Throughout history, reference to the historical constitution of Hungary was used to achieve different and sometimes conflicting goals. Since 2012, it has become a constitutional concept after decades of abandonment. It appears in the Fundamental Law of Hungary (2012) and the jurisprudence of the Hungarian Constitutional Court (HCC) – linking it to the concept of constitutional identity. This chapter claims that the narrative of the Hungarian historical constitution as a constitutional concept is conducive to illiberalism. This is because political and constitutional actors have used it to oppose liberal values. Two arguments justify this claim. First, the contemporary claims on continuity and rights expansion cannot be verified when we contrast the contemporary narratives on the two most important constitutive components of the historical constitution, that is, continuity and rights expansion with legal measures introduced in the second part of the nineteenth and the first half of the twentieth centuries. Second, the relevant jurisprudence of the HCC suggests that the finality of introducing the historical constitution into the constitutional text and their subsequent linking to the concept of constitutional identity was to secure the traditional Westphalian understanding of ethnic-national sovereignty, mainly against the rule of law, that is, EU obligations and globalization.