In recent years a redating of relief-patterned tiles has been proposed, which argues against an established Flavian to Antonine chronology in favour of an earlier and much shorter Claudio-Neronian chronology. This paper tests the chronological underpinning of this important hypothesis by revisiting the dating for relief-patterned tiles in Roman London, which has produced by far the largest corpus of these tiles from any settlement in Roman Britain. The results provide considerable support for the traditional chronology, but do not necessarily rule out an earlier start date for this keying technique or the continued use of these tiles beyond the second century. The technique may have initially been used by certain tile makers supplying building projects that were largely outside London.

The construction of a free-standing stone wall was a significant occasion in Londinium's history, remarkable for the quantity of masonry used and for the continuing additions to the defences over at least three identifiable phases. Since the local geology in the London Basin does not offer suitable building stone, Londinium's walls offer an exceptional example by which to examine the logistics of construction and the transportation of materials in the context of Romano-British building projects. We examine the sources of the materials used, their transport and the scale of labour and investment involved in the construction of the Landward Wall using an energetics-based methodology. Finally, we provide new insights into Londinium's Landward Wall and the socio-economic and practical implications of its construction. Supplementary material is available online (https://doi.org/10.1017/S0068113X21000088) and comprises technical data related to the architectural energetics.