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Figures

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 April 2023

Edited by
Aneta Pavlenko
Aneta Pavlenko
Affiliation:
University of York

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Chapter
Information
Multilingualism and History , pp. vii - ix
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

Figures

  1. 1.1Trilingual royal chancery in Palermo, with Greek, Saracen (Arabic), and Latin scribes

  2. 1.2100 Austro-Hungarian krona (1912), obverse

  3. 1.3Dublin Court of Exchequer at work

  4. 1.4Trilingual arrest warrant (1848)

  5. 1.5(a) Quranic mottos in the church of Santa Maria dell’Ammiraglio, Palermo. (b) Medallion with formulaic wishes of fortune and prosperity in Arabic in the Samuel ha-Levi (El Tránsito) synagogue, Toledo

  6. 1.6Maravedi of Alfonso VIII, minted in 1191 AD

  7. 1.7Arabic and Hebrew on the tomb of Fernando III, Cathedral of Seville

  8. 1.8Russia’s bilingual military code, second edition, 1737

  9. 1.9Multilingual communication form for doctors and wounded soldiers in the Austro-Hungarian army (Scheer, 2017)

  10. 1.10(a) Russian-German sign for Pochtovaya Street installed in 1768. Dvortsovaya naberezhnaya 34, St. Petersburg. (b) Restored German-Czech street sign, Prague

  11. 1.11Multilingual signage at the turn of the twentieth century: (a) St. Petersburg: Nevsky 20, home of St Petersburger Zeitung, the German bookstore and library of Andreas Isler, and the Grand Magasin de Paris. (b) Philadelphia: Christian Street 821, home of Banca Frank di Berardino that doubled as an Italian travel agency and a telegraph office

  12. 1.12(a) Street sign in Swedish, Finnish, and Russian from the early twentieth century, Helsinki. (b) Street sign in Slovak, German, and Magyar from the 1920s, Bratislava

  13. 1.13(a) “Out with the language” / “I speak German,” a German-medium campaign aimed at migrants in Germany, 2010–2011. (b) “Untie your tongue” / “Learn the language – it’s worth it,” a Russian-medium campaign aimed at Russian speakers in Estonia, 2010

  14. 3.1(a) Spinning with a distaff, drop spindle, and whorl (b) Distribution of inscribed Roman-period spindle whorls

  15. 3.2Replicas made by Potted History for LatinNow of spindle whorls with the texts NATA VIMPI/CVRMI DA; NATA VIMPI/VI(nu?)M POTA; MARCOSIOR MATERNIA

  16. 4.1List of discharged veterans from Viminacium (CIL III 14507)

  17. 4.2Pension record card for Ahmed Almi

  18. 4.3Medal Roll for Solomon Negima

  19. 4.4Medal Roll for Getzel Selikovitch

  20. 5.1Extract from London Metropolitan Archives CLA/007/FN/03/001, Bridge House Accounts Weekly Payments 1st series volume 1, fo 1. 1404–1405

  21. 10.1Kocja column in Strachopud 11 (1912), pp. 3–4

  22. 10.2Na štaflu in Nový Paleček 11 (1894), p. 88

  23. 11.1Subject nationalities of the German alliance (detail), 1917

  24. 11.2Baker standing in front of the “American Bakery” that displays signs in Armenian, Ladino (in Hebrew characters), English, Ottoman Turkish, Greek, and Russian with samples of bread attached to the mullions, Ortaköy, Istanbul, Turkey, 1922

  25. 11.3Greek chiropodist in Salonica (Thessaloniki) advertises his services in Ottoman Turkish, Greek, French, Armenian, and Ladino in 1920, three years after the city ceased to be part of the Ottoman Empire

  26. 15.1Ads in Polish and Yiddish for Halpern’s fabric store and warehouse, Skład towarów bławatnych, on Nalyvaiko Street 13, Lviv

  27. 15.2Arabic in Toledo: (a) Street plaque with former street names, installed in 2018. (b) A Kufic sign on the apsidal arch of the church Cristo de la Luz, offering a formulaic blessing al-yumn wa al-iqbal [fortune and prosperity]

  28. 15.3French in St. Petersburg: (a) Passage in 1902. (b) Restored French sign, Passage, Nevsky Prospect 48

  29. 15.4(a) Au Pont Rouge in 1913. (b) Restored bilingual signs, Au Pont Rouge, Moika Embankment 73

  30. 15.5German in St. Petersburg: (a) Russian–German sign for Dvortsovaya Street, installed in 1768. Dvortsovaya Embankment 34. (b) Flood tablet in German “The height of water on November 7, 1824,” Grazhdanskaya 19

  31. 15.6Café Sztuka, with restored Polish and Yiddish ads for groceries and haberdashery, Kotlyarska Street 8, Lviv

  32. 15.7(a) German–Ukrainian banners in the city of Zhovkva, near Lviv, in 1941: “Heil Hitler! Glory to Hitler! Glory to Bandera!” (b) Monument to OUN leader Stepan Bandera (1909–1959), erected in 2007, Lviv

  33. 15.8Anti-Semitic graffiti, Kulish Street 1, Lviv

  34. 15.9Monument of Cossack Ivan Pidkova with a small horseshoe plaque covering up the word ‘Russians’, Lviv

  35. 15.10(a) Street sign in Italian, Hebrew, and Arabic in the historic Jewish quarter, La Giudecca. Via Divisi, Palermo, (b) Defaced trilingual sign on Via dei Martiri, Palermo

  36. 15.11Lviv’s faux ghost signs with added Ukrainian: (a) Pawn shop with Polish terms for ‘gold,’ ‘silver,’ and ‘watches’ on the left and Ukrainian words for ‘pawn shop’ and ‘money’ on the right. Corner of Shpytalna and Koptyarska Streets. (b) Dairy store with a Ukrainian word for ‘groceries’ alongside ill-fitting cognates in Polish and German and a Hebrew term Kulish Street 1

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  • Figures
  • Edited by Aneta Pavlenko, University of York
  • Book: Multilingualism and History
  • Online publication: 20 April 2023
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  • Figures
  • Edited by Aneta Pavlenko, University of York
  • Book: Multilingualism and History
  • Online publication: 20 April 2023
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  • Figures
  • Edited by Aneta Pavlenko, University of York
  • Book: Multilingualism and History
  • Online publication: 20 April 2023
Available formats
×