Hostname: page-component-77f85d65b8-t6st2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-04-17T17:02:42.816Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of energy intake on the performance of different types of pig from 45 to 100 kg body weight. 1. Protein and lipid deposition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 September 2010

N. Quiniou ,
J.-Y. Dourmad  and
J. Noblet
N. Quiniou
Affiliation:
Station de Rercherches Porcines, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 35590 St-Gilles, France
J.-Y. Dourmad
Affiliation:
Station de Rercherches Porcines, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 35590 St-Gilles, France
J. Noblet
Affiliation:
Station de Rercherches Porcines, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 35590 St-Gilles, France
Get access

Abstract

Between 45 and 100 kg body weight, Large White castrated males (cLW), and crossbred Pietrain × Large White castrated males fcPP×) and boars (bPP×) were either given food ad libitum in experiment 1 or allocated to four energy levels (0·70, 0·80, 0·90, 1·00 ad libitum) in experiment 2. Daily protein and amino acid supplies were calculated to be non-limiting for growth. Protein (PD) and lipid (LD) deposition rates were measured according to the comparative slaughter technique over the whole experimental period (experiments 1 and 2) and according to the nitrogen and energy balance technique at four stages of growth: 48, 64, 79 and 94 kg mean body weight (experiment 2). Average daily gain increased linearly with metabolizable energy (ME) intake, the slope of the relationship being significantly different between types of pig (from −28 to +36 g per additional MJ ME). Daily PD increased with ME intake above maintenance (MEp) according to a linear-plateau relationship in the three types of pig: the slope was significantly affected by type of pig (from +3·4 to 6·0 g per extra MJ MEp) but not by stage of growth. Daily LD increased linearly with MEp intake; neither the type of pig nor the stage of growth affected its slope (+13-5 g per extra MJ MEp). The LD/PD ratio in the extra body-weight gain associated with increased energy intake was affected only by the type of pig.

Keywords

energy intakegenotypeslipid retentionpigsprotein retention

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Science , Volume 63 , Issue 2 , October 1996 , pp. 277 - 288
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 1996

