition and SCC. Samples of available and residual milk collected on the last milking during each treatment period were collected and submitted for fatty acid composition analysis. Increases in milking frequency and residual milk removal alone or in combination had no effect on milk yield or on the secretion of lactose and protein in milk. However, residual milk removal during more frequent milking increased milk fat yield. Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo. For all treatments, fat composition of available and residual milk was rather similar indicating a highly uniform fatty acid composition of milk fat within the mammary gland.

Keywords

milkingmilking frequencyfatty acid compositiondairy cowresidual milkudder emptying

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 84 , Issue 4 , November 2017 , pp. 453 - 463
Copyright
Copyright © Hannah Research Foundation 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

Footnotes

†

Deceased.

References

Adams, HP & Allen, NN 1952 The effect of removal of residual milk by use of oxytocin upon the yield and fat content of subsequent milkings. Journal of Dairy Science 35 1121–1124 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Åkerlind, M, Weisbjerg, M, Eriksson, T, Thøgersen, R, Udén, P, Ólafsson, BL, Harstad, OM & Volden, H 2011 Feed analyses and digestion methods. In NorFor – the Nordic Feed Evaluation System, pp. 41–45 (Ed. Volden, H). EAAP publication No. 130. Wageningen, The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amos, HE, Kiser, T & Loewenstein, M 1985 Influence of milking frequency on productive and reproductive efficiencies of dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 68 732–739 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bauman, DE & Davis, CL 1974 Biosynthesis of milk fat. In Lactation: A Comprehensive Treatise, vol. 2, pp. 31–75 (Eds Larson, BL & Smith, VR). New York: Academic Press Google Scholar
Brandsma, S 1978 The relation between milking, residual milk and milk yield. In Proceddings of the International Symposium of Machine Milking, Louisville, KY, pp. 47–56 Google Scholar
Bruckmaier, RM, Schams, D & Blum, JW 1994 Continuously elevated concentrations of oxytocin during milking are necessary for complete milk removal in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Research 61 323–334 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dill, C, Lane, G, & Hartsfield, S 1974 Influence of repeated oxytocic treatments on composition of bovine milk fat. Journal of Dairy Science 57 1164–1169 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Donker, J, Koshi, J & Petersen, W 1954 The effect of exogenous oxytocin in blocking the normal relationship between endogenuous oxytocic substance and the milk ejection phenomenon. Science 119 67–68 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dutreuil, M, Guinard-Flament, J, Boutinaud, M & Hurtaud, C 2016 Effect of duration of milk accumulation in the udder on milk composition, especially on milk fat globule. Journal of Dairy Science 99 3934–3944 Google Scholar
Ferlay, A, Martin, B, Lerch, S, Gobert, M, Pradel, P & Chilliard, Y 2010 Effects of supplementation of maize silage diets with extruded linseed, vitamin E and plant extracts rich in polyphenols, and morning v. evening milking on milk fatty acid profiles in Holstein and Montbéliarde cows. Animal 4 627–640 Google Scholar
Gómez-Cortés, P, Bodas, R, Mantecón, AR, de la Fuente, MA & Manso, T 2011 Milk composition and fatty acid profile of residual and available milk from ewes fed with diets supplemented with different vegetable oils. Small Ruminant Research 97 72–75 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Halmemies-Beauchet-Filleau, A, Kokkonen, T, Lampi, A-M, Toivonen, V, Shingfield, K & Vanhatalo, A 2011 Effect of plant oils and camelina expeller on milk fatty acid composition in lactating cows fed diets based on red clover silage. Journal of Dairy Science 94 4413–4430 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harvatine, KJ, Boisclair, YR & Bauman, DE 2009 Recent advances in the regulation of milk fat synthesis. Animal 3 40–54 Google Scholar
Heap, RB, Fleet, IR, Proudfoot, R, & Walters, DE 1986 Residual milk in Friesland sheep and the galactopoietic effect associated with oxytocin treatment. Journal of Dairy Research 53 187–195 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hernandez, LL, Wheelock, JB, Shwartz, G, Baumgard, LH, Parkhurst, AM & Collier, RJ 2007 Effects of intramammary infusions of serotonin (5-HT) and methysergide (METH), a 5-HT antagonist, on milk production and composition in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Animal Science 85 208–208 Google Scholar
Hernandez, LL, Collier, JL, Vomachka, AJ, Collier, RJ & Horseman, ND 2011 Suppression of lactation and acceleration of involution in the bovine mammary gland by a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. Journal of Endocrinology 209 55–54Google Scholar
