Element contents
Series: Elements in Public Policy
Policy Entrepreneurs and Dynamic Change
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 October 2019
Summary
Policy entrepreneurs are energetic actors who engage in collaborative efforts in and around government to promote policy innovations. Interest in policy entrepreneurs has grown over recent years. Increasingly, they are recognized as a unique class of political actors, who display common attributes, deploy common strategies, and can propel dynamic shifts in societal practices. This Element assesses the current state of knowledge on policy entrepreneurs, their actions, and their impacts. It explains how various global forces are creating new demand for policy entrepreneurship, and suggests directions for future research on policy entrepreneurs and their efforts to drive dynamic change.
Information
- Type
- Element
- Information
- Series: Elements in Public PolicyOnline ISBN: 9781108605946Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication: 07 November 2019
Bibliography
Acuto, M. 2013. ‘The New Climate Leaders?’ Review of International Studies 39(4): 835–57.Google Scholar
Allison, G. T. 1971. Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis. Boston: Little, Brown & Company.Google Scholar
Anderson, S. E., DeLeo, R. A. and Taylor, K.. 2019. ‘Policy Entrepreneurs, Legislators, and Agenda Setting: Information and Influence.’ Policy Studies Journal, https://doi.org/10.1111/psj.12331.Google Scholar
Arieli, T., and Cohen, N.. 2013. ‘Policy Entrepreneurs and Post-Conflict Cross-Border Cooperation: A Conceptual Framework and the Israeli–Jordanian Case.’ Policy Sciences 46 (3): 237–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arnold, G., Nguyen Long, L. A. and Gottlieb, M.. 2017. ‘Social Networks and Policy Entrepreneurship: How Relationships Shape Municipal Decision Making about High‐Volume Hydraulic Fracturing.’ Policy Studies Journal 45 (3): 414–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bakir, C., and Jarvis, D. S. L.. 2017. ‘Contextualising the Context in Policy Entrepreneurship and Institutional Change.’ Policy and Society 36 (4): 465–78.Google Scholar
Battilana, J., Leca, B. and Boxenbaum, E.. 2009. ‘How Actors Change Institutions: Towards a Theory of Institutional Entrepreneurship.’ Academy of Management Annals 3(1): 65–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baumgartner, F. R., and Jones, B. D.. 1993. Agendas and Instability in American Politics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Baumgartner, F. R., and Leech, B. L.. 1998.Basic Interests: The Importance of Groups in Politics and in Political Science. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Berry, F. S., and Berry, W. D.. 2018. ‘Innovation and Diffusion Models in Policy Research.’ In Theories of the Policy Process. Eds Weible, Christopher M. and Sabatier, Paul A., New York: Routledge, pp. 263–308.Google Scholar
Berry, J. M., and Wilcox, C.. 2018. The Interest Group Society, fifth edition. New York: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Betsill, M., and Bulkeley, H.. 2007. ‘Looking Back and Thinking Ahead: A Decade of Cities and Climate Change Research.’ Local Environment 12 (5): 447–56.Google Scholar
Bornstein, D., and Davis, S.. 2010. Social Entrepreneurship: What Everyone Needs to Know. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Boushey, G. 2010. Policy Diffusion Dynamics in America. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boushey, G. 2012. ‘Punctuated Equilibrium Theory and the Diffusion of Innovations.’ Policy Studies Journal 40 (1): 127–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brannback, M., and Carsrud, A.. 2015. Fundamentals for Becoming a Successful Entrepreneur: From Business Idea to Launch and Management. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson FT Press.Google Scholar
Brouwer, S. 2015. Policy Entrepreneurs in Water Governance. New York: Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burt, R. S. 2000. ‘The Network Structure of Social Capital.’ Research in Organizational Behaviour 22: 345–423.Google Scholar
Cairney, P. 2013. ‘Standing on the Shoulders of Giants: How Do We Combine the Insights of Multiple Theories in Public Policy Studies?’ Policy Studies Journal 41 (1): 1–21.Google Scholar
