Susan Ariel Aaronson is Research Professor of International Affairs at the Elliott School of International Affairs of the George Washington University and Director of the Digital Trade and Data Governance Hub. Aaronson is also a cross-disciplinary fellow and a senior fellow at the think tank Center for International Governance Innovation (CIGI) in Canada. Aaronson was previously the Carvalho Fellow at the Government Accountability Project and the Minerva Chair at the National War College.

Aaronson’s research examines the relationship between economic change and human rights. She is currently directing projects on mapping data governance, and writing on comparative advantage in data, data and national security, and the US approach to stimulating AI. Her research has been funded by the Hewlett, MacArthur, Ford, and Rockefeller Foundations, governments, such as those of the Netherlands, United States, and Canada; the United Nations, the International Labour Organization, and the World Bank; and US corporations including Ford Motor and Levi Strauss. Aaronson is a frequent speaker on public understanding of globalization issues and international economic developments. She regularly comments on international economics on ‘Marketplace’ and was a monthly commentator on ‘All Things Considered’ and ‘Morning Edition’. She has also appeared on CNN, the BBC, and PBS to discuss trade and globalization issues. Aaronson was a guest scholar in economics at the Brookings Institution (1995–1999) and a research fellow at the World Trade Institute (2008–2012).

In recent years, she has been a pro bono advisor to the UN Special Representative on Transnational Corporations and Human Rights and the Congressional Human Rights Caucus. She has also consulted for the International Labour Organization; the World Bank; Free the Slaves; the Ford Foundation; the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative; the Progressive Policy Institute; the Stanley Foundation; several corporations; and the governments of Canada, Belgium, and the Netherlands, among others.

Mira Burri is Professor of International Economic and Internet Law and managing director for internationalization at the Faculty of Law of the University of Lucerne. She teaches international intellectual property, media, Internet, and trade law. Prior to joining the University of Lucerne, Mira Burri was a senior fellow at the World Trade Institute at the University of Bern, where she led a project on digital technologies and trade governance as part of the Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR): Trade Regulation. Mira received her law degree from the University of Sofia and a Master of Advanced European Studies (MAES) from the Europe Institute of the University of Basel. Her doctoral thesis dealt with EU competition law and was awarded the Professor Walther Hug prize (2006/2007). Mira completed her habilitation in 2015 with venia docendi for international economic law, European and international communications and media law, as well as Internet law.

Mira’s current research interests are in the areas of digital trade, culture, copyright, data protection, and Internet governance. Mira is the principle investigator of the project ‘The Governance of Big Data in Trade Agreements’, sponsored by the Swiss National Science Foundation. She consults the European Parliament, UNESCO, the WEF, EFTA and others on issues of digital innovation and cultural diversity. Mira has co-edited publications Free Trade versus Cultural Diversity (Schulthess, 2004); Digital Rights Management: The End of Collecting Societies? (Stämpfli et al., 2005); Intellectual Property and Traditional Cultural Expressions in a Digital Environment (Edward Elgar, 2008); Governance of Digital Game Environments and Cultural Diversity (Edward Elgar, 2010), and Trade Governance in the Digital Age (Cambridge University Press, 2012). She is the author of Public Service Broadcasting 3.0 (Routledge, 2015). Mira’s publications are available at http://ssrn.com/author=483457.

Anupam Chander is Professor of Law at Georgetown University. The author of the widely reviewed book, The Electronic Silk Road (Yale University Press, 2013), Chander is an expert on the global regulation of new technologies. A graduate of Harvard College and Yale Law School, he clerked for Chief Judge Jon O. Newman of the Second Circuit Court of Appeals and Judge William A. Norris of the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. He practised law in New York and Hong Kong with Cleary, Gottlieb, Steen & Hamilton. He has been a visiting law professor at Yale, the University of Chicago, Stanford, Cornell, and Tsinghua.

Anupam Chander previously served as the director of the California International Law Center and Martin Luther King Jr. Professor of Law at UC Davis. A member of the American Law Institute, he has also served on the Executive Council of the American Society of International Law, where he co-founded the International Law and Technology Interest Group. He serves as a judge of the Stanford Junior International Faculty Forum. A recipient of Google Research Awards and an Andrew Mellon grant on the topic of surveillance, he has worked with ICTSD/World Economic Forum expert groups on the digital economy. He serves as an Adjunct Senior Research Scholar at Columbia University’s School of International and Public Policy, a faculty advisor to Georgetown’s Institute for Technology Law and Policy, and as a faculty affiliate of Yale’s Information Society Project.

