Figures
2.1Key elements in the extended framework of research involving children in second language education
2.2Types of research: ‘On’, ‘about’, ‘with’ and ‘by’ (on a continuum)
3.4Identity collage created by a multilingual child (Sophie’s collage, from Prasad, Reference Prasad2020, p. 919)
3.5The continuum between research ‘with’ and research ‘by’ children
6.2Empty boxes representing different activities inviting children to place one, two or three beans to evaluate their experiences
6.3Diamond ranking tool (Zandian, Reference Zandian, Pinter and Kuchah2021)
6.5Body map–inspired identity text produced by a Polish–English bilingual EAL learner and a Vietnamese–English bilingual EAL learner in England
6.6Can stories develop our language proficiency? Child questionnaire from Rout (Reference Rout, Pinter and Mathew2017)
6.7Example of a questionnaire from child-led research (Pinter, Reference Pinter and Eckhoff2019)
6.8Examples of children’s data analysis slides from the child-led project (Pinter, Reference Pinter and Eckhoff2019)
8.1An example of running multiple child-led research projects in a school (Fielding & Bragg, Reference Fielding and Bragg2003, p. 42)