Cairney, P., and Jones, M. D.. 2016. ‘Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Approach: What Is the Empirical Impact of this Universal Theory?’ Policy Studies Journal 44 (1): 37–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carter, N., and Jacobs, M.. 2014. ‘Explaining Radical Policy Change: The Case of Climate Change and Energy Policy under the British Labour Government 2006–10.’ Public Administration 92 (1): 125–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Casson, M. 1982. The Entrepreneur: An Economic Theory. London: Rowman and Littlefield.Google Scholar
Casson, M., and Giusta, M. D.. 2007. ‘Entrepreneurship and Social Capital: Analysing the Impact of Social Networks on Entrepreneurial Activity from a Rational Action Perspective.’ International Small Business Journal 25 (3): 220–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Christopoulos, D., and Ingold, K.. 2015. ‘Exceptional or Just Well Connected? Political Entrepreneurs and Brokers in Policy Making.’ European Political Science Review 7 (3): 475–98.Google Scholar
Cohen, M. D., March, J. G. and Olsen, J. P.. 1972. ‘A Garbage Can Model of Organizational Choice.’ Administrative Science Quarterly 17 (1): 1–25.Google Scholar
Collins, J. 2001. Good to Great: Why Some Companies Make the Leap … and Others Don’t.New York: Harperbusiness.Google Scholar
Davies, S. E., and True, J.. 2017. ‘Norm Entrepreneurship in Foreign Policy: William Hague and the Prevention of Sexual Violence in Conflict.’ Foreign Policy Analysis 13 (3): 701–21.Google Scholar
Deci, E. L., and Ryan, R. M.. 1985. Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior. New York: Plenum.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Derthick, M., and Quirk, P.. 1985. The Politics of Deregulation. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution Press.Google Scholar
Dewulf, A., and Bouwen, R.. 2012. ‘Issue Framing in Conversations for Change: Discursive Interaction Strategies for “Doing Differences”.’ The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science 48 (2): 168–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dixit, A. K., and Nalebuff, B.. 2008. The Art of Strategy: A Game Theorist’s Guide to Success in Business and Life. New York: W W Norton & Company.Google Scholar
Dolowitz, D., and Marsh, D.. 1996. ‘Who Learns What from Whom: A Review of the Policy Transfer Literature.’ Political Studies 44 (2): 343–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drummond, W. J. 2010. ‘Statehouse Versus Greenhouse: Have State-Level Climate Action Planners and Policy Entrepreneurs Reduced Greenhouse Gas Emissions?’ Journal of the American Planning Association 76 (4): 413–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dudley, G. 2013. ‘Why Do Ideas Succeed and Fail Over Time?: The Role of Narratives in Policy Windows and the Case of the London Congestion Charge.’ Journal of European Public Policy 20 (8): 1139–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dye, T. R. 1976. Who’s Running America?: Institutional Leadership in the United States. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
Dye, T. R. 2014. Who’s Running America? The Obama Reign, eighth edition. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Easton, D. 1969. ‘The New Revolution in Political Science.’ American Political Science Review 63 (4): 1051–61.Google Scholar
Ericsson, K. A., Prietula, M. J. and Cokely, E. T.. 2007. ‘The Making of an Expert.’ Harvard Business Review 85: 115–21.Google Scholar
Evans, P. B., Rueschemeyer, D. and Skocpol, T. (eds). 1985. Bringing the State Back In. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Faling, M., Biesbroek, R., Karlsson-Vinkhuyzen, S. and Termeer, K.. 2018. ‘Policy Entrepreneurship across Boundaries: A Systematic Literature Review.’ Journal of Public Policy 39 (2): 393–422.Google Scholar
Falleti, T. G. 2010. ‘Infiltrating the State: The Evolution of Health Care Reforms in Brazil, 1964–1988.’ In Explaining Institutional Change: Ambiguity, Agency, and Power. Eds Mahoney, J. and Thelen, K. A., New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 38–62.Google Scholar