Manfred Elsig is Professor of International Relations, Deputy Managing Director and Director of Research of the World Trade Institute of the University of Bern. Between 2013 and 2017 he was the director of the NCCR Trade Regulation. He studied at the universities of Bern and Bordeaux and earned a degree in political science. He worked from 1997 to 1999 at the Swiss Federal Office for Foreign Economic Affairs. He later joined the Political Science Institute at the University of Zurich and received his PhD (Dr. Phil) in 2002 with a dissertation on European Union trade policy. From 2002 to 2004 he worked for the UBS financial services group and as a personal advisor to the Minister of Economy of Canton Zurich. In 2004–2005 he was a teaching fellow at the International Relations Department at the London School of Economics and Political Science. From 2005 to 2009, he worked as a postdoc fellow at the World Trade Institute and at the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies in Geneva. From 2009 to 2013 he was an assistant professor at the World Trade Institute.

Manfred’s research focuses primarily on the politics of international trade, regional trade agreements, European trade policy, international organizations, US–EU relations, and private actors in global politics. He has published in international peer-reviewed journals including International Studies Quarterly, European Journal of International Relations, European Union Politics, Journal of European Public Policy, Journal of Common Market Studies, Review of International Organizations, Review of International Political Economy, and World Trade Review. He has been visiting lecturer/visiting professor at the University of Zurich, the University of Geneva, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, the London School of Economics and Political Science, and the Thunderbird School of Global Management. His courses include international political economy, international relations theories, international institutions, globalization and European integration, and research methods.

Martina F. Ferracane is Max Weber Fellow at the European University Institute and Research Associate at the European Center for International Political Economy (ECIPE). Martina is passionate about policymaking and technological innovation. She has been awarded a PhD on the topic of cross-border data flows at University of Hamburg, where she has also received a postdoctoral scholarship to investigate the topic of creative pedagogy in the digital era. In her academic career, she has been affiliated with the European University Institute (Policy Leaders Fellow in 2018 and currently Max Weber Fellow), Columbia University and the California International Law Center. On top of regulatory issues connected to data flows, including trade governance, cybersecurity, and privacy, her work covers topics related to digital transformation, digital education, and entrepreneurship.

Martina founded and manages the FabLab Western Sicily, a non-profit organization which brings creative digital education to Sicilian kids and she was listed in ‘Forbes 30 under 30’ for her work with Oral3D, a start-up she co-founded in the area of 3D printing and dentistry. For her work in these areas, she was listed in 2018 among the fifteen most influential Italian women on digital issues. She acts regularly as a consultant on digital trade and data flows for several institutions, including the United Nations, the European Commission, WEF, and the World Bank. More about Martina’s work can be found at www.martinaferracane.com.

Emmanuelle Ganne is Senior Analyst in the Economic Research and Statistics Division of the World Trade Organization, where she leads WTO’s work on blockchain. She is the author of a recently published WTO book entitled Can Blockchain Revolutionize International Trade?. Ganne is also WTO’s lead on micro-, small- and medium-sized enterprises. Prior to this, she held the position of Vice President and Managing Director for Europe at the Allam Advisory Group (AAG), a team of former C-level executives and senior diplomats that specializes in helping businesses expand their operations globally. Before joining AAG, she held various positions at the WTO, including as counsellor to Director-General Pascal Lamy, and in the Accessions Division where she assessed trade policies of governments wishing to join the WTO and advised them on how to improve their business environment.

Before joining the WTO in 2002, Emmanuelle Ganne worked for the Organisation of Economic Cooperation and Development, putting in place the Stability Pact Anti-Corruption Initiative, which assisted South Eastern European states curb corruption. Ganne was a 2009 Yale World Fellow.

