Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-sxzjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T09:29:00.284Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Congenital Choanal Atresia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 June 2007

A. Durward ,
O. C. Lord  and
C. J. Polson
C. J. Polson
Affiliation:
Leeds
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Laryngology & Otology , Volume 60 , Issue 12 , December 1945 , pp. 461 - 500
Copyright
Copyright © JLO (1984) Limited 1945

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Aboulker, H., Gas. Méd., 1913, lxxxiv, 48–50; Index Medicus cited, with précis of cases, Attal 1911; right bony atresia, M.9Google Scholar
Aboulker, H., Gas. Méd., 1913, lxxxiv, 48–50; Index Medicus cited, with précis of cases, Attal 1911; right bony atresia, M.16; bilateral incomplete bony atresia, M.35.Google Scholar
Ackermann, or Aakermann, cited Haag; right atresia; infant, 1 month.Google Scholar
Alonso, J. M., and Regules, E., Rev. méd., Uruguay, 1919, xxii, 201–03, Index-Cat. Surg. Gen., right choanal atresia.Google Scholar
Altmann, F., Z. Hals-Nas.-u. Ohrenheilk, 1931, xxix, 308–22; bilateral bony atresia, F., premature, 7th. month.Google Scholar
Anderson, C.M., J. Amer. med. Ass., 1937, cix, 1788–92; six cases, four M. two F.; four unilateral, two R., two L.; three bony, one membranous, one mixed, one not stated.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anton, W., Arch. Ohrenheilk, 1894–95, xxxviii, 40–42; right bony atresia, M. 21. Prag. med. Wschr., 1905, xxx, 619–21. Index-Cat. Surg. Gen., cited Kahler; left bony atresia, F. 53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aranabia, F., and Fumasoli, C., Rev. Asoc. méd. argent., 1934, xlviii, 1445–46; sect. Nipiol., 243–44; right atresia, M. 2 months; skiagram.Google Scholar
Ard, F. C., Laryngoscope, St. Louis, 1907, xvii, 312; bilateral bony atresia.Google Scholar
Arnold, J., Virchows Arch., 1867, xxxviii, 145–72; bilateral atresia in a fœtus.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arslan, Y., Boll. Mal. Orecch., 1897, xv, 106–08; right bony atresia, M. 13.Google Scholar
Asch, M. J., cited Mayer, 1893; bilateral bony atresia, M. 25.Google Scholar
Asherson, N., J. Laryng., 1930, xlv, 344–46; bilateral membranous atresia, F. 35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Attal, M., Thése Paris, 1911; right membranous atresia, F. 11, and précis of nine cases of other authors.Google Scholar
Baber, E. C., J. Laryng., 1894, viii, 143–45;Google Scholar
Baber, E. C., in discussion, Proc. R. Soc. Med., 1908–1909, ii, Laryng. Sect., 20; right mixed atresia, M. approx. 6.Google Scholar
Ball, J. B., J. Laryng., 1895, ix, 506; right bony atresia, F. 21.Google Scholar
Balla, A., Arch. ital. Otol., 1907, xxvii, 113–42; right mixed atresia, F. 25; and table of published cases.Google Scholar
Barbera, S., Oto-rino-laryng, int., 1936, vi, 536–76; right atresia, M. 17; left membranous atresia, F. 44.Google Scholar
Barraud, , Schweiz. med. Wschr., 1920, l, 654; two cases of atresia in adults.Google Scholar
Barwell, H., Proc. R. Soc. Med., 1908–09, ii, Laryng. Sect., 20; right atresia, F. 25.Google Scholar
Baumgarten, E., Orv. Hetil., 1889, xxxiii, 44, Index MedicusGoogle Scholar
Baumgarten, E., trans., Pester. med. -chir., Pr., 1889, xxv, 1300Google Scholar
Baumgarten, E., abstr., Wien med. Wschr., 1889, xxxix, 2040, and J. Laryng., 1890, iv, 127; bilateral membranous atresia, F. 31.Google Scholar
Baumgarten, E., Mschr. Ohrenheilk, 1896, xxx, 17–20; right bony atresia, F. 9; incomplete bilateral mixed atresia, F. 40; bilateral fibrous atresia, F. 30;Google Scholar
Baumgarten, E., Orv. Hetil., 1898, viii, 404–05, incomplete bilateral bony atresia, M. 14; left bony atresia, M. 18Google Scholar
Baumgarten, E., Pester. med.-chir. Pr., 1906, xlii, 404, Index-Cat. Surg. Gen., unilateral bony atresia.Google Scholar
Baurowicz, A., Arch. Laryng. Rhin. Berl., 1901, xi, 150–53; bilateral bony atresia, M. 22.Google Scholar
Beausqleil, R., Bull. Soc. Anat. Physiol., Bordeaux, 1893, xiv, 174–81.Google Scholar
Beausqleil, R., J. méd. Bordeaux; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen., cited Haag: Daubret: Mackenty; right complete and left incomplete bony atresia, F. 11.Google Scholar
Bellin, and Leroux, , cited Attal: Balla: Theessen; incomplete bilateral membranous atreia, M. 24.Google Scholar
Bennett, O. P., Ann. Ophthal. Otol., St. Louis, 1893, ii, 51–53; Index Medicus; cited Haag.; right bony atresia.Google Scholar
Bentien, S., Ugeskr. Laeg., 5R., x, 457–67; Index Medicus; cited Kahler: Brunk; bilateral bony atresia, F. 30.Google Scholar
Berblinger, W., Arch. Laryng. Rhin. Berl., 1917–18, xxxi, 632–47; bilateral mixed atresia, F. 5 months; bibliography.Google Scholar
“Betts”, cited Schroetter: Mackenzie, M., see “Bitot”, for correct reference. Error first detected by Knight 1889.Google Scholar
Beynes, E., Arch. int. Laryng., 1928, vii, 179–83; left mixed atresia, F. 20.Google Scholar
Bilancioni, G., Arch. ital. Otol., 1916, xxvii, 342–55; left bony atresia, F. 13; bibliography.Google Scholar
Binnerts, A., Arch. Laryng. Rhin. Berl., 1921, xxxiv, 324–46; left bony atresia, infant, 3 months.Google Scholar
Binswanger, H., Munch. med. Wschr., 1909, ii, 2634–35; left bony atresia, F. 13.Google Scholar
Birkett, , cited Kahler; right bony atresia, F. 8.Google Scholar
Birkett, , right bony atresia, F. 23.Google Scholar
Bitot, , Bull. Acad. Méd. Paris, 1876, v, 881–82; bilateral bony (os. triangularis) atresia; fœtus at 7th. month.Google Scholar
Blair, V. P., Trans. Amer. laryng. Ass., 1931, pp. 229–44 and Ann. Otol. etc., St. Louis, 1931, xl, 1021–35; bilateral fibrous atresia; illustrated.Google Scholar
Bleyl, (Nordhausen), Z. Ohrenheilk., 1902, xl, 54–59; right bony atresia, F. 17.Google Scholar
Bonham, W. L., Sth. med. J., Nashville, 1942, xxxv, 252–57; right bony atresia, F. 15; bilateral bony atresia, F. 23 (initial operation on 4th. day of life); skiagrams.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Borghesan, E., Valsalva, 1938, xiv, 73–75; Index Medicus; cited Martini; contribution to the operative treatment of atresia.Google Scholar
Botey, R., Ann. Mal. Oreil. Laryng., 1906, xxxii, 374–80; right bony atresia, F. 19.Google Scholar
Boulai, , (Rennes), Arch. int. Laryng., 1901, xiv, 407–10; right bony atresia, F. 14.Google Scholar
Boulai, , (Rennes), Arch. int. Laryng., 1901, xiv, 407–10; right bony atresia, F. 14.Google Scholar
Boulay, M., Arch. Méd. Enf., 1902, v, 140–56; right bony atresia, F. 11.Google Scholar
Boulay, M., Arch. Méd. Enf., 1902, v, 140–56; right bony atresia, F. 18.Google Scholar
Bourgeois, H. and Poyet, G., Acta Oto-laring., Stockholm, 1925, vii, 568–86 (pp. 582–83); three incomplete reports.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bowser, , Amer. Med., 1910, xvi, N.S.V., 283; in discussion, three cases; scanty details; scanty details.Google Scholar