Hristov, AN, Domitrovich, C, Wachter, A, Cassidy, T, Lee, C, Shingfield, KJ, Kairenius, P, Davis, J & Brown, J 2011 Effect of replacing solvent-extracted canola meal with high-oil traditional canola, high-oleic acid canola, or high-erucic acid rapeseed meals on rumen fermentation, digestibility, milk production, and milk fatty acid composition in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 94 4057–4074 Google Scholar
Jensen, RG 2002 The composition of bovine milk lipids: January 1995 to December 2000. Journal of Dairy Science 85 295–350 Google Scholar
Johansson, B, Uvnäs-Moberg, K, Knight, CH & Svennersten-Sjaunja, K 1999 Effect of feeding before, during and after milking on milk production and the hormones oxytocin, prolactin, gastrin and somatostatin. Journal of Dairy Research 66 151–163 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kairenius, P, Ärölä, A, Leskinen, H, Toivonen, V, Ahvenjärvi, S, Vanhatalo, A, Huhtanen, P, Hurme, T, Griinari, JM & Shingfield, KJ 2015 Dietary fish oil supplements depress milk fat yield and alter milk fatty acid composition in lactating cows fed grass silage based diets. Journal of Dairy Science 98 5653–5671 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kernohan, EA & Lepherd, EE 1969 Size distribution of fat globules in cow's milk during milking, measured with a Coulter counter. Journal of Dairy Research 36 177–182 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kernohan, EA, Wadsworth, J & Lascelles, A 1971 Changes in the composition of bovine milk fat during milking. Journal of Dairy Research 38 65–68 Google Scholar
Knight, C 1994 Short-term oxytocin treatment increases bovine milk yield by enhancing milk removal without any direct action on mammary metabolism. Journal of Endocrinology 142 471–473 Google Scholar
Kramer, JKG, Fellner, V, Dugan, MER, Sauer, FD, Mossoba, MM & Yurawecz, MP 1997 Evaluating acid and base catalysts in the methylation of milk and rumen fatty acids with special emphasis on conjugated dienes and total trans fatty acids. Lipids 32 1219–1228 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Linzell, JL & Peaker, M 1971 Mechanism of milk secretion. Physiological Reviews 51 564–597 Google Scholar
Nostrand, SD, Galton, DM, Erb, HN & Bauman, DE 1991 Effects of daily exogenous oxytocin on lactation milk yield and composition. Journal of Dairy Science 74 2119–2127 Google Scholar
Ontsouka, CE, Bruckmaier, RM & Blum, JW 2003 Fractionized milk composition during removal of colostrum and mature milk. Journal of Dairy Science 86 2005–2011 Google Scholar
Österman, S & Bertilsson, J 2003 Extended calving interval in combination with milking two or three times per day: effects on milk production and milk composition. Livestock Production Science 82 39–149 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peaker, M & Wilde, CJ 1996 Feedback control of milk secretion from milk. Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia 1 307–315 Google Scholar
Rushen, J, de Passillé, AMB & Munksgaard, L 1999 Fear of people by cows and effects on milk yield, behavior, and heart rate at milking. Journal of Dairy Science 82 720–727 Google Scholar
Shingfield, K, Ahvenjarvi, S, Toivonen, V, Arola, A, Nurmela, K, Huhtanen, P & Griinari, JM 2003 Effect of dietary fish oil on biohydrogenation of fatty acids and milk fatty acid content in cows. Animal Science 77 165–180 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shingfield, KJ, Bernard, L, Leroux, C & Chilliard, Y 2010 Role of trans fatty acids in the nutritional regulation of mammary lipogenesis in ruminants. Animal 4 1140–1166 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spörndly, R (Ed.) 2003 Fodermedelstabell för idisslare. Rapport nr 257. Uppsala, Sweden: Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Google Scholar
Sprain, DG, Smith, VR, Tyler, WJ & Fosgate, OT 1954 The effect on milk and fat production of injections of oxytocin at alternate 14-day periods during lactation. Journal of Dairy Science 37 195–201 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stelwagen, K, Knight, CH, Farr, VC, Davis, SR, Prosser, CG & McFadden, TB 1996 Continuous vs. single drainage of milk from the bovine mammary gland during a 24 h period. Experimental Physiology 81 141–149 Google Scholar
Stelwagen, K, Farr, VC, Nicholas, GD, Davis, SR & Prosser, CG 2008 Effect of milking interval on milk yield and quality and rate of recovery during subsequent frequent milking. Livestock Science 114 176–180 Google Scholar
Stelwagen, K, Phyn, CV, Davis, SR, Guinard-Flament, J, Pomiès, D, Roche, JR & Kay, JK 2013 Invited review: reduced milking frequency: milk production and management implications. Journal of Dairy Science 96 3401–3413 Google Scholar
Wall, EH & McFadden, TB 2012 Triennial lactation symposium: a local affair: how the mammary gland adapts to changes in milking frequency. Journal of Animal Science 90 1695–1707 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zaks, MG 1962 The Motor Apparatus of the Mammary Gland, 1st English edition. Edinburgh and London: Oliver and Boyd Google Scholar
Supplementary material: PDF

Ferneborg et al supplementary material

Ferneborg et al supplementary material 1

Download Ferneborg et al supplementary material(PDF)
PDF 249.4 KB