Henry S. Gao is Associate Professor of Law at Singapore Management University. With law degrees from three continents, he started his career as the first Chinese lawyer at the WTO Secretariat. Before moving to Singapore in late 2007, he taught law at the University of Hong Kong, where he was also the Deputy Director of the East Asian International Economic Law and Policy Program. He has taught at the IELPO programme in Barcelona and the Academy of International Trade Law in Macau, and was the academic coordinator to the first Asia-Pacific Regional Trade Policy Course officially sponsored by the WTO. Widely published on issues relating to China and the WTO, Gao’s research has been featured by CNN, BBC, The Economist, Wall Street Journal, and Financial Times. He has advised many national governments as well as the WTO, the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank, APEC, and ASEAN on trade issues. He sits on the Advisory Board of the WTO Chairs Programme, which was established by the WTO Secretariat in 2009 to promote research and teaching on WTO issues in leading universities around the world. He is also a member of editorial board of Journal of Financial Regulation, which was launched by Oxford University Press in 2014. Gao is currently working on issues relating to digital trade, WTO reform, and the Belt and Road Initiative.

Urs Gasser is Professor of Practice and Executive Director of the Berkman Klein Center for Internet and Society at Harvard University. In addition to his appointments at Harvard, Gasser has had visiting professorships at the Singapore Management University School of Law, the University of Zurich Faculty of Law, KEIO University, and the University of St. Gallen, and taught at Fudan University School of Management. He serves as a trustee on the boards of the Digital Asia Hub, and the Research Center for Information Law at the University of St. Gallen. He was formerly a member of the International Advisory Board of the Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society in Berlin, a trustee of the NEXA Center for Internet and Society at the Polytechnic of Turin, a Fellow at the Gruter Institute for Law and Behavioral Research, and served as a senior advisor to the World Economic Forum’s Future of the Internet Initiative, where he currently is a member of the Global Future Council on New Metrics. He currently also serves as a member of the German Digital Council, appointed by Angela Merkel.

Urs Gasser is the co-author of Born Digital: Understanding the First Generation of Digital Natives (Basic Books, 2008 and 2016, with John Palfrey) that has been translated into ten languages (including Chinese), and co-author of Interop: The Promise and Perils of Highly Interconnected Systems (Basic Books, 2012, with John Palfrey). Recent book publications include Remembering and Forgetting in the Digital Age (Springer, 2018, co-editor) and Big Data, Health Law, and Bioethics (Cambridge University Press, 2018, co-editor).

Gasser’s research and teaching activities focus on information law, policy, and society issues and the changing role of academia in the digitally networked age. Current projects – several involving the Global Network of Internet and Society Centers, which he helped to incubate – focus on the governance of evolving and emerging technologies, such as cloud computing, the Internet of Things, augmented reality, and artificial intelligence, with a particular interest in privacy and security issues and the broader implications of these technologies, including questions of agency and autonomy. As a longer term research interest, he studies the patterns of interaction between law and innovation, and innovation with the legal system in the digital age. Gasser frequently acts as a commentator on digital technology, policy, and society issues for the US and European media.

Daniel J. Gervais is Milton R. Underwood Chair in Law and Director of the Intellectual Property Program, Vanderbilt Law School. He also holds a Chair in Information Law at the University of Amsterdam and a Professor II position at the University of Oslo. His work focuses on international intellectual property law, having spent ten years researching and addressing policy issues as a as legal officer at the World Trade Organization, as head of the Copyright Projects section of the World Intellectual Property Organization, and Deputy Secretary General of International Confederation of Societies of Authors and Composers, and Vice Chair of the International Federation of Reproduction Rights Organizations. He is the author of The TRIPS Agreement: Drafting History and Analysis, a leading guide to the text that governs international intellectual property rights (5th edition, 2021).

Before joining Vanderbilt Law School in 2008, Daniel Gervais served as acting dean and vice dean of the Common Law Section at the University of Ottawa. Before entering the academy, he practised law as a partner with the technology law firm BCF in Montreal. He was also a consultant with the Paris-based Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. He has been a visiting professor at numerous international universities and a visiting scholar at Stanford Law School. In 2012, he was the Gide Loyrette Nouel Visiting Chair at Sciences Po Law School in Paris. He served for ten years as editor-in-chief of the peer-reviewed Journal of World Intellectual Property. In 2012, he was the first North American law professor admitted to the Academy of Europe. In 2017–2019 he served as Chairman of the International Association for the Advancement of Teaching and Research in Intellectual Property (ATRIP). He is a member of the American Law Institute, where he serves as an Associate Reporter on the Restatement of the Law, Copyright project.