Boyd, H. M. E., Arch. Oto-laryng., Chicago, 1945, xli, 261–271; bilateral bony atresia, M. 20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brady, A. J., J. Laryng., 1918, xxxiii, 49–50; bilateral bony atresia, F. 16 ½ (first treated when 8 ½).Google Scholar
Brady, A. J., J. Laryng., 1918, xxxiii, 49–50; bilateral bony atresia, F. 18 (first treated when 8).Google Scholar
Brandies, R. C., N.Y. J. Med., 1881, xxxiv, 517; left bony atresia, F.Google Scholar
Briani, A., Boll. Mal. Orecch., 1927, xlv, 28–32; bilateral membranous atresia, F. 33.Google Scholar
Briani, A., Boll. Mal. Orecch., 1927, xlv, 28–32; bilateral membranous atresia, F. 44; both syphilitics and atresia presumably acquired.Google Scholar
Brose, L. D., Ann. Otol., etc., St. Louis, 1907, xvi, 135–37; right bony atresia, M. 22.Google Scholar
Brownell, D. H., Univ. Hosp. Bull. Ann. Arbor, 1939, v, 68; no case report.Google Scholar
Brunk, A., Z. Ohrenheilk, 1909, lix. 73–91.Google Scholar
Brunk, A., Z. Ohrenheilk, 1909, lix 221–24; right atresia, F. 11 weeks; right bony atresia, F. 14, and left bony atresia, F. 20.Google Scholar
Calamida, U., G. Accad. Med., Torino, 1904, 4S., x, 326–28; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen.; case of bony atresia.Google Scholar
Campo, F., Ann. Med. nav. colon., 1926, ii, 48–51; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen.; right bony atresia.Google Scholar
Carril, A. V. Del, Rev. Asoc. méd. argent., 1938, lii, 977–79; Index Medicus; case of unilateral atresia.Google Scholar
Casadesus, (Barcelona), Ann. Oto-laryng. Par., 1933, No. 12, 1442; in discussion, 3 cases mentioned, one being of bilateral atresia in the newborn.Google Scholar
Casselberry, W. F., J. Amer. med. Ass., 1885, v. 148–50CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Casselberry, W. F., Trans. Amer. Laryng. Ass., 1913, xxxv, 229–30, in discussion; incomplete bilateral membranous atresia, M. circa 40; mixed atresia, infant 6 months and unilateral atresia, M. 24.Google Scholar
Castañeda, B., Roccatagliata, R., and Garzoni, J., Rev. méd. lat.-amer., 1935–36, xxi, 1028–30; left mixed atresia, F. 14.Google Scholar
Castex, , Rev. Laryng., Paris, 1906, i, 742–44; in discussion, right membranous atresia, F. 19.Google Scholar
Cavanaugh, J., Ann. Otol., etc., St. Louis, 1923, xxxii, 1254; in discussion, case of atresia, child, 12.Google Scholar
Cemach, A., Mschr. Ohrenheilk., 1938, lxxii, 914; in discussion, on surgical measures; no case report.Google Scholar
Centeno, R. R. and Tato, J. M., Rev. Asoc. méd. argent., 1934, xlviii, 36–7Google Scholar
Centeno, R. R. and Tato, J. M., Hosp. argent., 1934, iv, 569–70; Index Medicus, right bony atresia, M. 19.Google Scholar
Cespedes, V. M. P. Y., Rev. Sanid. milit., Habana, 1940, iv, 292–4; Index Medicus, “Choanal Imperforation”.Google Scholar
Charousek, G., Arch. Ohr.-Nas.-u. Kehlk-Heilk., 1922–23, cx, 209–21; left bony atresia, F. 23; incomplete bibliography.Google Scholar
Chauveau, L., Gaz. Mal. inf., 1900, ii, 201–05; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen., “L'Obstruction nasale chez le nouveau-né”.Google Scholar
Chiari, O., Wien. med. Wschr., 1885, xxxv, 1473: Index Medicus and Chiari, 1909; bilateral membranous atresia, F. 70Google Scholar
Chiari, O., Wien. laryng. Ges., 1895; cited Hérisset, Thése Paris, 1904, p. 30; left bony atresia and rhinolith; F. 50Google Scholar
Chiari, O., Wien. med. Wschr., 1909, lix, 561–69; retro-nasal membranous atresia, F. 50, and classification of atresia.Google Scholar
Childrey, J. H., Laryngoscope, St. Louis, 1938, xlviii, 51–53; right bony atresia, F. 19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cinelli, A. A., Ann. Otol., etc., St. Louis, 1940, xlix, 912–23; review; no case report.Google Scholar
Císler, J., Čas. Lék. cěsk., 1912, li, 475–77; translation by ProfessorSˇikl, H. right bony atresia, M. 13.Google Scholar
Citelli, S., Arch. ital. Laryng., 1902, xxii, 120–24, right bony atresia, F. 32. left bony atresia, F. 8.Google Scholar
Claoué, , Rev. hebd. Laryng., 1905, xxv, 717; abstr. Gaz. Sc. méd. Bordeaux, 1905, No. 2 (ardenne), right bony atresia, F. young.Google Scholar
Clark, E. E., Cincinn. Lancet-clin., 1896, xxxvi, 336; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen., case of bilateral atresia.Google Scholar
Clark, J. P., Boston med. Surg. J., 1898, cxxxviii, 171–74; bilateral bony atresia, F. 18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, J. P., Boston med. Surg. J., 1908, clviii, 447–48; “Anomalous folds in the naso-pharynx”.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clay, J. V. F., Hahnemann. Mon., 1916, li, 127–29; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen., case of atresia.Google Scholar
Coakley, C. G., Trans. Amer. laryng. Ass., 1913, xxxv, 230; in discussion; case of atresia mentioned.Google Scholar
Cohen, J. Solis-, “Diseases of the Throat and Nasal Passages”, Wood & Co., New York, 1872, pp. 295–96; bilateral atresia; infant.Google Scholar
Cohn, G., Mschr. Ohrenheilk., 1904, xxxviii, 472–89; left bony atresia, M. 10; table of published cases.Google Scholar
Colver, B. N., Trans. Amer. laryng. Ass., 1920, xxvi, 276–86; bilateral bony atresia, F. 2, 8/12Google Scholar
Colver, B. N., Ann. Otol., etc., St. Louis, 1937, xlvi, 358–75; bilateral bony atresia, F. 6 days, and republication of former case.Google Scholar
Crull, Z.Ohrenheilk., 1895–96, xxviii, 133–35; left bony atresia, M. 5.Google Scholar
D'Aguanno, A., Arch. ital. Otol., 1897, v. 231–35; right fibrous atresia, F. 17.Google Scholar
D'Ambrosio, , Progresso Medico., Napoli, 1890, iv, 309–11; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen., “Stenosi congenite delle fosse nasali”.Google Scholar
Daubret, M. V., Thése Paris, 1900, No. 572, p. 32; right bony atresia; F. adult Grossard's patient.Google Scholar
Davis, A. D., pers. commun. to Donnelly; unilateral bony atresia; F. 25.Google Scholar
Davis, H. J., J. Laryng., 1910, xxv. 137; mention of a case of atresia in discussion; no details.Google Scholar
Dean, L. W., J. Amer. med. Ass., 1925, lxxxv., 317–32; discussion 320–21; general statement that all cases of atresia in his experience had sinus disease. See also Prentiss.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Decker, P. H., Atlant. med. J., 1925–26, xxix, 461; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen., case of unilateral bony atresia.Google Scholar
Dennis, F. L., Colo. Med., 1911, viii, 130–33; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen.; “Congenital bony atresia of the choana”.Google Scholar
Depaul, , Bull. Acad. Méd. Paris, 1876, v, 882–83; reporter of Bitot's case and an analogous case of bilateral bony atresia; fœtus.Google Scholar
Dicore, A., Rass. ital. Oto-rino-laryng., 1932, vi. 169–78; Index Cat. Surg. Gen.; right bony atresia; adult.Google Scholar
Dionisio, I., G. Accad. Med., Torino, 1895, xlvi, 137–39; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen., and Daubret; case of bilateral membranous atresia.Google Scholar