Feldman, M. S., and Khademian, A. M.. 2002. ‘To Manage Is to Govern.’ Public Administration Review 62: 541–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feiock, R. C., and Bae, J.. 2011. ‘Politics, Institutions and Entrepreneurship: City Decisions Leading to inventoried GHG Emissions.’ Carbon Management 2 (4): 443–53.Google Scholar
Fisher, R, Ury, W. L. and Patton, B.. 1991. Getting to YES: Negotiating Agreement without Giving In, second edition. Hammondsworth: Penguin.Google Scholar
Frisch-Aviram, N., Cohen, N. and Beeri, I.. 2018. ‘Low-Level Bureaucrats, Local Government Regimes and Policy Entrepreneurship.’ Policy Sciences 51 (1): 39–57.Google Scholar
Frisch-Aviram, N., Cohen, N. and Beeri, I.. 2019. ‘Wind(ow) of Change: A Systematic Review of Policy Entrepreneurship Characteristics and Strategies.’ Policy Studies Journal, https://doi.org/10.1111/psj.12339.Google Scholar
Geva-May, I. 2004. ‘Riding the Wave of Opportunity: Termination in Public Policy.’ Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 14: 309–33.Google Scholar
Glick, H. R., and Hays, S. P.. 1991. ‘Innovation and Reinvention in State Policymaking: Theory and the Evolution of Living Will Laws.’ The Journal of Politics 53 (3): 835–50.Google Scholar
Goldfinch, S., and ‘t Hart, P.. 2003. ‘Leadership and Institutional Reform: Engineering Macroeconomic Policy Change in Australia.’ Governance 16: 235–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hajime, S. 1999. ‘The Advocacy Coalition Framework and the Policy Process Analysis: The Case of Smoking Control in Japan.’ Policy Studies Journal 27: 28–44.Google Scholar
Hall, P. A., and Taylor, R. C.. 1996. ‘Political Science and the Three New Institutionalisms.’ Political Studies 44 (5): 936–57.Google Scholar
Hammond, D. R. 2013. ‘Policy Entrepreneurship in China’s Response to Urban Poverty.’ Policy Studies Journal 41 (1): 119–46.Google Scholar
He, A. J. 2018. ‘Manoeuvring within a Fragmented Bureaucracy: Policy Entrepreneurship in China’s Local Healthcare Reform’. The China Quarterly 236: 1088–110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heifetz, R. A. 1994. Leadership without Easy Answers. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Henig, J. R. 2008. Spin Cycle: How Research Gets Used in Policy Debates – The Case of Charter Schools. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.Google Scholar
Herweg, N., Zahariadis, N. and Zohlnhöfer, R.. 2018. ‘The Multiple Streams Framework: Foundations, Refinements, and Empirical Applications.’ Chapter 1 in Theories of the Policy Process, fourth edition. Eds Weible, C. and Sabatier, P. A.. New York: Routledge, pp. 17–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Howlett, M., and Ramesh, M.. 2016. ‘Achilles’ Heels of Governance: Critical Capacity Deficits and Their Role in Governance Failures.’ Regulation and Governance 10 (4): 301–13.Google Scholar
Huitema, D., Lebel, L. and Meijerink, S.. 2011. ‘The Strategies of Policy Entrepreneurs in Water Transitions around the World.’ Water Policy 13 (5): 717–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jobs, S. 1997. ‘Here’s to the Crazy Ones.’ Narrative on Apple’s Think Different commercial. www.youtube.com/watch?v=-z4NS2zdrZc, last accessed 19 September 2019.Google Scholar
John, P. 1999. ‘Ideas and Interests; Agendas and Implementation: An Evolutionary Explanation of Policy Change in British Local Government Finance.’ British Journal of Politics and International Relations 1: 39–62.Google Scholar
John, P. 2003. ‘Is There Life after Policy Streams, Advocacy Coalitions, and Punctuations?: Using Evolutionary Theory to Explain Policy Change.’ Policy Studies Journal 31: 481–98.Google Scholar
Kalafatis, S. E., and Lemos, M. C.. 2017. ‘The Emergence of Climate Change Policy Entrepreneurs in Urban Regions.’ Regional Environmental Change 17 (6): 1791–9.Google Scholar
Kalil, T. 2017. ‘Policy Entrepreneurship at the White House: Getting Things Done in Large Organizations.’ Innovations: Technology, Governance, Globalization 11 (3–4): 4–21.Google Scholar
Kammerer, M., and Namhata, C.. 2018. ‘What Drives the Adoption of Climate Change Mitigation Policy? A Dynamic Network Approach to Policy Diffusion.’ Policy Sciences 51 (4): 477–513.Google Scholar
