Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-ttngx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-30T14:50:08.928Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

“Hospital, hospice, or home: A scoping review of the importance of place in pediatric palliative care”: A reflection from clinical practice

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 April 2024

David de Sousa Loura*
Affiliation:
Hospital Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, E.P.E., Lisbon, Portugal Faculty of Health Sciences and Nursing (Lisbon), Catholic University of Portugal, Lisbon, Portugal Nursing School of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
Maria Adelaide Pereira
Affiliation:
Unidade de Cuidados na Comunidade Consigo, Agrupamento de Centros de Saúde Lisboa Ocidental - Administração Regional de Saúde de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo, I.P., Lisbon, Portugal
Maria João Martins
Affiliation:
Unidade de Cuidados na Comunidade Consigo, Agrupamento de Centros de Saúde Lisboa Ocidental - Administração Regional de Saúde de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo, I.P., Lisbon, Portugal
Zaida Charepe
Affiliation:
Faculty of Health Sciences and Nursing (Lisbon), Catholic University of Portugal, Lisbon, Portugal Postdoc-Fellowship Program in Integral Human Development (IHD), CADOS, Catholic University of Portugal, Lisbon, Portugal
Joana Romeiro
Affiliation:
Faculty of Health Sciences and Nursing (Lisbon), Catholic University of Portugal, Lisbon, Portugal Postdoc-Fellowship Program in Integral Human Development (IHD), CADOS, Catholic University of Portugal, Lisbon, Portugal Center for Interdisciplinary Health Research (CIIS), Catholic University of Portugal, Lisbon, Portugal
*
Corresponding author: David de Sousa Loura; Email: davidsloura@gmail.com
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Type
Letter to the Editor
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press.

Dear Editor-in-Chief,

Dr. William Breitbart,

We were pleased to read the article “Hospital, hospice, or home: A scoping review of the importance of place in pediatric palliative care” by Walker et al. (Reference Walker, Nicolardi and Christopoulos2023), which presents essential conclusions concerning three contexts for professionals practicing pediatric palliative care (PPC).

The article focuses on how PPC is almost always associated with preferences on the place of death. Although this is a significant theme for children’s comfort, the authors of this letter believe that discussing the place in PPC deserves a more dedicated approach for promoting children’s quality of life at home and in the community.

Although palliative care is not equally accessible worldwide, its mission is to improve the quality of life, relieve suffering, and prevent complications for patients and families facing problems related to life-limiting conditions (World Health Organization 2002). In a pediatric setting, every child should benefit from individualized PPC beginning at diagnosis and in parallel with any curative approach (International Children’s Palliative Care Network 2008, 2009).

Children with complex chronic conditions and their families are frequent PPC users (Worldwide Hospice and Palliative Care Alliance 2020). These conditions are associated with a severe and incapacitating nature, but not all have an imminent life-threatening profile (Benini et al. Reference Benini, Papadatou and Bernadá2022). These children live increasingly more, mainly depending on care provided by their caregivers. And is that the wrong path to go? Is palliative care only for the ones who are in a dying process?

Providing PPC allows children who will not get better from their condition to benefit from holistic and proactive care toward physical, psychosocial, and spiritual well-being (Bona Reference Bona2006; Goldman et al. Reference Goldman, Hain and Liben2012). This mission can be pursued out of the hospital for many more reasons than dying. A child receiving PPC should not be defined by the disease and be able to go for a stroll, watch a movie, go to school, or do any activity appropriate to her development without forgetting the necessary healthcare interventions.

This perspective demands communities to be compassionate, supportive and involved with the life journey of people with palliative needs (Dumont et al. Reference Dumont, Marcoux and Warren2022). Awareness about symptom management, clear communication, and psychosocial support gather particular concerns in a pediatric context, as well as the demystification of PPC (Aoun et al. Reference Aoun, Stegmann and Deleuil2022; Chowdhury et al. Reference Chowdhury, Bezzahou and Khanom2023).

As end-of-life situations demand reflection on the place for caregiving, we believe that children with palliative needs deserve advanced planning while living in the community. Furthermore, community health teams are responsible for ensuring continuity of care, including managing health/disease needs and empowering communities to optimize their response to these children and their families, contributing to the normalization of chronic complex conditions (Charepe Reference Charepe, Ramos and Barbieri-Figueiredo2020; Jorge et al. Reference Jorge, Carrondo and Lopes2016). Every place – hospital, hospice, home, and community – is needed to support PPC in a continuum that respects children’s rights, promoting a hopeful and joyful life.

Funding

This work is financially supported by National Funds through FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., under the project UIDP/ 04279/2020.

Competing interests

None declared.

References

Aoun, SM, Stegmann, R, Deleuil, R, et al. (2022) “It is a whole different life from the life i used to live”: Assessing parents’ support needs in paediatric palliative care. Children 9(3), . doi:10.3390/children9030322CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Benini, F, Papadatou, D, Bernadá, M, et al. (2022) International standards for pediatric palliative care: From IMPaCCT to GO-PPaCS. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 63(5), e529e543. doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2021.12.031CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bona, KO (2006) Palliative care for infants, children, and adolescents. A practical handbook. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 45(3), 375376. doi:10.1097/01.chi.0000196428.73094.24CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Charepe, Z (2020) A criança e o jovem com doença crónica ou incapacitante. In Ramos, AL and Barbieri-Figueiredo, MDC (eds), Enfermagem Em Saúde da Criança E Do Jovem, 1a. Edição, Lisboa: Lidel, 231237.Google Scholar
Chowdhury, MK, Bezzahou, M, Khanom, M, et al. (2023) Developing community-based palliative care for children: A community case study from an urban informal settlement in Bangladesh. Health Services Insights 16, . doi:10.1177/11786329231162996CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dumont, K, Marcoux, I, Warren, É, et al. (2022) How compassionate communities are implemented and evaluated in practice: A scoping review. BMC Palliative Care 21(1), . doi:10.1186/s12904-022-01021-3CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goldman, A, Hain, R and Liben, S (2012) Oxford Textbook of Palliative Care for Children, 2nd edn. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
International Children’s Palliative Care Network (2008) The ICPCN Charter of Rights for life limited and life threatened children. https://icpcn.org/resources/publications-resources/ (accessed 1 November 2023).Google Scholar
International Children’s Palliative Care Network (2009) Declaration of Cape Town. https://icpcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/THE-ICPCN-DECLARATION-OF-CAPE-TOWN-2009.pdf (accessed 1 November 2023).Google Scholar
Jorge, AM, Carrondo, EM and Lopes, FMT (2016) Cuidados paliativos pediátricos domiciliários centrados na família: Contributos para uma Orientação Salutogénica. Egitania Sciencia 1(18), 7587. doi:10.46691/es.v1i18.69Google Scholar
Walker, M, Nicolardi, D, Christopoulos, T, et al. (2023) Hospital, hospice, or home: A scoping review of the importance of place in pediatric palliative care. Palliative and Supportive Care 21(5), 925934. doi:10.1017/S1478951523000664CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
World Health Organization (ed) (2002) National Cancer Control Programmes: Policies and Managerial Guidelines, 2nd edn. Geneva: World Health Organization.Google Scholar
Worldwide Hospice and Palliative Care Alliance (2020) Global Atlas of Palliative Care, 2nd edn. London: WHPCA.Google Scholar