Donnelly, J. C., Arch. Otolaryng., Chicago, 1938, xxviii, 112–25; right bony atresia; F. 4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Downie, W., Glas. med. J., 1896, xlvi, 299–301; a case of anterior nasal atresia.Google Scholar
Egeberg, , 1877; cited Bilancioni; “Occlusio choanorum”.Google Scholar
Eicken, , Von (Giessen), Verhandl. d. Ver. dtschr. Laryng., Wurzh., 1911, 593–600; acquired left atresia, F. 48; right bony atresia, F. 20.Google Scholar
Elmiger, G., Schweiz. med. Wschr., 1922, lii, 497–98; left bony atresia, F. 10.Google Scholar
Elmiger, G., Schweiz. med. Wschr., 1922, lii, 497–98; left bony atresia, F. 30Google Scholar
Elmiger, G., Schweiz. med. Wschr., 1922, lii, 497–98; left bony atresia, M. 9.Google Scholar
Emmert, C., “Lehrbuch d. Chir.,” Stuttgart, 1853, Bd. 11, S.535; cited Luschka and others; bilateral bony atresia; M. 7; first clinical report and surgical cure.Google Scholar
Engell, K., Leipzig, 1913; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen; “Die Atresie der Choanen und ihre Behandlung”.Google Scholar
Escat, E., Arch. internat. Laryng., 05 and 06 1896.Google Scholar
Escat, E., abstr. J. Laryng., 1896, xi, 29 (Joal).Google Scholar
Escat, E., abstr. J. Laryng., 1896, xi, pp. 297–98 (Waggett); bilateral atresia, M. 22.Google Scholar
Escat, E., abstr. J. Laryng., 1896, xi, pp. 297–98 (Waggett); bilateral atresia, M. 11.Google Scholar
Escat, E., abstr. J. Laryng., 1896, xi, pp. 297–98 (Waggett); bilateral atresia, M. 56.Google Scholar
Escat, E., Arch. méd. Toulouse, 1912, xix, 102–07; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen.; Deux cas d'occlusion congénitale des choanes.Google Scholar
Escat, E., Ann. Otolaryng., Paris, 1933, No. 12, 1443, in discussionGoogle Scholar
Escat, E., reference to personal cases.Google Scholar
Eulenstein, H., Dtschr. med. Wschr., 1889, xv, No. 39, 800–01; bilateral bony atresia; F. 36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evans, A., Lancet, 1924, i, 1002; bilateral bony atresia; M. 3 weeks.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fallas, , Dem. Soc. Brux. Oto-rhino-laryng., 03 25th, 1927.Google Scholar
Fallas, , rep., Rev. Laryng., Paris, 1928, vii, 1199; right atresia, child, 10.Google Scholar
Fein, J., Dem. Wien. laryng. Gesellsch.Google Scholar
Fein, J., rep., Wien. klin. Wschr., 1907, xx, No. 4, 121; left bony atresia; F. 45.Google Scholar
Fein, J., dem. Wien. laryng. Gesellsch., 10 8th, 1910, cited Berblinger; case of bilateral congenital atresia.Google Scholar
Feldmann, , 1922; cited Vogel; right bony atresia.Google Scholar
Fernández, V. J., Gac. méd. Norte, 1912, xviii, 5–8; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen; bilateral membranous atresia.Google Scholar
Feuchtinger, , Mschr. Ohrenheilk, 1920, liv, 119–120; right bony atresia; M. 25.Google Scholar
Fishbein, J. N., R.I. med. J., 1931, xiv, 180; Index Medicus; case of choanal atresia.Google Scholar
Flatau, T. S., Dem. Wien. klin. Rundschau, 1899; rep., J. Laryng., 1900, xv, 47–48; right bony atresia; F. 40.Google Scholar
Fränkel, B., 1889, cited Haag and Vogel; bilateral bony atresia, M. 18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fraser, J. S., Brit. med. J., 1910, ii, 1698–1701; right bony atresia, F. 20; autopsy report and review of 115 cases.Google Scholar
Frazer, J. E. S., J. Anat., Lond., 1911, xlv, 347–56; “A preliminary communication on the formation of the nasal cavities”.Google Scholar
Frèche, , 1894; cited Hamilton, T. K.; bilateral atresia; adult; syphilitic.Google Scholar
Fritts, J. R., Trans. med. Ass., Missouri Kansas City, 1898, pp. 145–53; Index- Cat. Surg. Gen.; “Occlusion of the posterior nares, congenital (bony)”.Google Scholar
Galand, G., Ann. Mal. Oreil. Larynx., 1924, xliii, 1045–46; bilateral bony atresia; newborn child.Google Scholar
Garretson, W. T., Laryngoscope, St. Loius, 1927, xxxvii, 263–68; right bony atresia, F. 16, and right mixed atresia, F. 12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Geiger, C. W., and Roth, J. H., Arch. Otolaryng., Chicago, 1932, xv, 441–42; left bony atresia, F. 4½.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Giannone, A., Boll. Mal. Orecch., 1918, xxxvi, 73–76; incomplete bilateral membranous atresia, F. and right fibrous atresia, F. 45.Google Scholar
Gilse, P. A. G. Van, Nederl. Tijdschr. Geneesk., 1935, lxxix, 5536–40; Index MedicusGoogle Scholar
Gilse, P. A. G. Van, Acta. Ololaryng., Stockholm, 1936, xxiv, 205–08; ciné demonstration of bilateral atresia; newborn infant.Google Scholar
Glas, E., Mschr. Ohrenheilk, 1926, lx, 494; right bony atresia, F. 22.Google Scholar
Gosselin, , Bull. acad. méd., 1876, v, 883; right bony atresia, F. 18.Google Scholar
Gottstein, , 1887; cited Haag; dem. of bony atresia.Google Scholar
Gougenheim, A., and Hélary, L., Ann. Mal. Oreil. Larynx, 1894, xx, 43–59; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen.; précis by Attal.Google Scholar
Gougenheim, A., and Hélary, L., abstr. J. Laryng., 1894, viii; left bony atresia, F. 15.Google Scholar
Göz, A., Z. Ohrenheilk, 1913, lxviii, 43–48; bilateral bony atresia, F. newborn; right membranous atresia, F. 33; left bony atresia, F. 15; right bony atresia, F. 28, and right atresia, M. 29.Google Scholar
Gradenigo, G., G. Accad. Med., Torino, 1897, 3s., xlv, 717–20; index-Cat. Surg. Gen. cited Baurowicz; right bony atresia, M. 18.Google Scholar
Grant, J. Dundas, J. Laryng., 1894, viii, 155–56 right atresia; F. treated at birth; recurrent fibrous stenosis at 27.Google Scholar
Grant, J. Dundas, Proc. R. Soc. Med., 1919–20, xiii, Laryng. Sect., 34–35Google Scholar
Grant, J. Dundas, Brit. J. Child. Dis., 1920, xvii, 98; left mixed atresia, F. young.Google Scholar
Greif, , Čas. Lék. Čes., 1923, xli, 1254; right bony atresia; scanty details (per Professor Šikl.).Google Scholar
Grove, R. C., Virginia med. (Semi-)Mon., 1934, lx, 682–84; right bony atresia; F. 20.Google Scholar
Grove, W. E., Arch. Otolaryng., Chicago, 1927, vi, 237–41; right bony atresia, F. 48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guttman, J., Amer. Med. Philad., 1910, xvi, N.S.v, 283; case of unilateral bony atresia.Google Scholar
Guye, , Dutch Soc. Laryng., 1894, 07.Google Scholar
Guye, , rep., J. Laryng. 1895, ix, 465–66; in discussion; case of right bony atresia; in discussion; case of right bony atresia.Google Scholar
Haag, H., Arch. Laryng. Rhin., Berl., 1899, ix, 1–29; bilateral membranous atresia, F. adult; bilateral osseo-membranous atresia, F. 13 and bilateral bony atresia, F. 20; bibliography and table of published cases; key paper.Google Scholar
Hajek, M., Wien. klin. Wschr., 1902, xxv, 221; in discussion, mention of three cases treated.Google Scholar
Halle, , Verh. dtschr. laryng. Ges., 1911, xxi, 24, Index-Cat. Sung. Gen.; “Operation der Choanalatresie”.Google Scholar
Hamilton, H. D., Canad. Practit., 1902, xxvii, 590; right bony atresia, M. 17.Google Scholar