Kern, K., and Bulkeley, H.. 2009. ‘Cities, Europeanization and Multi‐Level Governance: Governing Climate Change through Transnational Municipal Networks.’ Journal of Common Market Studies 47 (2): 309–32.Google Scholar
Kingdon, J. W. 1984 [2011]. Agendas, Alternatives, and Public Policies, third edition. Boston: Little, Brown & Company.Google Scholar
Kirkpatrick, K. J., and Stoutenborough, J. W. 2018. ‘Strategy, Narratives, and Reading the Public: Developing a Micro‐Level Theory of Political Strategies within the Narrative Policy Framework.’ Policy Studies Journal 46 (4): 949–77.Google Scholar
Kirzner, I. M. 1973. ‘Entrepreneurship and the Equilibrating Process.’ In Competition and Entrepreneurship. Ed. Kirzner, I. M., Chicago: Mifflin.Google Scholar
Kirzner, I. M. 1997. ‘Entrepreneurial Discovery and the Competitive Market Process: An Austrian Approach.’ Journal of Economic Literature 35 (1): 60–85.Google Scholar
Klein, J. 2006. For All These Rights: Business, Labor, and the Shaping of America’s Public-Private Welfare State. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Knoke, D. 1990. ‘Networks of Political Action: Toward Theory Construction.’ Social Forces 68 (4): 1041–63.Google Scholar
Knott, J. H., and McCarthy, D.. 2007. ‘Policy Venture Capital: Foundations, Government Partnerships, and Child Care Programs.’ Administration and Society 39 (3): 319–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kolderie, T. 2008. ‘How the idea of ‘Chartering’ Schools Came About.’ Minnesota Journal 5 (June): 5–6.Google Scholar
Lemov, D. 2010. Teach like a Champion: 49 Techniques that Put Students on the Path to College (K-12), second edition. New York: John Wiley and Sons.Google Scholar
Levin, M. A., and Sanger, M. B.. 1994. Making Government Work: How Entrepreneurial Executives Turn Bright Ideas into Real Results. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.Google Scholar
Lindblom, C. E., 1959. ‘The Science of Muddling Through.’ Public Administration Review 19 (2): 79–88.Google Scholar
Lindblom, C. E. 1979. ‘Still Muddling, Not Yet Through.’ Public Administration Review 39 (6): 517–26.Google Scholar
Litfin, K. T. 2000. ‘Advocacy Coalitions along the Domestic-Foreign Frontier: Globalization and Canadian Climate Change Policy.’ Policy Studies Journal 28: 236–52.Google Scholar
Lubell, M., Scholz, J., Berardo, R. and Robbins, G.. 2012. ‘Testing Policy Theory with Statistical Models of Networks.’ Policy Studies Journal 40 (3): 351–74.Google Scholar
Mack, W. R., Green, D. and Vedlitz, A.. 2008. ‘Innovation and Implementation in the Public Sector: An Examination of Public Entrepreneurship.’ Review of Policy Research 25 (3): 233–52.Google Scholar
Majone, G. 1996. ‘Public Policy and Administration: Ideas, Interests and Institutions.’ In A New Handbook of Political Science. Ed. Goodin, Robert E. and Klingemann, Hans-Dieter, New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 610–27.Google Scholar
March, J. G., and Olsen, J. P.. 1983. ‘The New Institutionalism: Organizational Factors in Political Life.’ American Political Science Review 78 (3): 734–49.Google Scholar
March, J. G., and Olsen, J. P.. 1989. Rediscovering Institutions: The Organizational Basis of Politics. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Margolit, Angela, and Kopp, Caryn (eds). (2019). Lessons beyond the Obvious: The Entrepreneur’s Handbook. Savannah, GA: Angela Margolit.Google Scholar
Marsh, D. and Sharman, J. C.. 2009. ‘Policy Diffusion and Policy Transfer.’ Policy Studies 30 (3): 269–88.Google Scholar
Mazzeo, M., Oyer, P. E. and Schaefer, S. J.. 2014. The Roadside MBA: Backroad Lessons for Entrepreneurs, Executives and Small Business Owners. New York: Business Plus.Google Scholar
McCubbins, M. D., and Schwartz., T. 1984. ‘Congressional Oversight Overlooked: Police Patrols Versus Fire Alarms.’ American Journal of Political Science 28 (1): 165–79.Google Scholar
McGranahan, G., Balk, D. and Anderson, B.. 2007. ‘The Rising Tide: Assessing the Risks of Climate Change and Human Settlements in Low Elevation Coastal Zones.’ Environment and Urbanization 19 (1): 17–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meier, D. 2002. The Power of Their Ideas: Lessons for America from a Small School in Harlem. Boston: Beacon Press.Google Scholar
