Hostname: page-component-77f85d65b8-grvzd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-04-17T16:21:41.956Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

ON SOME PECULIAR TERRACOTTA NAILS FOUND IN AMYAN (KURDISTAN REGION OF IRAQ)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 February 2024

Barbara Couturaud
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

In 2019, three fragments of terracotta nails were discovered at the site of Amyan (Kurdistan region of Iraq, Duhok Governorate), probably dated to the second half of the second millennium B.C. Typologically unprecedented, they nonetheless belong to the well-known category of nails found throughout Mesopotamia and Susiana, dating from the fourth to first millennia B.C. This article publishes the nails from Amyan and also contextualises them by comparing them to other terracotta nails found in northern Mesopotamia and dated to the second half of the second millennium B.C. By doing so, I ultimately propose an initial typology of these objects.

في عام 2019 ، تم اكتشاف ثلاث شظايا من مسامير من الطين في موقع أميان (كردستان العراق ، محافظة دهوك ) ، ربما يعود تاريخها إلى النصف الثاني من الألفية الثانية قبل الميلاد. يبدو أنها غير مسبوقة من الناحية النمطية ، لكنها مع ذلك تنتمي إلى فئة معروفة من المسامير الموجودة في جميع أنحاء بلاد الرافدين وسهول سوسيانا في خوزستان، والتي يعود تاريخها إلى الألفية الرابعة إلى الأولى قبل الميلاد. في هذه المقالة ، لا ننشر عن المسامير من أميان فحسب ، بل نضعها أيضًا في سياقها من خلال مقارنتها بمسامير أخرى من الطين الموجودة في شمال وادي الرافدين يعود تاريخها الى النصف الثاني من الألفية الثانية قبل الميلاد. سنقترح في النهاية من خلال القيام بذلك تعريفًا أوليًا لهذه الأشياء.

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
IRAQ , Volume 85 , December 2023 , pp. 137 - 150
Copyright
Copyright © The British Institute for the Study of Iraq 2024