Hamilton, T. K., J. Laryng., 1905, xx, 172–78; bilateral bony atresia, F. 35.Google Scholar
Hamilton, T. K., J. Laryng., 1905, xx, 172–78; bilateral bony atresia, M. 28: left bony atresia, F. 50.Google Scholar
Hamilton, T. K., J. Laryng., 1905, xx, 172–78; left bony atresia, F. 7.Google Scholar
Hanausek, J., Čas. Lék. čes., 1910, xlix, 1307: 1346; abstr. by Professor Šikl; left atresia, F. 18.Google Scholar
Hanszel, , Wien. klin. Wschr., 1902, xxv, 221; in discussion, case of right mixed atresia.Google Scholar
Hart, V. K., Sth. med. J., Nashville, 1926, xix, 703; bilateral bony atresia, F. 21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hart, V. K., and Peeler, C. N., Sth. med. J., Nashville, 1929, xxii, 1087–88; bilateral bony atresia; F. 11 hours.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hecht, , Dem. Soc. Oto-laryng., Munich, 3 03, 1902.Google Scholar
Hecht, , rep., Rev. Laryng., Paris, 1902, ii, 655–56; right membranous, ?acquired, atresia, M. 15; congenital lues.Google Scholar
Hecht, , Rev. Laryng., Paris, 1906, i, 165–66; bilateral membranous atresia, F. 29 and left bony atresia, F. 26.Google Scholar
Hems, J. K., Marburg, 1893; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen.; cited Haag and Schoetz; right bony atresia; M. 17.Google Scholar
Hérisset, , Thése Paris, 1904, p. 30 (see Chiari, 1895).Google Scholar
Heymann, P., Berl. klin. Wschr., 1904, xv, No. 41, 935; dem. of anatomical specimen of bony atresia.Google Scholar
Heyse, Leipzig, 1900; cited Berblinger; “Anomalien der Choanen und des Cavum pharyngonasale”.Google Scholar
Hinojar, , cited Beynes; no details.Google Scholar
Hochheim, K. E. H., Griefswald, , 1903; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen., cited Brunk, Kahier and White; bilateral bony atresia, M. ?age.Google Scholar
Hochstetter, F., Verh. anat. Ges. Jena, 1891, V, 145–151; Index Medicus; “Ueber die Bildung der inneren Nasengänge oder primitiven Choanen“.Google Scholar
Hopmann, (Cologne); Arch. kim. Chir., 1888, xxxvii, 235–63; cited Hopmann, 1894; right bony atresia, F. 12Google Scholar
Hopmann, (Cologne); Arch. kim. Chir., 1888, xxxvii, 235–63; cited Hopmann, 1894; right bony atresia, M. 19Google Scholar
Hopmann, Arch. Laryng. Rhin., Berl., 1894, i, 359–62; right bony atresia, M. 41 and left bony atresia, M. 15Google Scholar
Hopmann, Arch. Laryng. Rhin., Berl., 1895, iii, 48–67; “Anomalien der Choanen und des Nasenrachenraums”.Google Scholar
Hovorka, , 1892; cited Daubret; case of unilateral bony atresia.Google Scholar
Hubbell, A. A., Buffalo med. J., 1886–87, xxvi, 193–206; bilateral bony atresia, M. 18; review of 16 published cases.Google Scholar
Hutter, FR., Dem. Wien. Laryng. Gesellsch., 1st 02, 1938.Google Scholar
Hutter, FR., rep., Mschr. Ohrenheilk, 1938, lxxii, 1002; right bony atresia, F. 22.Google Scholar
Ingersoll, J. M., Ann. Otol., etc., St. Louis, 1904, xiii, 189–96; “A study of the development of the nose and its accessory cavities “.Google Scholar
Iwanoff, A., Arch. Laryng. Rhin., Berl., 1904, xvi, 332–35; cited Mackenty, Theessen and Vogel; “Beitrag zur Kasuistik der Choanalatresien “.Google Scholar
Jacques, P., Rev. Laryng., Paris, 1921, xlii, 607–12; mixed atresia M. 19.Google Scholar
Jacques, P., Rev. Laryng., Paris, 1921, xlii, 607–12; mixed atresia M. 19.Google Scholar
Jacques, P., Rev. Laryng., Paris, 1921, xlii, 607–12; mixed atresia M. 11, and right complete and left incomplete osseo-membranous atresia; M. 18, luetic.Google Scholar
James, W. W., and Hastings, S., Proc. R. Soc. Med., 1931–32, xxv, 1343–53; Discussion on Mouth Breathing and Nasal Obstruction; bibliography, but no case report.Google Scholar
Jarvis, W. C., Trans Amer. laryng. Ass., 1888, ix, 222–30; “Two unique cases of congenital occlusion of the anterior nares “.Google Scholar
Joél, E., Z. Laryng. Rhinol., 1898, xxxiv, 25–29; Index MedicusGoogle Scholar
Joél, E., trans. (Spalding, J. A.), Arch. Otol., N.Y., 1899, xxviii, 32–34; left mixed atresia, F.22.Google Scholar
JohnstonR. H., J. R. H., J.Amer. med. Ass., 1906, xlvii, 686–87; “Congenital membrane in th naso-pharynx”.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, J. A., Lancet, 1922, ii, 327–28; mention of a few cases seen but none under 1 year.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Juffinger, , Wien. him. Wschr., 1901, xiv, 881; bilateral bony atresia; F. 18.Google Scholar
Kafemann, A. W., and Beselin, O., Arch. Ohr.-Nas.-u. Kehlk. Heilk., 1926–27, cxvi, 116–18; four unilateral cases; 2 F., 2 M., 2 R., 2 L; aged 14, 16, 20 and 21 years; all of bony atresia.Google Scholar
Kahler, O., Mschr. Ohrenheilk., 1909, xliii, 41–67; 8 F. i M; bilateral and 7 unilateral (5 R, 2 L,); all bony atresia except Case 9 (right, mixed atresia); key paper.Google Scholar
Kamm, , 1902; cited Vogel; “Em Fall von Verschluss der hinteren Nasenöffnung”.Google Scholar
Kayser, R., Wien. kim. Wschr., 1899, xiii, 167; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen.Google Scholar
Kayser, R., abstr., J. Laryng., 1899, xiv. 430; right atresia; ?24.Google Scholar
Kayser, R., Heymann's Handbuch Laryng. Rhin., 1900,iii, 610–33; “Verwachsungen der Nase (Synechien und Atresien)“.Google Scholar
Kazanjian, V. H., Ann. Otol., etc., St. Louis, 1942, li, 704–11; left bony and right mixed atresia F. 15; right bony atresia; F. 9; left mixed atresia; F. 16, and brief mention of 7 other cases.Google Scholar
Kazanjian, V. H. and Brown, L. A., Arch. Otolaryng., Chicago, 1937, xxvi, 777–78; left bony and right mixed atresia F. 13; (Apparently republished as Case i in 1942, see Kazanjian.)Google Scholar
Kearney, H. L., Ann. Otol. etc., St. Louis, 1936, xlv, 583–86; right bony atresia; F. 13.Google Scholar
Keimer, (Dusseldorf); 1887; cited Haag; case of right bony atresia.Google Scholar
Kelly, , Brown, , Brit. med. J., 1910, ii, 1701; in discussion; unilateral membranous atresia; F. 3.Google Scholar
Kelly, , Brown, , Brit. med. J., 1910, ii, 1701; in discussion; unilateral membranous atresia; F. adult.Google Scholar
Kelly, D. B., Brit. med. J., 1939,. 157–58; left bony atresia, F. 20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Killian, , (Freiburg); pers. commun. to Brose; bilateral atresia; child, 3.Google Scholar
Kirby, J. C., Laryngoscope, St. Louis, 1921, xxxi, 701–03; right atresia; F. adult, and choanal atresia; F. 10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klaff, D. D., Arch. Oto-laryng., Chicago, 1945, xli, 298–99; bilateral bony atresia, M. 26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Kleyn, A., Acta Oto-laring., Stockh., 1918, i, H.1, 189–90; right ?bony atresia; suppurative rhinitis and ethmoiditis; child, 14 days.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knight, C. H., Trans. Amer. laryng. Ass., 1889, x, 102–09; right bony atresia; F. 18Google Scholar
Knight, C. H., Trans. Amer. laryng. Ass., 1889, x, 102–09; right bony atresia; F. 18, no details; bibliography.Google Scholar