Meier, K., and O’Toole, L. J.. 2001. ‘Managerial Strategies and Behaviour in Networks: A Model with Evidence from US Public Administration.’ Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 11 (3): 271–94.Google Scholar
Meijerink, S. 2005. ‘Understanding Policy Stability and Change: The Interplay of Advocacy Coalitions and Epistemic Communities, Windows of Opportunity, and Dutch Coastal Flooding Policy 1945–2003.’ Journal of European Public Policy 12: 1060–77.Google Scholar
Melvern, L. 2013. ‘Aloisea Inyumba: Politician Who Played a Key Role in the Rebuilding of Rwanda’ The Independent, 8 March, www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/aloisea-inyumba-politician-who-played-a-key-role-in-the-rebuilding-of-rwanda-8527166.html, last accessed 28 February 2019.Google Scholar
Metaxas, E. 2007. Amazing Grace: William Wilberforce and the Heroic Campaign to End Slavery. New York: HarperCollins.Google Scholar
Mettler, S. 1998. Dividing Citizens: Gender and Federalism in New Deal Public Policy. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Mettler, S. 2007. Soldiers to Citizens: The G.I. Bill and the Making of the Greatest Generation. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Mintrom, M. 1997a. ‘The State-Local Nexus in Policy Innovation Diffusion: The Case of School Choice.’ Publius: The Journal of Federalism 27: 41–60.Google Scholar
Mintrom, M. 1997b. ‘Policy Entrepreneurs and the Diffusion of Innovation.’ American Journal of Political Science 41: 738–70.Google Scholar
Mintrom, M. 2000. Policy Entrepreneurs and School Choice. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.Google Scholar
Mintrom, M. 2003. People Skills for Policy Analysts. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.Google Scholar
Mintrom, M. 2013. ‘Policy Entrepreneurs and Controversial Science: Governing Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research.’ Journal of European Public Policy 20: 442–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mintrom, M. 2014 ‘Creating Cultures of Excellence: Strategies and Outcomes.’ Cogent Education 1 (1): 1–14.Google Scholar
Mintrom, M. 2015. ‘Policy Entrepreneurs and Morality Politics: Learning from Failure and Success.’ Chapter 8 in Entrepreneurship in the Polis: Contested Entrepreneurs and Dynamics of Change in Diverse Contexts. Eds Narbutaite Aflaki, I., Miles, L. and Petridou, E., Farnham: Ashgate Publishing, pp. 103–18.Google Scholar
Mintrom, M., and Luetjens, J.. 2017. ‘Policy Entrepreneurs and Problem Framing: The Case of Climate Change.’ Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space 35 (8): 1362–77.Google Scholar
Mintrom, M., and Norman, P.. 2009. ‘Policy Entrepreneurship and Policy Change.’ Policy Studies Journal 37: 649–67.Google Scholar
Mintrom, M., Salisbury, C. and Luetjens, J.. 2014. ‘Policy Entrepreneurs and the Promotion of Australian State Knowledge Economies.’ Australian Journal of Political Science 49 (3): 423–38.Google Scholar
Mintrom, M., and Thomas, M.. 2018. ‘Policy Entrepreneurs and Collaborative Action: Pursuit of the Sustainable Development Goals.’ International Journal of Entrepreneurial Venturing 10 (2): 153–71.Google Scholar
Mintrom, M., and Vergari, S.. 1996. ‘Advocacy Coalitions, Policy Entrepreneurs, and Policy Change.’ Policy Studies Journal 24: 420–34.Google Scholar
Mintrom, M., and Vergari, S.. 1998. ‘Policy Networks and Innovation Diffusion: The Case of State Education Reforms.’ Journal of Politics 60: 126–48.Google Scholar
Mintrom, M., and Vergari, S.. 2009. ‘Foundation Engagement in Education Policymaking: Assessing Philanthropic Support of School Choice initiatives.’ In Foundations and Public Policy: Leveraging Philanthropic Dollars, Knowledge, and Networks for Greater Impact. Ed. Ferris, J. M., New York: The Foundation Center, pp.243–78.Google Scholar
Mohr, L. B. 1969. ‘Determinants of Innovation in Organizations.’ American Political Science Review 63 (1): 111–26.Google Scholar
Mooney, C. Z., and Lee, M. H.. 1995. ‘Legislative Morality in the American States: The Case of pre-Roe Abortion Regulation Reform.’ American Journal of Political Science 39 (3): 599–627.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Munyaneza, J. 2012. ‘The Passing of an Icon.’ New Times, 7 December, www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/60545, last accessed 28 February 2019.Google Scholar