Kristina Irion is Associate Professor at the Institute for Information Law (IViR), University of Amsterdam. She is also the coordinator of the Research Master’s programme in Information Law and faculty organizer of the Annual IViR Summer Course on Privacy Law and Policy. Until 2017, she was Associate Professor at the School of Public Policy at Central European University in Budapest. Irion obtained her Dr. iuris degree in EU competition law in the communications sector from the Martin Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg, and holds a Master’s degree in Information Technology and Telecommunications Law from the University of Strathclyde, Glasgow. Before academia, she worked as a part-time legal officer at the Data Protection Authority in Berlin and as Senior Regulatory Counsel for a German mobile network operator. Irion also gained working experience as a trainee at the European Commission in Brussels and was a visiting fellow at the Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC) in Washington, DC.

Kristina Irion is an expert in information law and governance, data markets, and cross-border data flows. In 2016, she lead-authored a highly influential study which identifies possible tensions between EU data protection law and free trade agreements. As a Marie Curie Fellow, she accomplished her individual research project on Governing Digital Information, which explores how cloud computing transforms the (legal) relationship between individuals and their personal records. Irion was key personnel of four collaborative European research projects on privacy, independent media supervisory authorities, and building functioning media institutions. She frequently provides expertise to the European Parliament and the European Commission, the Council of Europe, the OECD, and civil society organizations.

Sebastian Klotz is Doctoral Fellow at the World Trade Institute of the University of Bern and a visiting researcher at the University of Oxford’s Department of Politics and International Relations. His research focuses on the governance of regulatory-standard setting and international trade. In this context, he explores the relationship between international standard–setting bodies and multilateral as well as plurilateral trade agreements. He presented his ongoing research at leading conferences including ECPR, EPSA, PEIO, and IPES.

Before joining the World Trade Institute, Sebastian worked as a Carlo Schmid Fellow and Trade and Competitiveness Consultant for the Office of the Chief Economist of the International Trade Centre, the joint agency of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, and the World Trade Organization. Prior to joining the International Trade Centre, he gathered work experience at the ifo Institute for Economic Research, the German–Mexican Chamber of Commerce and Industry and the University of Strathclyde.

Sebastian holds a Master in International Trade, Finance and Development jointly awarded by the Barcelona Graduate School of Economics, the Universitat Pompeu Fabra, and the Autonomous University of Barcelona in Spain. He completed his undergraduate studies at the University of Strathclyde and Tec de Monterrey, and graduated with a Bachelor’s in Economics with First Class Honours.

Patrick Leblond is Associate Professor and CN-Paul M. Tellier Chair on Business and Public Policy in the Graduate School of Public and International Affairs, University of Ottawa. He is also Senior Fellow at the Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI), Research Associate at CIRANO, and Affiliated Professor of International Business at HEC Montréal. Owing to his training and experience in business, economics and international relations, Leblond’s expertise relates to questions relating to global economic governance and international and comparative political economy, more specifically those that deal with international finance, international economic integration as well as business-government relations. His regional expertise focuses on Europe and North America. Before joining the University of Ottawa in 2008, Patrick was assistant professor of international business at HEC Montréal and director of the Réseau Économie Internationale (REI) at the Centre d’Études et de Recherches Internationales de l’Université de Montréal (CERIUM). He was also visiting scholar at the Institute for Research on Public Policy (IRPP). Before embarking on his academic career, Patrick worked in accounting and auditing for Ernst & Young (he holds the title of Chartered Accountant), as well as in corporate finance and strategy consulting for Arthur Andersen & Co. and SECOR Consulting.