Koch, (Johannesburg), Transv. med. J., 1910, v, 206–08; bilateral bony atresia; suppurative rhinitis and sinusitis; suppurative rhinitis and sinusitis F. 11Google Scholar
Koch, Nederl. Tijdschr. Geneesk., 1911 i, 2142–45; Surg. Gen. Cat., “Een geval van aangeboren atresie der Choanae”.Google Scholar
Koenigstein, M., Medycyna, 1907, xxxv, 988–91.; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen.; “Atresia ossea choanae”Google Scholar
Koenigstein, M., abstr. Zbl. Laryng., 1908, S.434; cited Kahler and Vogel; left bony atresia F. 18.Google Scholar
Kreig, R., “Atlas of Diseases of the Nose”, German and English text (Roman, A.) Stuttgart, 1901, Plate 3; right bony atresia, F. 19.Google Scholar
Kruse, , 1904; cited Balla; bilateral ?acquired atresia, F. 52.Google Scholar
Kuhf, , cited Daubret; case of choanal atresia, F. 15.Google Scholar
Kundrat, H., “Die Arhinencephalie als typische Art von Missbildung”, Graz, 1882, S.41; cited Schroetter and Charousek; case of atresia, F. newborn.Google Scholar
Kutvirt, D., Wien. med Wschr., 1902, lii, 2052, bilateral bony atresia, F. 6.Google Scholar
Labhardt, E., Schweiz. med. Wschr., 1936, lxvi, 1153–54;; six cases, with limited details of five; all bony; all unilateral, 4 L, 1 R; 3 F., 2 M., ages from 10–19 years.Google Scholar
Lacoarret, (Toulouse), 1898, cited Baurowicz and Daubret; right membranous atresia; F., young.Google Scholar
Lack, L., J. Laryng., 1901, xvi, 301; unilateral bony atresia in dissecting room subject.Google Scholar
Lago, E. dal, Boll. Mal. Orecch., 1940, lviii, 450–58; Index Medicus; “Congenital bilateral diaphragm of choana: case ”.Google Scholar
Lang, J., Mschr. Ohrenheilk, 1912, xlvi, 970–1001; right bony atresia, F. 15; three members of one family.Google Scholar
Lang, J., Mschr. Ohrenheilk, 1912, xlvi, 970–1001; right bony atresia, F. 35; three members of one family.Google Scholar
Lang, J., Mschr. Ohrenheilk, 1912, xlvi, 970–1001; right bony atresia, F. 16; three members of one family.Google Scholar
Lange, V., Dtschr. med. Wschr., 1892, xviii, No. 29, 667–68; right mixed atresia M.19; death from ?sinus thrombosis, 6 days after operation.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Langmaid, , J. Laryng., 1895, ix, 605; in discussion, mention of three personal cases.Google Scholar
Lannois, and Jacod, , Lyon med., 1917, cxxvi, 146–49; left atresia; M. adult; operation via maxila.Google Scholar
Lebensohn, J. E., Ann. Otol., etc., St. Louis, 1923, xxxii, 1128–34; right mixed atresia M. 23.Google Scholar
Leite, A. O., Rev. brasil Otoriieolaring., 1939, vii, 49–58; Index Medicus; case of unilateral atresia.Google Scholar
Lemere, H. B., J. Amer. med. Ass., 1937, cix, 347–48; bilateral membranous atresia; M. 2 months.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lemoine, , Ann. Otol., etc., 1931, pp. 212–13; incomplete bilateral stenosis, F. 7.Google Scholar
Leschinskiy, Y. L., Zhur. ush. Nos. i Gorl. bolez, 1938, xv, 471–75; Index Medicus; “Atresia of choana: 3 cases”.Google Scholar
Loeb, H. W., Trans. Amer. laryng. Ass., 1913, xxv, 230; in discussion; 4 personal cases of atresia mentioned.Google Scholar
Lossow, , 1922; cited Vogel; Vulowitsch; “Vortrag flber Choanalatresie ”.Google Scholar
Lüders, W., Griefswald, , 1920 cited Mschr. Ohrenheilk, 1920, liv, 1119; Über Choanalatresie”.Google Scholar
Lumsden, R. B., J. Laryng., 1936, li, 230–38; “A record of six cases of orbital infection of nasal origin, occurring in children ”.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lumsden-Cook, J. A., S. Afr. med. J., 1941, xv, 498–99; right bony atresia; F. 9, and bilateral bony atresia; F. 25.Google Scholar
Lund, C. J., Amer. J. Obstet. Gynaec., 1941, xli, 934–48, “Prevention of asphyxia neonatorum ”.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Luschka, H., Virchows Arch., 1860, xviii, 168–70; bilateral bony atresia; M. 7; Emmert's patient.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Luschka, H., “Der Schlundkopf des Menschen”, Tubingen, 1868, S. 27; cited Schroetter; bilateral bony atresia; F. newborn.Google Scholar
Luzzati, A., Arch. ital. Otol., 1921, xxxii, 22–24; Index Medicus; “Un caso di atresia bilaterale congenita delle coane”.Google Scholar
Lyuri, S. A., Prot. kavkaz. med. Obshch., 1906–07, xlviii, 468–72; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen.; “Congenital occlusion of the nasal choanae”.Google Scholar
MacCoy, A. W., N.Y. med. J., 1887, xlvi, 457–58: 463; “The comparative study of some of the methods of treatment best adapted to the relief of occlusion of the posterior nares”; no case reports.Google Scholar
McIntosh, J. R., Marit. med. News, 1903, xv, 359; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen; cited Cohn; case of bilateral bony atresia.Google Scholar
MacKay, M., Montreal med. J., 1908, xxxvi, 266–67; bilateral atresia; F. newborn.Google Scholar
Mackenty, J. E., Med. Rec., N.Y., 1907, lxxii, 387–90; right bony and left osseomembranous atresia; M. 17, and right bony atresia; F. 15.Google Scholar
McKenzie, Dan, J. Laryng., 1910, xxv, 137.Google Scholar
McKenzie, Dan, Proc. R. Soc. Med., 1909–1910, iii Laryng. Sect., 91; left mixed atresia; F. 19.Google Scholar
Mackenzie, , Morell, , “A manual of diseases of the Throat and Nose” London, 1884 vol. ii p. 477; 4 nasal synechiae but no instance of choanal atresia amongst 2,152 skulls.Google Scholar
McNaught, H. Y., Calif. St. J. Med., 1918, xvi, 193; Index Medicus; “Congenital occlusion of the choanae of the nose ”.Google Scholar
Magnotti, T., Arch. ital. Otol., 1930, xli, 89–94; bilateral membranous atresia M. 11; “acquired ”.Google Scholar
Mahoney, P. L., Laryngoscope, St. Louis, 1927, xxxvii, 920; bilateral mixed atresia; M. 3 months.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Malan, A., Arch. Sci. Med., 1927, li, 169–74; Index Medicus; “Atresia congenita membranosa coanale unilaterale”.Google Scholar
Mangiaracina, A., Arch. Otolaryng., Chicago, 1940, Xxxii, 1088–89; bilateral fibrous atresia; F. 11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marschik, H., Mschr. Ohrenheilk., 1938, lxxii, 913–14; right mixed atresia; F. 16.Google Scholar
Martini, R. De, Boll. Mal Orecch., 1939, lvii, 14–22; bilateral bony atresia F. 45; bilateral, recurrent, membranous atresia F. 75, first operation when 45, and right bony atresia F. 11.Google Scholar
Mayer, E., New York Eye and Ear Infirmary Reports, January 1893.Google Scholar
Mayer, E., abstr., J. Laryng., 1893, vii, 236; right bony atresia F. 17.Google Scholar
Menzel, , Mschr. Ohrenheilk, 1920, liv, 120; in discussion; case of bilateral ?incomplete atresia F.Google Scholar
Meyersohn, S., Medycyna, 1887, xv, 113: 134; Index Medicus; cited Chiari 1909; nasopharyngeal membranous atresia; F. 37.Google Scholar
Mounié, , Rev. Laryng., Paris, 1906, i, 743–44; in discussion, brief mention of his experience of choanal atresia.Google Scholar