Narbutaite Aflaki, I., Miles, L. and Petridou, E. (eds). 2015. Entrepreneurship in the Polis: Contested Entrepreneurs and Dynamics of Change in Diverse Contexts. Farnham: Ashgate Publishing.Google Scholar
Nathan, J. 1997. Charter Schools: Creating Hope and Opportunity for American Education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Inc.Google Scholar
Navot, D., and Cohen, N.. 2015. ‘How Policy Entrepreneurs Reduce Corruption in Israel.’ Governance 28 (1): 61–76.Google Scholar
Nelson, B. 1984. Making an Issue of Child Abuse. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
North, D. C. 1990. Institutions, Institutional Change, and Economic Performance. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Oborn, E., Barrett, M. and Exworthy, M.. 2011. ‘Policy Entrepreneurship in the Development of Public Sector Strategy: The Case of London Health Reform.’ Public Administration 89 (2): 325–44.Google Scholar
Oliver, T. R., and Paul-Shaheen, P.. 1997. ‘Translating Ideas into Actions: Entrepreneurial Leadership in State Health Care Reforms.’ Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 22 (3): 721–89.Google Scholar
Peters, B. G. 1994. ‘Agenda‐setting in the European Community.’ Journal of European Public Policy 1 (1): 9–26.Google Scholar
Petridou, E. 2014. ‘Theories of the Policy Process: Contemporary Scholarship and Future Directions.’ Policy Studies Journal 42: S12–S32.Google Scholar
Petridou, E. 2016. Political Entrepreneurship in Swedish: Towards a (Re)Theorization of Entrepreneurial Agency. A doctoral thesis. Mid Sweden University, Östersund.Google Scholar
Polsby, N. W. 1985. Political Innovation in America: The Politics of Policy Initiation. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Powell, W. W., and DiMaggio, P. J. (eds). 1991. The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Provost, C. 2003. ‘State Attorneys General, Entrepreneurship, and Consumer Protection in the New Federalism.’ Publius: The Journal of Federalism 33 (2): 37–53.Google Scholar
Quinn, R. E. 2000.Change the World: How Ordinary People Can Achieve Extraordinary Results. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.Google Scholar
Quinn, R. W., and Quinn, R. E.. 2009. Lift: Becoming a Positive Force in Any Situation. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Publishers.Google Scholar
Rabe, B. G. 2004. Statehouse and Greenhouse: The Emerging Politics of American Climate Change Policy. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.Google Scholar
Roberts, N. C., and King, P. J.. 1991. ‘Policy Entrepreneurs: Their Activity Structure and Function in the Policy Process.’ Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 1 (2): 147–75.Google Scholar
Roberts, N. C., and King, P. J.. 1996. Transforming Public Policy: Dynamics of Policy Entrepreneurship and Innovation. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.Google Scholar
Rochefort, D. A., and Cobb, R. W. (eds). 1994. The Politics of Problem Definition: Shaping the Policy Agenda. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas.Google Scholar
Rogers, E. 1962 [2003]. Diffusion of Innovation, fifth edition. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Sabatier, P. A. 1988. ‘An Advocacy Coalition Framework of Policy Change and the Role of Policy-Oriented Learning Therein.’ Policy Sciences 21 (2–3): 129–68.Google Scholar
Sabatier, P. A., and Jenkins-Smith, H.. 1993. Policy Change and Learning: An Advocacy Coalition Approach. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Scharpf, F. 1997. Games Real Actors Play. Actor-Centered Institutionalism in Policy Research. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Schattschneider, E. E. 1960. The Semisovereign People: A Realist’s View of Democracy in America. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.Google Scholar
Schneider, A. L., and Ingram, H.. 1993. Policy Design for Democracy. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas.Google Scholar
Schneider, M., and Teske, P.. 1992. ‘Toward a Theory of the Political Entrepreneur: Evidence from Local Government.’ American Political Science Review 86 (3): 737–47.Google Scholar
