Why do some donor governments pursue international development through recipient governments, while others bypass such local authorities? Weaving together scholarship in political economy, public administration and historical institutionalism, Simone Dietrich argues that the bureaucratic institutions of donor countries shape donor–recipient interactions differently despite similar international and recipient country conditions. Donor nations employ institutional constraints that authorize, enable and justify particular aid delivery tactics while precluding others. Offering quantitative and qualitative analyses of donor decision-making, the book illuminates how donors with neoliberally organized public sectors bypass recipient governments, while donors with more traditional public-sector-oriented institutions cooperate and engage recipient authorities on aid delivery. The book demonstrates how internal beliefs and practices about states and markets inform how donors see and set their objectives for foreign aid and international development itself. It informs debates about aid effectiveness and donor coordination and carries implications for the study of foreign policy, more broadly.

Co-Winner, 2021 International Collaboration Section Best Book Award, American Political Science Association

‘This book is essential reading for those in the academic or policy community who want to understand the variation in foreign aid policies of donor countries. Drawing on a diverse set of theories and using a creative multi-method approach, Dietrich shows how ideological orientations about the role of the state in donor countries shape foreign aid institutions and, therefore, aid delivery patterns. The book is impressive in its theoretical and empirical contributions to key questions in the field of international political economy.'

Jon Pevehouse - University of Wisconsin-Madison

'This book provides a novel perspective on the politics of foreign aid in donor countries. It represents an important advance in our knowledge of what forces shape the giving of assistance to developing countries. And it helps us account for why the process of aid-giving is so different across donor countries.'

Helen Milner - B.C. Forbes Professor of Politics and International Affairs, Princeton University

'We cannot make progress on the fundamental question of whether foreign aid is effective without understanding why donor agencies pursue such different strategies to achieve their goals. Drawing on extensive interviews with aid decision-makers and sophisticated quantitative analysis, Dietrich expertly illuminates the historical roots of donor practices, challenging the idea that there is a single model of aid effectiveness to which all governments should aspire and around which we should expect convergence. In order to be practical and implementable, foreign aid strategies must align with the underlying ideological orientation of the donor government – a hugely important insight that is relevant to scholars, policymakers, and practitioners concerned with donor coordination and the impact of foreign aid on recipient countries.'

Jeremy Weinstein - Professor of Political Science, Stanford University

'Dietrich's excellent book is a must-read for scholars of political economy. It shows that national ideas about the state's proper role in the economy shape aid-delivery institutions, which can either help build state capacity in the developing world, or bypass governments to deliver aid directly to people in need. Considering the literature's focus on the strategic and materialist motivations behind foreign aid, this book makes a surprisingly strong case for the importance of ideology.'

James Vreeland - Professor of Politics and International Affairs, Princeton University

‘Dietrich offers a deep analysis of how and why donors engage or bypass government that provide a useful lens for that assessment.’

George Ingram - Brookings

‘A timely book, very clearly written, methodologically sound, conceptually precise, whose scientific objectives are ambitious. Simone Dietrich offers an in-depth examination of the beliefs and ideological landscapes informing foreign aid. She offers a mise en parallèle of several institutions across times and spaces, during and after the end of the Cold War. A useful and important reading for scholars and practitioners.’

Davide Rodogno - Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies.

‘States, Markets, and Foreign Aid explains why some donor governments provide aid directly to recipient governments while others choose to bypass local authorities. The book’s novelty is in the suggestion that to understand aid delivery, we must analyze aid agencies as domestic agencies first. Approaching aid that way reveals that foreign aid reflects and mirrors domestic ideational orientations of the donor country. The elegance of the argument is an outcome of incredible and careful research. The book is a wonderful example of what excellent social science should look like. It uses quantitative measures as well as qualitative case studies. It explores and relies on deep historical context. It engages with existing approaches to foreign aid as well as broader theories in political science and sociology. These empirical and theoretical engagements offer a real contribution to the field.’

Nitsan Chorev - Harmon Family Professor of Sociology and International Studies, Brown University.