Moncrieff, A., Brit. med. J., 1936, i, 1295–96; bilateral bony atresia; infant, newborn.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morf, J., Arch. Laryng. Rhin., Berl., 1900, x, 173–176; unilateral mixed atresia and hyperhydrosis M. 43.Google Scholar
Morgenstern, D. J., Arch. Otolaryng. Chicago, 1940, xxxi, 653–62; left bony atresia; F. 18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morton, T. G., Surg. Penn. Hosp., Philad., 1880, p. 333; Index-Cat. Sung. Gen; cited Haag after Schwendt; ?left membranous atresia; M. 8.Google Scholar
Mothe, De La D., Ann. Mal. Oreil. Larynx, 1924, xliii, 781–84; “Enorme corps étranger des fosses nasales ”.Google Scholar
Moure, , 1887; cited Daubret; case of bilateral bony atresia; brief details.Google Scholar
Mouret, J. and Cazejust, P., Rev. Laryng., Paris, 1921, xlii, 111–13.Google Scholar
Mouret, J. and Cazejust, P., Rev. Laryng., Paris, 1921, xlii, 143–164; left mixed atresia; F. 13.Google Scholar
Nager, T. R., Korresp. Bl. schweiz. Arz., 1915, xlv, 1339; left bony atresia; M. 37.Google Scholar
Neto, J. R., Rev. brasil oto-rino-laryng., 1942, X, 431–41; Index Medicus; “Transpalatine Route in therapy of bilateral congenital imperforation of choanae, with report of cases ”.Google Scholar
Nordquist, , 1901, cited Cohn; bilateral bony atresia; F. 15.Google Scholar
Obertüschen, (Crefeld), 1887; cited Haag; right bony atresia, M. 23.Google Scholar
O'malley, , Proc. R. Soc. Med., 1928–29, xxii, 160; in discussion; right atresia and antral empyema.Google Scholar
ónodi, A., Orv. Hetil., 1889, xxxiii, 356; Index Medicus; “Curious congenital closure of posterior ‘choana’.Google Scholar
ónodi, A., abstr., J. Laryng., 1891, v, 109.Google Scholar
ónodi, A., left incomplete osseo-cartilaginous atresia; M. 18.Google Scholar
Otto, A. W., “Lehrbuch der path. Anat. des Menschen u. d. Thiere”; English trans. (South, J. F.), London, 1831; pt. 2, Sect. xv, Cp. 2a, para, 131, p. I8I, lines 8–9, no case report.Google Scholar
Otto, A. W., “Monstrorum sexFentorum descriptio anatomica”, Breslau, 1841; cited Altmann; Case 554; bilateral atresia in human fætus.Google Scholar
Otty, J. H., Scottish Otol. Laryng. Soc. Proc., 07 1939.Google Scholar
Otty, J. H., J. Laryng., 1940, lv, 118; right bony atresia; F. 23.Google Scholar
Pallestrini, E., Oto-rino-laring. ital., 1934, iv, 439–45.; bilateral mixed atresia; M. 14; bilateral membranous atresia; F. 27, and retro-nasal atresia; F. adult; “acquired”.Google Scholar
Pastore, P. N. and Williams, H. L., Proc. Mayo. Clin., 1939, xiv, 625–27; bilateral bony atresia; F. newborn; right bony atresia, M. 14, and summary of cases, including those of Anderson, seen at the Mayo Clinic.Google Scholar
Paterson, D. R., Proc. R. Soc. Med., 1909–10, iii, Laryng. Sect., 114–15; right atresia; F. 41.Google Scholar
Patterson, N., Proc. R. Soc. Med., 1923–24, xvii, Laryng. Sect., 82–84; left atresia; left atresia M. 19.Google Scholar
Paz, J., An. ćirc. méd. argent., 1896, xix, 92; Index-Cat. Sung. Gen.; “Imperforacíon nasal congénita ”.Google Scholar
Perevia, C., Rev. méd. cirug. Brasil, 1940, viii, 375–98: Index Medicus; case of choanal imperforation.Google Scholar
Peterson, O.H., Ann. Otol., etc., St. Louis, 1932, xli, 238–39; bilateral ?membranous atresia; F. newborn.Google Scholar
Pfingst, A.O., Laryngoscope, St. Louis, 1914, xxiv, 179–82; bilateral bony atresia; F. 24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Phelps, K. A., Trans. Amer. Acad. Ophth., 1925, xxx, 353–63.Google Scholar
Piffl, , (Bohemia), Münch. med. Wschr., 1910, i, No. 9, 501; right bony atresia and hyperhydrosis; F. I8.Google Scholar
Pluder, F., Leipzig, 1896, also Festschr. ärz. Vereins, Hamb., 1896, S.219–38; Index Medicus; cited Haag and Baurowicz; left bony atresia; F. 16.Google Scholar
Polson, C. J., J. Laryng., 1942, (a), lvii, 160–77; “Rhinitis Caseosa”CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Polson, C. J., J. Laryng., (b) PP. 416–17; “A post-mortem technique for the inspection and removal of the nasal structures”Google Scholar
Polson, C. J., J. Laryng., 1943, (a) lviii, 79–116; “On Rhinoliths”.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Polson, C. J., J. Laryng., 1943. 224–37 (231), “Contribution to a discussion on nasal allergy”.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pomeroy, O. D., 1881; cited Hubbell, Casselberry and Haag after Schwendt; right bony atresia; M.44Google Scholar
Pontoppidan, , 1916; cited Colver; on the operative treatment of atresia of the choanae.Google Scholar
Porter, W. G., Edinb. med. J., 1906, N.S. xix, 129–33; right complete amd left incomplete bony atresia; F. 21.Google Scholar
Porter, W. G., J. Laryng., 1907, xxii, 17–21; “On a fold sometimes to be foun1 in front of the posterior nasal opening”Google Scholar
Porto, G., Brasil-méd., 1929, xliii, 1393–95; Index Medicus; stenosis and atresia of nasal fossae.Google Scholar
Potter, F. H., Buffalo med. J., 1888–89, xxviii, 74–76Index-Cat. Surg. Gen., 2nd series, xii, 731, as anteriorGoogle Scholar
Potter, F. H., Buffalo med. J., 1888–89, xxviii p. 775, as posterior atresia; Index Medicus: anterior atresia.Google Scholar
Precechtel, A., 1938; cited Kelly D. B., transpalatal operation for atresia.Google Scholar
Prentiss, , see Dean, 1925; bilateral bony atresia; M. about 45; dissecting room specimen.Google Scholar
Prota, , 1904; cited Balla; four cases of membranous atresia in females of 43–60; ?acquired.Google Scholar
Quadri, A., Gas. méd. esp., 1908, xxvi, 337–40; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen.; bilateral congenital atresia; F. 13.Google Scholar
Rabinowitch, , 1913; cited Mouret and Cazejust; case of left atresia.Google Scholar
Raoult, , Rev. méd. Est., 1903, xxxv, 214; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen.; bilateral atresia; M. 22 months.Google Scholar
Reverchon, and Didier, (Lille), Ann. Otolaryng., Paris, 1933, No. 12, 1440–42; discussion 1442–44; right bony atresia M. 25.Google Scholar
Richardson, C. W., Ann. Otol., etc., St. Louis, 1913, xxii, 488–91.Google Scholar
Richardson, C. W., Trans. Amer. laryng. Ass., 1913, xxxv, 226–29; discussion 229–31; bilateral bony atresia: infant, newborn.Google Scholar
Richardson, C. W., Lancet 1914, ii, 439–44; general account of choanal atresia; no new case report.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Richter, E., Mschr. Ohrenheilk, 1901 XXXV, 170–72; right membrano?cartilaginous atresia; F. 6 weeks.Google Scholar
Ridout, C. A. S., Proc. R. Soc. Med., 1928–29, xxii, 159; discussion 159–60; bilateral atresia, M. I6.Google Scholar
Roberts, G. J., U.S. Nav. M. Bull., 1944, xliii, 1216–19; left bony atresia M. I8.Google Scholar
Robertson, W., Brit. med. J., 1890, i, 178: “A curious case of occlusion of the choanae”; F. 20.Google Scholar
Roederer, J. G., 1755; cited Otto; reference to defect of temporal bones and not to choanal atresia.Google Scholar
Rogers, F. L., Calif. West. Med., 1925, xxiii, 443–45; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen.; “Congenital nasal atresia ”.Google Scholar
