Megaflooding on Earth and Mars

doi:10.1017/CBO9780511635632

Megaflooding is the sudden discharge of exceptional volumes of water. Megafloods have significantly altered the terrain of Earth and Mars, and may have acted as triggers for climate change on these planets. Recently, research into megaflooding has made important advances: on Earth, real-time measurements of contemporary floods in Iceland complement research into older and larger terrestrial floods, while on Mars terabytes of data from several spacecraft orbiting that planet are dramatically revising our view of flooding there. Beginning with a historical overview of flood science, the book presents sections on morphology and mechanisms, flood sedimentology, and modelling, each illustrated with examples from Earth and Mars. By juxtaposing terrestrial and Martian research, this volume creates a unique synthesis to further our understanding of these enormous paleoflood events. It is an invaluable reference for researchers and students of hydrology, geomorphology, sedimentology and planetary science, as well as environmental and hydraulic engineers.

"...papers compliment one another nicely with minor overlap, and together they constitute a good overview of what has been learned since Bretz's theory gained wide acceptance. They also convey the nature of these flood events and their geological importance ...Recommended." CHOICE

"...an important book for understanding the recent catacyclismic glacial outburst floods on Earth, and similar events in the past on Mars. This book is beautifully illustrated in color and line-drawing, including the shaded photo and SAR images from low-look angles, and will delight the readers." The Leading Edge

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Contents

Frontmatter
pp i-iv
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Contents
pp v-vii
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List of contributors
pp viii-x
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1 - Overview of megaflooding: Earth and Mars
pp 1-12
- By Victor R. Baker
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2 - Channel-scale erosional bedforms in bedrock and in loose granular material: character, processes and implications
pp 13-32
- By Paul A. Carling, Jürgen Herget, Julia K. Lanz, Keith Richardson, Andrea Pacifici
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3 - A review of open-channel megaflood depositional landforms on Earth and Mars
pp 33-49
- By Paul A. Carling, Devon M. Burr, Timothy F. Johnsen, Tracy A. Brennand
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4 - Jökulhlaups in Iceland: sources, release and drainage
pp 50-64
- By Helgi Björnsson
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5 - Channeled Scabland morphology
pp 65-77
- By Victor R. Baker
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6 - The morphology and sedimentology of landforms created by subglacial megafloods
pp 78-103
- By Mandy J. Munro-Stasiuk, John Shaw, Darren B. Sjogren, Tracy A. Brennand, Timothy G. Fisher, David R. Sharpe, Philip S.G. Kor, Claire L. Beaney, Bruce B. Rains
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7 - Proglacial megaflooding along the margins of the Laurentide Ice Sheet
pp 104-127
- By Alan E. Kehew, Mark L. Lord, Andrew L. Kozlowski, Timothy G. Fisher
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8 - Floods from natural rock-material dams
pp 128-171
- By Jim E. O'Connor, Robin A. Beebee
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9 - Surface morphology and origin of outflow channels in the Valles Marineris region
pp 172-193
- By Neil M. Coleman, Victor R. Baker
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10 - Floods from fossae: a review of Amazonian-aged extensional–tectonic megaflood channels on Mars
pp 194-208
- By Devon M. Burr, Lionel Wilson, Alistair S. Bargery
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11 - Large basin overflow floods on Mars
pp 209-224
- By Rossman P. Irwin III, John A. Grant
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12 - Criteria for identifying jökulhlaup deposits in the sedimentary record
pp 225-242
- By Philip M. Marren, Matthias Schuh
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13 - Megaflood sedimentary valley fill: Altai Mountains, Siberia
pp 243-264
- By Paul A. Carling, I. Peter Martini, Jürgen Herget, Pavel Borodavko, Sergei Parnachov
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14 - Modelling of subaerial jökulhlaups in Iceland
pp 265-272
- By Snorri Páll Kjaran, Sigurður Lárus Hólm, Eric M. Myer, Tómas Jóhannesson, Peter Sampl
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15 - Jökulhlaups from Kverkfjöll volcano, Iceland: modelling transient hydraulic phenomena
pp 273-289
- By Jonathan L. Carrivick
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16 - Dynamics of fluid flow in Martian outflow channels
pp 290-311
- By Lionel Wilson, Alistair S. Bargery, Devon M. Burr
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Index
pp 312-319
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Plate section
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Megaflooding on Earth and Mars

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Contents

Frontmatter
pp i-iv

Contents
pp v-vii

List of contributors
pp viii-x

1 - Overview of megaflooding: Earth and Mars
pp 1-12

2 - Channel-scale erosional bedforms in bedrock and in loose granular material: character, processes and implications
pp 13-32

3 - A review of open-channel megaflood depositional landforms on Earth and Mars
pp 33-49

4 - Jökulhlaups in Iceland: sources, release and drainage
pp 50-64

5 - Channeled Scabland morphology
pp 65-77

6 - The morphology and sedimentology of landforms created by subglacial megafloods
pp 78-103

7 - Proglacial megaflooding along the margins of the Laurentide Ice Sheet
pp 104-127

8 - Floods from natural rock-material dams
pp 128-171

9 - Surface morphology and origin of outflow channels in the Valles Marineris region
pp 172-193

10 - Floods from fossae: a review of Amazonian-aged extensional–tectonic megaflood channels on Mars
pp 194-208

11 - Large basin overflow floods on Mars
pp 209-224

12 - Criteria for identifying jökulhlaup deposits in the sedimentary record
pp 225-242

13 - Megaflood sedimentary valley fill: Altai Mountains, Siberia
pp 243-264

14 - Modelling of subaerial jökulhlaups in Iceland
pp 265-272

15 - Jökulhlaups from Kverkfjöll volcano, Iceland: modelling transient hydraulic phenomena
pp 273-289

16 - Dynamics of fluid flow in Martian outflow channels
pp 290-311

Index
pp 312-319

Plate section

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Megaflooding on Earth and Mars

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