Neha Mishra is a lecturer at the Australian National University’s College of Law. Previously she was a Postdoctoral Fellow at the Centre for International Law, National University of Singapore. Mishra completed her doctoral thesis at the University of Melbourne. Her doctoral thesis investigated how international trade agreements apply to government measures restricting cross-border digital data flows, and whether trade law can effectively align trade with Internet policy objectives. In course of her doctoral candidature, Mishra held visiting research positions at the Max Planck Institute Luxembourg and the World Trade Organization. She previously practised law with Herbert Smith Freehills LLP in London and Economic Laws Practice in Delhi. She also served as a lecturer at National Law School of India University, where she was teaching competition law and public international law. Mishra has completed her undergraduate degree in law from the National Law School Bangalore, LLM in Public International Law from the London School of Economics, and Master’s in Public Policy from the National University of Singapore. During her studies in Singapore, Neha Mishra interned with the Government Relations Teams at eBay Singapore and Microsoft Singapore, working on a wide variety of legal and policy issues related to Internet and digital trade regulation. She has published extensively in the field of international trade law, especially in relation to digital trade and cross-border data flows, as well as presented her research at various international fora.

Andrew D. Mitchell is Professor at the Faculty of Law, Monash University, and a member of the Indicative List of Panelists to hear WTO disputes. He has previously practised law with Allens Arthur Robinson (now Allens Linklaters) and consults for states, international organizations and the private sector. Andrew has taught law in Australia, Canada, Indonesia, Singapore, and the United States and is the recipient of five major grants from the Australian Research Council (including a Future Fellowship) and the Australian National Preventive Health Agency. He has published over 140 academic books and journal articles and is a series editor of the Oxford University Press International Economic Law Series and an editorial board member of the Journal of International Economic Law and the Journal of International Dispute Settlement. He has law degrees from Melbourne, Harvard, and Cambridge and is a barrister and solicitor of the Supreme Court of Victoria.

Rodrigo Polanco is Senior Researcher and Lecturer and Academic Coordinator of Advanced Master’s Programmes at the World Trade Institute, University of Bern. He is also a legal advisor at the Swiss Institute of Comparative Law, and a visiting professor at the University of Chile. He is a former assistant professor of International Economic Law at the University of Chile Faculty of Law, where he also served as the director of international affairs, and a former postdoctoral researcher at the University of Lucerne. He was a researcher and a coordinator of the SECO Project (which supported development of Regional Competence Centres for Trade Law and Policy in Peru, South Africa, Vietnam, Indonesia, and Chile) and of the SNIS Project (Diffusion of International Law: A Textual Analysis of International Investment Agreements). Rodrigo Polanco is also a published scholar and legal practitioner with experience in both the public and private sectors. He specializes in economic and international law, investment law, trade law, and air and space law. He holds a bachelor and a master of laws from Universidad de Chile School of Law, an LLM in International Legal Studies from New York University School of Law, and a PhD from the University of Bern. He is also a co-founder of Fiscalía del Medio Ambiente (FIMA), a Chilean non-profit organization working in public interest environmental cases, and teaching local communities and members of the judiciary on environmental law. He serves as member of the editorial board of their environmental law journal (Justicia Ambiental).

Xavier Seuba is Associate Professor of Law and Academic Coordinator and Scientific Responsible at the Center for International Intellectual Property Studies (CEIPI), University of Strasbourg. Xavier is also Coordinator of the CEIPI-BETA Project on the Law and Economics of Intellectual Property. He studied Law at the Universidad de Navarra and, after completing a master’s degree and an Advanced Studies Diploma in International Studies at Universitat Pompeu Fabra (2003), he received his doctorate in 2008 from this university with a thesis on health protection and the international regulation of pharmaceutical products. He teaches courses at various European and American universities for graduate and postgraduate students on Public International Law, International Economic Law, Intellectual Property Law, International Human Rights law, and International Health Law. His areas of technical expertise include pharmaceutical policies and law, intellectual property law, and technical standards regulation. In the area of intellectual property law, he predominantly works on issues related to patents and intellectual property enforcement. Xavier Seuba has advised several national governments on intellectual property and pharmaceuticals legislation, on issues of policy design, and in the context of free trade agreements negotiations. He has also been consultant for several international organizations, including the World Health Organization, the Pan-American Health Organization, the European Union, the Inter-American Development Bank, the Central America Integration System, the United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights and the United Nations Conference for Trade and Development. He has authored numerous papers, articles, book chapters, and books in his areas of expertise.

