The calibration of the Radial Velocity Zero-Point (RVZP) of the Radial VelocitySpectrometer (RVS) will be performed with the help of Radial Velocity (RV) standard starsand asteroids. A full-sky list of RV standard stars candidates has been built for thispurpose within the Development Unit (DU) 640 of the Gaia DPAC Consortium. A ground-basedcampaign of RV observations has been initiated to eliminate unsuitable candidates.Simulations have also been performed in order to estimate in advance the number of RVstandard stars and asteroids crossing the RVS field of view. These standard stars andasteroids will also be very helpful for controlling any harmful effect (especially the CCDradiation damage) on calibration and RVZP during the lifetime of the Gaia project.Kinematic RV are expected to be published at the end of the project for the brighteststars, taking into account gravitational redshift and convective shifts for the linespresent in the RVS spectral wavelength range.

Practice guidelines are rapidly becoming preferred decision-makingresources in medicine, as advances in technology and pharmaceuticscontinue to expand. An evidence-based approach to the development ofpractice guidelines serves to anchor healthcare policy to scientificdocumentation, and in conjunction with practitioner opinion canprovide a powerful and practical clinical tool. Three sources ofinformation are essential to an evidence-based approach: a) anexhaustive literature synthesis; b) meta-analysis; and c) consensusopinion. The systematic merging of evidencefrom these sources offers healthcare providers a scientificallysupportable document that is flexible enough to deal with clinicallycomplex problems. Evidence-based practice guidelines, inconjunction with practice standards and practice advisories, areinvaluable resources for clinical decision making. The judicious useof these documents by practitioners will serve to improve theefficiency and safety of health care well.

Exercising its right to frame a new standard of criminal responsibility, the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia declared in Durham v. United States: “An accused is not criminally responsible if his unlawful act was the product of mental disease or defect.”

Let A be a closed subset of a topological space. We show that the following three conditions are equivalent.

1.1 Any countable neighbourhood-finite open covering of A (the topological terms referring to the relative topology of A) has a refinement which can be extended to be a countable neighbourhood-finite open covering of X.