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Andrae, W. 1935. Die Jüngeren Ischtar-Tempel in Assur. Leipzig: Hinrichs'sche Buchhandlung.Google Scholar
Babour, T. 2020. “The Pottery”. In Couturaud, B., ed. Archaeological Expedition in Amyan. Report of the First Campaign (2019). Erbil: General Directorate of Antiquities: 66‒73. [online] https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02610503/documentGoogle Scholar
Carter, T. H. 1964. “Early Assyrians in the Sinjar”. Expedition 7: 34‒42.Google Scholar
Colantoni, C., Makinson, M. and Skuldbøl, T.. 2018. “The Assyrian Eastern Frontier, Girdi Gulak, a Fortified Settlement in the Zagros Foothills. Preliminary Results of the Danish Archaeological Expedition to Iraq”. Ash-Sharq 2: 13‒23.Google Scholar
Colonna d'Istria, L. 2020. “Sounding A2”. In Couturaud, B., ed. Archaeological Expedition in Amyan. Report of the First Campaign (2019). Erbil: General Directorate of Antiquities: 47‒56. [online] https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02610503/documentGoogle Scholar
Couturaud, B., ed. 2020a. Archaeological Expedition in Amyan. Report of the First Campaign (2019). Erbil: General Directorate of Antiquities. [online] https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02610503/documentGoogle Scholar
Couturaud, B. 2020b. “The Artefacts”. In Couturaud, B., ed. Archaeological Expedition in Amyan. Report of the First Campaign (2019). Erbil: General Directorate of Antiquities: 74‒83. [online] https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02610503/documentGoogle Scholar
Couturaud, B. 2020c. “Sounding A3”. In Couturaud, B., ed. Archaeological Expedition in Amyan. Report of the First Campaign (2019). Erbil: General Directorate of Antiquities: 57‒65. [online] https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02610503/documentGoogle Scholar
Couturaud, B. 2021. “La Mésopotamie du nord et le pays de Ninive : nouvelles recherches à Amyan”. Syria 98: 265–288. [online] https://journals.openedition.org/syria/11284CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Couturaud, B. and Mouamar, G.. Forthcoming. “Ceramic Production of the Late Bronze Age: A New Look from Amyan”.Google Scholar
Eickhoff, T. 1985. Kar Tukulti-Ninurta, eine mittelassyrische Kult- und Residenzstadt. Berlin: Gebr. Mann Verlag.Google Scholar
Hemker, C. 1993. “Wandnägel im Alten Orient”. Mitteilungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft zu Berlin 125: 113‒131.Google Scholar
Koliński, R. 2020. Catalogue of Archaeological Sites. Navkūr Plain. Kārbk Stream Basin. Wiesbaden: Harrasowitz Verlag.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Loud, G. 1936. Khorsabad, Part 1: Excavations in the Palace and at a City Gate. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Loud, G. and Altman, C.. 1938. Khorsabad, Part 2: The Citadel and the Town. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Margueron, J.-C. 1982. “Architecture et urbanisme”. In Beyer, D., ed. Meskéné-Emar. Dix ans de travaux 1972‒1982. Paris: Éditions recherche sur les civilisations, pp. 23‒39.Google Scholar
Maul, S. M. 2005. Die Inschriften von Tall Ṭābān (Grabungskampagnen 1997–1999): Die Könige von Aābētu und das Land Māri in mittelassyrischer Zeit. Tokyo: The Institute for Cultural Studies, Kokushikan University.Google Scholar
McEwan, C. W., L. S. Braidwood, H. Frankfort, H. G. Güterbock, R. C. Haines, H. J. Kantor, and Kraeling, C. H.. 1958. Soundings at Tell Fakhariyah. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Miglus, P. A., Bürger, U., Fetner, R. A., Mühl, S. and Sollee, A.. 2013. “Excavation at Bakr Awa 2010 and 2011”. Iraq 75: 43‒88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morandi Bonacossi, D. 2020. “The Amyan Archaeological Complex Survey by the Land of Nineveh Archaeological Project”. In Couturaud, B., ed. Archaeological Expedition in Amyan. Report of the First Campaign (2019). Erbil: General Directorate of Antiquities: 14‒26. [online] https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02610503/documentGoogle Scholar
Morandi Bonacossi, D. and Iamoni, M.. 2020. “Landscape and Settlement in the Eastern Upper Iraqi Tigris and Navkur Plains: The Land of Nineveh Archaeological Project, Seasons 2012–2013”. Iraq 77: 9‒39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morandi Bonacossi, D., Qassim, H., Coppini, C., Gavagnin, K., Girotto, E., Iamoni, M. and Tonghini, C.. 2018. “The Italian-Kurdish Excavations at Gir-e Gomel in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Preliminary Report on the 2017 and 2018 Field Seasons”. Mesopotamia 53: 67‒162.Google Scholar
Othman, A. 2021. “Drawings Of Archaeological Objects”. In Couturaud, B., ed. Mission archéologique d'Amyan. Preliminary Report, Study Campaign-2021. Erbil: General Directorate of Antiquities: 12‒13.Google Scholar
Pique, M., Amin, N. Ali and Sharef, O.. 2020. “Sounding A1”. In Couturaud, B., ed. Archaeological Expedition in Amyan. Report of the First Campaign (2019). Erbil: General Directorate of Antiquities: 36‒46. [online] https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02610503/documentGoogle Scholar
Postgate, C., Oates, D. and Oates, J.. 1997. The Excavations at Tell Al Rimah: The Pottery. Warminster: British School of Archaeology in Iraq.Google Scholar
Puljiz, I. and Qassim, H.. 2018. “Exploring the Middle Assyrian Countryside in the Middle Tigris Region. The 2017 Season of Excavations at Muqable III”. Zeitschrift für Orient-Archäologie 11: 88‒109.Google Scholar
Puljiz, I., and Qassim, H.. 2019. “A New Mitanni Center on the Middle Tigris (Kurdistan Region). Report on the 2018 Excavations at Kemune”. Zeitschrift für Orient-Archäologie 12: 10‒43.Google Scholar
Starr, R. F. S. 1937‒39. Nuzi. Report on the Excavations at Yorgan Tepa near Kirkuk, Iraq, Conducted by Harvard University in Conjunction with the American School of Oriental Research and the University Museum of Philadelphia 1927‒1931. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Tourtet, F. 2013. “Distribution, Materials and Functions of the ‘Wall Knobs’ in the Near Eastern Late Bronze Age: From South-Western Iran to the Middle Euphrates”. In De Graef, K. and Tavernier, J., eds. Susa and Elam. Archaeological, Philological, Historical and Geographical Perspectives. Proceedings of the International Congress Held at Ghent University, December 14–17, 2009. Leiden: Brill, pp. 173‒90.Google Scholar