Skeletal Biology of the Ancient Rapanui (Easter Islanders)

doi:10.1017/CBO9781139151856

Disseminating what is currently known about the skeletal biology of the ancient Rapanui and placing it within the wider context of Polynesian skeletal variation, this volume is the culmination of over thirty years of research into the remotely inhabited Easter Island. Compiling osteological data deriving from Rapanui skeletal remains into one succinct analysis, this book demonstrates how the application of modern skeletal biology research techniques can effectively be employed to address questions of human population origins and microevolution. Craniometrics and DNA analysis are used to provide indications as to Rapanui ancestral lineage. Evidence is presented in a user-friendly manner to allow researchers and graduates to critically analyse the current knowledge of prehistoric Rapanui skeletal variation. An important resource providing valuable evidence from human biology that modifies earlier archaeological and cultural anthropological views, this book will stimulate further research into the Rapanui.

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Contents

Frontmatter
pp i-vi
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Contents
pp vii-viii
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List of contributors
pp ix-x
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Acknowledgements
pp xi-xiv
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1 - Introduction: Research overview
pp 1-13
- By George W. Gill, University of Wyoming, WY, USA
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2 - Review of Polynesian and Pacific skeletal biology
pp 14-38
- By Michael Pietrusewsky, University of Hawai`i at Manoa, HI, USA, Michele Toomay Douglas, University of Hawai`i at Manoa, HI, USA
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3 - Chronology and Easter Island prehistory
pp 39-65
- By Carl P. Lipo, Binghamton University (SUNY), NY, USA, Terry L. Hunt, University of Hawai`i at Manoa, HI, USA
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4 - A descriptive skeletal biology analysis of the ancient Easter Island population
pp 66-88
- By George W. Gill, University of Wyoming, WY, USA, Vincent H. Stefan, Herbert H. Lehman College, CUNY, NY, USA
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5 - Craniometric variation of the prehistoric Polynesians and Rapanui
pp 89-107
- By Vincent H. Stefan, Herbert H. Lehman College, CUNY, NY, USA
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6 - Rapanui non-metric cranial traits
pp 108-118
- By Patrick M. Chapman, South Puget Sound Community College, WA, USA
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7 - Intra-island discrete cranial trait variation
pp 119-130
- By Thomas Furgeson, Olympia, WA, USA, George W. Gill, University of Wyoming, WY, USA
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8 - Continuous non-metric characteristics of the early Rapanui
pp 131-154
- By George W. Gill, University of Wyoming, WY, USA
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9 - Rapanui dental morphology
pp 155-166
- By Vincent H. Stefan, Herbert H. Lehman College, CUNY, NY, USA, Randy Rozen, Castle Rock, CO, USA
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10 - Pelvic variability and sexual dimorphism in prehistoric Rapanui
pp 167-181
- By Amber Harrison, Tucson, AZ, USA, Nathan K. Harper, Las Vegas, NV, USA
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11 - Genetic affinities of the Rapanui
pp 182-201
- By Erika Hagelberg, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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12 - Archaeogenetics and paleodemographic estimation of founding populations: Features of residential geography on Rapa Nui
pp 202-221
- By John V. Dudgeon, Idaho State University, ID, USA, Amy S. Commendador, Idaho State University, ID, USA, Monica Tromp, Idaho State University, ID, USA
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13 - Evidence for injuries and violent death
pp 222-252
- By Douglas W. Owsley, Smithsonian Institution, DC, USA, Kathryn G. Barca, Smithsonian Institution, DC, USA, Vicki E. Simon, Smithsonian Institution, DC, USA, George W. Gill, University of Wyoming, WY, USA
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14 - Demographic analysis of modified crania from Rapa Nui
pp 253-268
- By Douglas W. Owsley, Smithsonian Institution, DC, USA, Vicki E. Simon, Smithsonian Institution, DC, USA, Kathryn G. Barca, Smithsonian Institution, DC, USA, Jo Anne Van Tilburg, Cotsen Institute of Archaeology, UCLA, CA, USA, Deidre Whitmore, Easter Island Statue Project, Santa Monica, CA, USA
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15 - East Polynesian and Paleoindian parallels and contrasts in skeletal morphology
pp 269-285
- By George W. Gill, University of Wyoming, WY, USA
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16 - Rapanui origins, relationships, and warfare: A summary in theoretical context
pp 286-302
- By George W. Gill, University of Wyoming, WY, USA, Vincent H. Stefan, Herbert H. Lehman College, CUNY, NY, USA
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References
pp 303-333
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Index
pp 334-335
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Skeletal Biology of the Ancient Rapanui (Easter Islanders)

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Contents

Frontmatter
pp i-vi

Contents
pp vii-viii

List of contributors
pp ix-x

Acknowledgements
pp xi-xiv

1 - Introduction: Research overview
pp 1-13

2 - Review of Polynesian and Pacific skeletal biology
pp 14-38

3 - Chronology and Easter Island prehistory
pp 39-65

4 - A descriptive skeletal biology analysis of the ancient Easter Island population
pp 66-88

5 - Craniometric variation of the prehistoric Polynesians and Rapanui
pp 89-107

6 - Rapanui non-metric cranial traits
pp 108-118

7 - Intra-island discrete cranial trait variation
pp 119-130

8 - Continuous non-metric characteristics of the early Rapanui
pp 131-154

9 - Rapanui dental morphology
pp 155-166

10 - Pelvic variability and sexual dimorphism in prehistoric Rapanui
pp 167-181

11 - Genetic affinities of the Rapanui
pp 182-201

12 - Archaeogenetics and paleodemographic estimation of founding populations: Features of residential geography on Rapa Nui
pp 202-221

13 - Evidence for injuries and violent death
pp 222-252

14 - Demographic analysis of modified crania from Rapa Nui
pp 253-268

15 - East Polynesian and Paleoindian parallels and contrasts in skeletal morphology
pp 269-285

16 - Rapanui origins, relationships, and warfare: A summary in theoretical context
pp 286-302

References
pp 303-333

Index
pp 334-335

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Skeletal Biology of the Ancient Rapanui (Easter Islanders)

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