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Agricultural Research Council. 1981. The nutrient requirements of pigs. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Slough.Google Scholar
Bikker, P. 1994. Protein and lipid accretion in body components of growing pigs: effects of body weight and nutrient intake. Ph.D. thesis, Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen.Google Scholar
Black, J. L., Campbell, R. G., Williams, I. H., James, K. J. and Davies, G. T. 1986. Simulation of energy and amino acid utilization in the pig. Research and Development in Agriculture 3:121–145.Google Scholar
Bonneau, M., Mourot, J., Noblet, J., Lefaucheur, L. and Bidanel, J.-P. 1990. Tissue development in Meishan pigs: muscle and fat development and metabolism and growth regulation by somatotropic hormone. In Symposium sur le pore chinois, Federation Europeenne de Zootechnie (ed. Molenat, M. and Legault, C.), pp. 203–213.Google Scholar
Brouwer, E. 1965. Report of sub-committee on constants and factors. In Energy metabolism (ed. Blaxter, K. L.), pp. 441–443. Academic Press, London.Google Scholar
Campbell, R. G. and Taverner, M. R. 1988. Genotype and sex effects on the relationship between energy intake and protein deposition in growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science 66: 676–686.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Campbell, R. G., Taverner, M. R. and Curie, D. M. 1985. Effect of sex and energy intake between 48-90 kg live weight on protein deposition in growing pigs. Animal Production 40: 497–503.Google Scholar
Carr, J. R., Boorman, K. N. and Cole, D. J. A. 1977. Nitrogen retention in the pig. British Journal of Nutrition 37: 143–155.Google Scholar
Cole, D. J. A., Duckworth, J. E. and Holmes, W. 1967. Factors affecting voluntary feed intake in pigs. 1. The effect of digestible energy content of the diet on the intake of castrated male pigs housed in holding pens and in metabolism crates. Animal Production 9:141–148.Google Scholar
Fuller, M. F., Franklin, M. F., McWilliam, R. and Pennie, K. 1995. The response of growing pigs, of different sex and genotype, to dietary energy and protein. Animal Science 60: 291–298.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fuller, M. F., McWilliam, R., Wang, T. C. and Giles, L. R. 1989. The optimum dietary amino acid pattern for growing pigs. 2. Requirements for maintenance and for tissue protein accretion. British Journal of Nutrition 62: 255–267.Google Scholar
Greef, K. H. de. 1992. Prediction of production. Nutrition induced tissue partitioning in growing pigs. Ph.D. thesis, Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen.Google Scholar
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique. 1989. [Feeding monogastrics (pigs, rabbits, poultry).] INRA, Paris.Google Scholar
Kotarbinska, M. and Kielanowski, J. 1967. Energy balance studies with growing pigs by the comparative slaughter technique. In Energy metabolism of farm animals (ed. Blaxter, K. L., Kielanowski, J. and Thorbek, G.), European Association of Animal Production publication no. 12, pp. 299–310.Google Scholar
Kyriazakis, I. and Emmans, G. C. 1992. The effects of varying protein and energy intakes on the growth and body composition of pigs: the effects of energy intake at constant, high protein intake. British Journal of Nutrition 68: 603–613.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Le Cozier, Y., Dubois, S. and Noblet, J. 1995. Components of heat production in pigs: effect of stage of growth and genotype. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 54: 18A.Google Scholar
Noblet, J., Henry, Y. and Dubois, S. 1987. Effect of protein and lysine levels in the diet on body gain composition and energy utilization in growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science 65: 717–726.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Noblet, J., Karege, C. and Dubois, S. 1991. Influence of growth potential on energy requirement for maintenance in growing pigs. In Energy metabolism of farm animals (ed. Wenk, C. and Boessinger, M.), European Association of Animal Production publication no. 58, pp. 107–110.Google Scholar
Noblet, J., Karege, C. and Dubois, S. 1994. [Effect of body composition on energy requirements and feed efficiency in growing pigs.] Journées de la Recherche Porcine en France 26: 267–276.Google Scholar
Quiniou, N. 1995. [Effect of growth potential on energy utilization in pigs: contribution to modelling nutritional requirements and body composition.] Ph.D. thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Rennes.Google Scholar
Quiniou, N., Noblet, J. and Dubois, S. 1995a. Effect of dietary crude protein level on protein and energy balances in growing pigs: comparison of two measurement methods. Livestock Production Science 41: 51–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Quiniou, N., Noblet, J., Milgen, J. van and Dourmad, J.-Y. 1995b. Effect of energy intake on performance, nutrient and tissue gain and protein and energy utilization in growing boars. Animal Science 61: 133–143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seve, B. and Henry, Y. 1995. Protein utilization in nonruminants. In Protein metabolism and nutrition. Proceedings of the seventh symposium on protein metabolism and nutrition (ed. Nunes, A. F., Portugal, A. V., Costa, J. P. and Ribeiro, J. R.), pp. 59–82. European Association for Animal Production.Google Scholar
Statistical Analysis Systems Institute. 1990. User's guide: statistics, version 6, 4th ed. Statistical Analysis Systems Institute, Inc., Cary, NC.Google Scholar
Susenbeth, A. 1995. Factors affecting lysine utilization in growing pigs: an analysis of literature data. Livestock Production Science 43:193–204.Google Scholar
Thorbek, G. 1975. Studies on energy metabolism in growing pigs. Beretning fra Statens Hudyrbrugsforsøg. N 424: 159 pp, Copenhagen.Google Scholar
Thorbek, G., Chwalibog, A. and Henckel, S. 1984. Nutrition and energy metabolism in pigs of Danish Landrace from 20 to 120 kg live weight. Beretning, Status Hudyrbrugsforsøg.Google Scholar
Whittemore, C. T. and Fawcett, R. H. 1976. Theoretical aspects of a flexible model to simulate protein and lipid growth in pigs. Animal Production 22: 87–96.Google Scholar
Whittemore, C. T., Tullis, J. B. and Emmans, G. C. 1988. Protein growth in pigs. Animal Production 46:437–445.CrossRefGoogle Scholar