Schneider, M., and Teske, P., with Mintrom, M.. 1995. Public Entrepreneurs: Agents for Change in American Government. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Schön, D., and Rein, M.. 1994. Frame Reflection: Toward the Resolution of Intractable Policy Controversies. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Schreurs, M. A. 2008. ‘From the Bottom Up: Local and Subnational Climate Change Politics.’ The Journal of Environment and Development 17 (4): 343–55.Google Scholar
Schumpeter, J. A. 1934. The Theory of Economic Development, trans. Redvers Opie. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Sheingate, A. D. 2003. ‘Political Entrepreneurship, Institutional Change, and American Political Development.’ Studies in American Political Development 17 (2): 185–203.Google Scholar
Shipan, C. R., and Volden, C.. 2008. ‘The Mechanisms of Policy Diffusion.’ American Journal of Political Science 52 (4): 840–57.Google Scholar
Shipan, C. R., and Volden, C.. 2012. ‘Policy Diffusion: Seven Lessons for Scholars and Practitioners.’ Public Administration Review 72 (6): 788–96.Google Scholar
Shpaizman, I., Swed, O. and Pedahzur, A.. 2016. ‘Policy Change Inch by Inch: Policy Entrepreneurs in the Holy Basin of Jerusalem.’ Public Administration 94 (4): 1042–58.Google Scholar
Simon, H. A. 1947. Administrative Behavior: A Study of Decision-Making Processes in Administrative Organization. New York, Macmillan Co.Google Scholar
Stone, D. A. 1997. Policy Paradox: The Art of Political Decision Making. New York: W W Norton.Google Scholar
Sugiyama, N. B. 2011. ‘Bottom-Up Policy Diffusion: National Emulation of a Conditional Cash Transfer Program in Brazil.’ Publius: The Journal of Federalism 42 (1): 25–51.Google Scholar
Teets, J. C. 2015. ‘The Politics of Innovation in China: Local Officials as Policy Entrepreneurs.’ Issues and Studies 51 (2): 79–109.Google Scholar
Teske, P. (ed.). 2004. Regulation in the States. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.Google Scholar
True, J., and Mintrom, M.. 2001. ‘Transnational Networks and Policy Diffusion: The Case of Gender Mainstreaming.’ International Studies Quarterly 45 (1): 27–57.Google Scholar
True, J. L. 2000. ‘Avalanches and Incrementalism.’ The American Review of Public Administration 30: 3–18.Google Scholar
Truman, H. S. 1948. Quotation sourced from Harry S Truman Quotes. BrainyQuote.com, BrainyMedia Inc, 2019. www.brainyquote.com/quotes/harry_s_truman_109615, last accessed 17 September 2019.Google Scholar
Tyack, D. B. 1974. The One Best System: A History of American Urban Education. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Tyack, D. B., and Cuban, L.. 1995. Tinkering Toward Utopia. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
van de Ven, A. H. 1986. ‘Central Problems in the Management of Innovation.’ Management Science 32 (5): 590–607.Google Scholar
Vergari, S. 1999. ‘Charter Schools: A Primer on the Issues.’ Education and Urban Society 31 (4): 389–405.Google Scholar
Vergari, S. (ed.). 2002. The Charter School Landscape. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.Google Scholar
Victor, D. G., House, J. C. and Joy, S.. 2005. ‘A Madisonian Approach to Climate Policy.’ Science 309 (5742): 1820–1.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Walker, J. L. 1969. ‘The Diffusion of Innovations among the American States.’ American Political Science Review 63 (3): 880–99.Google Scholar
Weible, C. M., and Cairney, P.. 2018. ‘Practical Lessons from Policy Theories.’ Policy and Politics 46 (2): 183–97.Google Scholar
Weible, C. M., and Sabatier, P. A., 2009. ‘Coalitions, Science, and Belief Change: Comparing Adversarial and Collaborative Policy Subsystems.’ Policy Studies Journal 37 (2): 195–212.Google Scholar
Yi, H., and Scholz, J. T.. 2015. ‘Policy Networks in Complex Governance Subsystems.’ Policy Studies Journal 44 (3): 1–32.Google Scholar
Accessibility standard: Unknown
Why this information is here
This section outlines the accessibility features of this content - including support for screen readers, full keyboard navigation and high-contrast display options. This may not be relevant for you.Accessibility Information
Accessibility compliance for the HTML of this element is currently unknown
and may be updated in the future.