The extent to which observed differences in emotion processing andregulation neural circuitry in adolescents with a history of suicide attemptare paralleled by structural differences is unknown. We measured braincortical thickness and grey- and white-matter volumes in 100 adolescents: 28with a history of suicide attempt and major depressive disorder (MDD); 31with a history of MDD but no suicide attempt; and a healthy control group (n = 41). The first group compared with controls showedreduction in grey-matter volume in the right superior temporal gyrus (BA38),a region important for social emotion processing.