Aurelia Tamò-Larrieux is a Postdoctoral Fellow at the University of St. Gallen. Her research interests include privacy, especially privacy by design, data protection, social robots, automated decision-making, and trust in automation. Aurelia has published her PhD research on the topic of data protection by design and default for the Internet of Things in the book Designing for Privacy and its Legal Framework (Springer, 2018). Currently, she is working on her postdoctoral thesis with the working title Trust the Machine: Towards Trust-Enhancing Regulation of Algorithmic Systems.

Florent Thouvenin is Professor of Law and Chair for Information and Communication Law at the Center for Information Technology, Society, and Law (ITSL), University of Zurich. Florent Thouvenin completed his undergraduate, PhD and postdoctoral studies at the University of Zurich. He was a research assistant at the ETH Zurich and the University of Zurich, practised law at a Zurich corporate law firm, and was a senior fellow in a research project at the University of Zurich, as well as an assistant professor at the University of St. Gallen. His research focuses on copyright and matters of privacy and data protection in the digital society. The question at the forefront of his research is whether and how our privacy and data protection must be approached differently through the prism of the law and technology in the information society. His other research projects include the relationship between information and power, exclusive rights and access to data, and the growing personalization of advertising, agreements and pricing. Among other things, Florent Thouvenin is the chairman of the Center for Information Technology, Society and Law’s Steering Committee and director of the University of Zurich’s Digital Society Initiative. He is also the managing director and a member of the Board of the Swiss Forum for Communications Law.

Joris van Hoboken is Associate Professor at the Institute for Information Law (IViR), University of Amsterdam and Professor of Law at the Interdisciplinary Research Group on Law Science Technology and Society (LSTS), Vrije Universiteit Brussel. Van Hoboken works on the intersection of fundamental rights protection and the governance of platforms and Internet-based services. More generally, his research addresses law and policy in the field of digital media, electronic communications and the Internet, with a focus on the fundamental rights to data privacy and freedom of expression and transatlantic relations. He is a specialist in data privacy and the regulation of Internet intermediaries and algorithmic governance. Among other appointments, van Hoboken is a member of the European Commission’s Observatory on the Online Platform Economy, and a member of the Steering Group of the Transatlantic High-Level Working Group on Content Moderation Online and Freedom of Expression.

Previously, Joris van Hoboken was a postdoctoral research fellow at the Information Law Institute (ILI) at New York University, School of Law (2013–2016), a visiting scholar at the NYU Stern Center for Business and Human Rights (2015–2016), and a lecturer at CornellTech (2016). In 2008, he was a visiting scholar at the Berkman Klein Center for Internet and Society at Harvard University. Between 2007 and 2017, van Hoboken served on the board of directors of the Dutch digital rights organization Bits of Freedom.

Joris van Hoboken obtained his PhD from the University of Amsterdam on the topic of search engines and freedom of expression (2012) and has graduate degrees in Law (2006, University of Amsterdam, cum laude) and Theoretical Mathematics (2002, University of Amsterdam, cum laude). For his PhD thesis, he received the award of the Praemium Erasmianum Foundation. Van Hoboken is a regular speaker at international events and conferences and has conducted research for the European Commission, ENISA, UNESCO, Upturn, and The Open Society Foundation. His work has been covered in NRC Handelsblad, De Correspondent, the Dutch evening news, Bloomberg News, the Wall Street Journal, and the Financial Times.

Svetlana Yakovleva is Postdoctoral Researcher at the Institute for Information Law (IViR), University of Amsterdam, and Senior Legal Adviser at De Brauw Blackstone Westbroek, Amsterdam. Svetlana Yakovleva’s primary research interests lie at the intersection of data privacy and cybersecurity law, human rights and international trade law. Her recent research proposes a way to balance the fundamental right to data privacy and the liberalization of international trade. Her research has been published in several well-known journals, such as Common Market Law Review, University of Miami Law Review, and World Trade Review. She received a degree in law (cum laude) from the National Research University Higher School of Economics (Moscow) in 2005. She also holds an LLM degree in Law and Economics (EMLE) from the Erasmus University, Rotterdam, and the University of Hamburg (2007), and a research master degree in information law from the IViR (2016). Between 2007 and 2014, Yakovleva worked at the Moscow office of Debevoise & Plimpton LLP, as independent legal counsel and as corporate legal counsel for Allianz Partners Russia. She also provided legal and methodological advice for the e-Government project of the Russian Government.