Rolland, A. J. B., Gaz. méd. Montréal, 1889, iii, 155–57; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen.; cited Haag; left bony atresia; F. 28.Google Scholar
Ronaldson, T. R., Edinb. med. J., 1880–81, xxvi, 1035–36; bilateral ?membranous atresia; F. newborn; partial necropsy; first British case.Google Scholar
Rose, , Proc. R. Soc. Med., 1928–29, xxii, 159; in discussion, brief mention of experience of several cases of atresia.Google Scholar
Root, E. H., Wom. med. J., 1897, vi, 374–76; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen.; case of atresia; infant, newborn.Google Scholar
Roth, J. H., Ann. Otol., etc., St. Louis, 1926–27, xxxv, 948; left bony atresia F.35.Google Scholar
Roth, J. H., Ann. Otol., etc., 1926–27, 961–62; discussion 962–64; right bony atresia; F. 12 (See Roth and Geiger for identical report).Google Scholar
Roth, J. H. and Geiger, C. W., Ann. Otol., etc., St. Louis, 1926–27, xxxv, 849–55; right bony atresia F 12 (See Roth J. H., for identical case report).Google Scholar
Roth, W., Wien. Klin. Wschr., 1902, xxv, 221; in discussion, mention of case of bilateral bony atresia.Google Scholar
Ruggeri, L., Boll. Mal. Orecch., 1909, xxvii, 265–68; right bony atresia F. 15Google Scholar
Rugh, J. T., Philad. Polyclin., 1897, vi, 144.Google Scholar
Rugh, J. T., abstr., J. Laryng., 1897, xii, 465; right membranous atresia; F. 18.Google Scholar
Rutland, W. H., 1918; cited Hart and Colver; bilateral bony atresia, infant, newborn.Google Scholar
Santesson, , Forhandlinger vid Svenska läkare Sallskapets Sammenkomsta, 1866; Stockholm 1867, p. 303 Index-Cat. Surg. Gen.; cited Haag and Altmann via Schwendt; bilateral bony atresia; M. 23.Google Scholar
Santi, G., Valsalva, 1928, iv, 481–91 Index-Cat. Surg. Gen.; “Contributo ai diaframmi congeniti delle coane (nota clinica) ”.Google Scholar
Sattler, E. E., Clin. Chron., 05 1896Google Scholar
Sattler, E. E., abstr., J. Laryng., 1896, xi, 162–63; right bony atresia; F. 24, and left bony atresia; F. about 30.Google Scholar
Schadewaldt, , Berl. klin. Wschr., 1897, xxxiv, 79; in discussion, case of atresia; F. 30.Google Scholar
Schaeffer, J. P., Laryngoscope St. Louis, 1933, xliii, 480–81; General observations on causation of atresia.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schaeffer, J. P., Trans. Amer. laryng. Ass., 1934, lvi, 126–31; general statement; no case reports.Google Scholar
Schäffer, , 1885; cited Haag from Schwendt, and Knight; right bony atresia; M. 15.Google Scholar
Scheier, M., Berl. klin. Wschr., 1904, xli, No. 18, 483; right bony atresia; F. 21.Google Scholar
Scheppegrell, W., Ann. Ophth.Otol., 1894,iii 177–81; left atresia; F. 27; and right bony atresia; F. 16.Google Scholar
Schlemmer, F., Mschr. Ohrenheilk., 1912, xlvi, 1145–64; left incomplete membranous atresia; F. 44; Chiari's Type V (1909).Google Scholar
Schmiegelow, D. E., Verhandl. dänischen oto-laryng. Vereins, 20 10, 1900.Google Scholar
Schmiegelow, D. E., rep., Mschr. Ohrenheilk., 1900, xxxlV, 442–44 (S.444); bilateral congenital atresia; F. 17, and bilateral bony atresia; M. 36.Google Scholar
Schmiegelow, D. E., abstr. Ann. Otol., etc., St. Louis, 1904, xiii, 178; (J. F. Fischer), bilateral, probably membranous atresia F. 30.Google Scholar
Schmiegelow, D. E., Ugeskr. Laeg., 1915, lxvii, 1295–98.; Index-Cat. Sung. Gen., “A contribution to the surgical treatment of congenital atresia of the nares”Google Scholar
Schoetz, , (Berlin); 1887; cited Schoetz 1897; bilateral bony atresia F. 16.Google Scholar
Schoetz, , V also Berl. klin. Wschr., 1897, xxxiv, 79; left bony atresia; F. 13.Google Scholar
Schönstadt, , Berl. klin. Wschr., 1907, xliv, 965, left bony atresia; M. 15 weeks.Google Scholar
Schroetter, , Mschr. Ohrenheilk., 1885, xix, 97–102; bilateral bony atresia; F. 19; bibliography.Google Scholar
Schutter, W., Dutch Soc. Laryng. Rhin. Otol., 07 1894.Google Scholar
Schutter, W., rep., J. Laryng., 1895, ix, 465–6; right bony atresia; M. 59; cast of nose shown.Google Scholar
Schwartz, A. A. and Isaacs, H. J., Arch. Otolaryng., Chicago, 1942, xxxv. 603–12; right bony atresia; F. 18. and right mixed atresia; autopsy and detailed histology with illustrations M. 55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schweckendiek, H., Z. Hals–, Nas.–u. Ohrenheilk., 1937, xlii, 367–73; five cases; details of 2 incomplete; unilateral; 1 left; 3 right; transpalatine operation.Google Scholar
Schwendt, A., “Die Angeborenen Verschlüsse, etc.“, Rheims, 1890.Google Scholar
Schwendt, A., review, J. Laryng., 1890, iv, 359–60; cited Haag, and others; bilateral bony atresia; F. 15; table of 25 cases; good illustrations.Google Scholar
Schwendt, A., Mschr; Ohrenheilk., 1897, xxxi, 105–12; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen.; cited Daubret; bilateral bonyatresia F. 15.Google Scholar
Scoppetta, G., Boll. Mall. Orecch., 1908, xxvi, 168–77; right membranous atresia; M. 19, and brief details of two other cases.Google Scholar
Sercer, A., Rev. Laryng., Paris, 1923, xliv, 903–11; bilateral bony atresia; F. 13.Google Scholar
Sessous, , Berl. klin. Wschr., 1904, xli, 798; bilateral bony atresia; F. 5.Google Scholar
Siebenmann, , (Basel), Münch. med. Wschr., 1897, xliv, 983–85; “Ueber adenorden Habitus und Leptoprosopie sowie über das kurZe Septum der Chamaeprosopen”.Google Scholar
Siebenmann, , Wien. med. Wschr., 1899, No. 2, xlxix, 58–62; “Nasenhöhle und Gaumenwolbung bei den verschiedenen Gesichts-Schadelformen”; no case reports.Google Scholar
Silver, A., Med. Times Gaz., Lond., 1870, ii, 619; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen.; “Occlusion of the posterior nares”Google Scholar
Simon, , 1897; cited Haag, Porter and Baurowicz; right bonyatresia, F. 10Google Scholar
Simon, , 1897; cited Haag, Porter and Baurowicz; right bonyatresia, M. 32.Google Scholar
Solly, E., Trans din. Soc., Lond., 1891–92, xxv, 282; bilateral atresia F. 16.Google Scholar
Sommer, , (Prague); Wien. med. Presse, 1883, xxiv, 476; Index Medicus; cited Schroetter; left bony atresia; M. 19.Google Scholar
Steinzeug, A., Arch. Ohr.–Nas.–u. Kehlk.–Heilk., 1933, cxxxvii, 364–66; transpalatal operation; no case report.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stewart, J. P., Arch. Otolaryng., Chicago, 1931, xiii, 570–83; bilateral bony atresia; F. 18CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stewart, J. P., Arch. Otolaryng., Chicago, 1931, xiii, 570–83; bilateral bony atresia. F. I5; sisters; skiagrams; key paper; mention of 6 other cases, one published by Fraser, at Edinburgh.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stinson, W. D., Arch. Otolaryng., Chicago, 1932, xv, 101,–03; bilateral bonyatresia, F. 7 months, and right bony atresia; F. 14.Google Scholar
Stout, G. C., J. Amer. med. Ass., 1897, xxviii, 977; case of anterior nasal atresia; M. 3 months.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stupka, W., Z. Hals–, Nas.–u. Ohrenheilk., 1931, xxix, 322–350 “Zur Pathogenese der Choanal–atresie; bibliography; no case reports.Google Scholar
Stütz, L., Z. Ohrenheilk, 1912, lxv, 202–05; left atresia; F. 12.Google Scholar
Suchanneic, H., Dem. Gesellsch. Ärz. Canton Zurich, 17 November, 1892.Google Scholar
Suchanneic, H. rep., J. Laryng., 1892, vi, 277; bilateral bony atresia; M. II.Google Scholar
Swain, , Laryngoscope St. Louis, 1907, xvii, 316; in discussion, mention of two cases.Google Scholar
Symonds, C., J. Laryng., 1895, ix, 506; in discussion; case of atresia resembling that of Ball.Google Scholar
Tarasido, A. (or TARASODI), 1920; cited Index Bibliog., Rev. Laryng., 1923, xliv, 17: 41; “Atresie Choanale ”.Google Scholar
Tawse, H. B., J. Laryng., 1912, xxvii, 359–60; right bony atresia; M. 30.Google Scholar
Texier, V., Rev. Laryng., Paris, 1906, ii 209–11; Index MedicusGoogle Scholar
Texier, V., Rev. Laryng., Paris, 1906, i, 742–44. left bony atresia; F. 29;Google Scholar
Texier, V., Rev. Laryng., Paris, 1906, i, 742–44. left bony atresia; F. 19 and bilateral atresia; infant newborn.Google Scholar
Thacker-Neville, W. S., J. Laryng., 1927, xlii, 48–49; bilateral bony atresia; F. 10 days.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Theessen, S., Z. Laryng. Rhinol., 1926–27, XV, 193–208; left bony atresia; F. 20; illustrations; bibliography.Google Scholar
Thomasson, W. J., Laryngoscope St. Louis, 1915, xxv, 221–23; right bony atresia; M. 29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomson, , Stclair, , Proc. laryng. Soc., Lond., 1905–06, xiii, 71–72; unilateral mixed atresia F. 19.Google Scholar
Thrasher, A. B., Trans. A mer. laryng. Ass., 1895, xvii, 170; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen..Google Scholar
Thrasher, A. B., rep., J. Laryng., 1895, ix, 605; right bony atresia; M. 18 months; purulent rhinitis.Google Scholar
Tiemann, H., Verhandl. phys. med. Gesellsch., Würzb., 1896, N.F. xxx, 105–23; Index Medicus; “Uber die Bildung der primitiven choane bei Saugetieren ”.Google Scholar
Tilley, H., Proc. R. Soc. Med., 1926–1927, xx, Laryng. Sect., 42; bilateral mixed atresia; F. 5.Google Scholar
Torres, J. V., Rev. méd. Canarias, 1936, v, 6–10; Index Medicus; case of bilateral atresia.Google Scholar
Trendeleneburg, F., Billroth and Luecke's “Deutsche Chir.”, 1886–1913, Lief 33, p. 1561, para. 126, Stuttgart, by Enke; right mixed atresia; F. 15.Google Scholar
Turtur, G., Boll. Mal. Orecch., 1933, li, 317–21; left incomplete congenital atresia; F. 14.Google Scholar
Uffenorde, W., Z. Laryng. Rhinol., 1908, i, 475–77; cited Brunk; left bony atresia; M. 11.Google Scholar
Uffenorde, W., also Mschr. Ohrenheilk., 1911, xlv, 1321–23; left bony atresia, M. 30; bilateral incomplete atresia M. 19.Google Scholar
Uffenorde, W., Der Hals.-Nasen und Ohrenarzt., 1937, xxviii, 174–75; bilateral atresia F. 16.Google Scholar
Ullmann, H., Griefswald, , 1899; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen.; “Zur Casuistik des angeborenen doppleseitigen Choanal-verschlusses ”.Google Scholar
Vatilla, , 1912; cited Mouret and Cazejust; “Un cas d'occlusion membraneuse congénitale des choanes”.Google Scholar
Vogel, K., Z. Hals–, Nas.–u. Ohrenheilk., 1925, xi, 121–34; right bony atresia F. 15; left bony atresia M. 10Google Scholar
Vogel, K., Z. Hals–, Nas.–u. Ohrenheilk., 1925, xi, 121–34; F. 8; bibliography.Google Scholar
Voltolini, R., “Die Anwendung der Galvano-kaustik”. 2nd edn., Wien, 1871, S.260–61; right bony atresia, M. medical student.Google Scholar
Voss, , Münch. med. Wschr., 1910, ii No. 46; 2443; case of bilateral bony atresia:Google Scholar
Vulowitsch, H., Mschr. Ohrenheilk., 1926, lx, 113–18; right bony atresia and rhinolith, F. 16.Google Scholar
Waggett, E. B., Proc. laryng. Soc., Lond., 1905–06, xiii, 71–72; right mixed atresia M. 17.Google Scholar
Waldow, A., Arch. Laryng. Rhin., Berl., 1895, iii, 233–54; right bony atresia M. 18.Google Scholar
Walliczek, , Berl. klin. Wschr., 1913, No. 18, 848; right bony atresia F. ?adult.Google Scholar
Washburne, A. C., Arch. Otolaryng., Chicago. 1932, xvi, 789–90; “Congenital atresia of the anterior nares ”.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watson, A. W., Trans. med. Soc., Lond., 1891–92, xv, 306–19; bilateral bony atresia, M. 20; left side opened when 18.Google Scholar
Weaver, H. S., Homœop. Eye, Ear and Throat J., Lancaster, Pa., 1909, xv, 201–05; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen.; “Congenital bony occlusion of the post-nasal space”.Google Scholar
White, L. E., Laryngoscope St. Louis, 1918, xxviii, 571–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
White, L. E., Boston med. J., 1919, clxxx, 153–59; right bony atresia, M. 50; and bilateral bony atresia; F. 18; bibliography.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whittaker, , Cincinn. Lancet-Clin., 1879, N.S. ii, 442; Index Cat. Surg. Gen.; right atresia and hyperhydrosis.Google Scholar
Wildenberg, , Van, Den, 1921; cited Vogel; “Einige Fälle von angeborener Choanalatresie ”.Google Scholar
Wilkerson, T. B., 1882, cited Clark J. P., Hart, and Hubbell; “Bony occlusion of both posterior nares. Perforation of the septum with the revolving trochar; successful ”.Google Scholar
Winslow, J. R., Amer. med. surg. Bull., 02 15, 1895.Google Scholar
Winslow, J. R., abstr., J. Laryng. 1895, ix, 415: 848; bilateral bony atresia, M. 18Google Scholar
Winslow, J. R., Trans. Amer. laryng. Ass., 1915, xxxvii, 184–86; bilateral membranous atresia and sinusitis; F. 20.Google Scholar
Wolff, L., Arch. Laryng. Rhin., Ben., 1903, xiii, 293–95; left bony atresia; F. 53.Google Scholar
Woltering, (Münster), Mschr. Ohrenheilk, 1886, xx, 318–19; right bony atresia; F. 18.Google Scholar
Wright, A. J. M., J. Laryng., 1922, xxxvii, 556–59; bilateral bony atresia; F. 14CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wright, A. J. M., J. Laryng., 1922, xxxvii, 556–59; bilateral bony atresia; F. 15; sisters.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zanni, G., Oto–rino–laning., ital., 1933, iii, 205–16; left mixed atresia; F. 10; right bony atresia; F. 8; left mixed atresia; F. 23, and right ?bony atresia; F. 31.Google Scholar
Zaufal, E., Prag. med. Wschr., 1876; No. 45, 837–40; Index-Cat. Surg. Gen., cited Haag and Schroetter; right bony atresia; F. 15.Google Scholar
Zaufal, E., Mschr. Ohrenheilk., 1879, cited Haag from Schwendt; left bony atresia; M. 14.Google Scholar
Ziem, , (Hamburg), Mschr. Ohrenheilk., 1883, xvii, 21: 43: 61: 89 “Ueber Asymmetrie des Schadels bei Nasenkrankheiten ”.Google Scholar
Zimmermann, , Mschr. Ohrenheilk., 1920, liv, 1034–35; bilateral ?acquired atresia; F. 11; syphilitic.Google Scholar
Zuckerkandl, E., “Anatomie Normale et pathologique des fosses nasales” French Trans. (Lichtwitz, L. and Garnault, P..); Paris, 1895; Vol. i, 267Google Scholar
Zuckerkandl, E., “Anatomie Normale et pathologique des fosses nasales” French Trans. (Lichtwitz, L. and Garnault, P..); Paris, 1895; Vol. ii, pl., xxiv, fig. 3; left incomplete atresia; M. adult; macerated specimen.Google Scholar