Hostname: page-component-77c78cf97d-57qhb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-05-03T01:03:07.001Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Adaptation, Validation, Reliability and Factorial Equivalence of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale in Colombian and Spanish Population

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 October 2016

Mayra Gómez-Lugo ,
José P. Espada ,
Alexandra Morales ,
Laurent Marchal-Bertrand ,
Franklin Soler  and
Pablo Vallejo-Medina
Mayra Gómez-Lugo
Affiliation:
Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz (Colombia)
José P. Espada
Affiliation:
Universidad Miguel Hernandez (Spain)
Alexandra Morales
Affiliation:
Universidad Miguel Hernandez (Spain)
Laurent Marchal-Bertrand
Affiliation:
Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz (Colombia)
Franklin Soler
Affiliation:
Universidad del Rosario (Colombia)
Pablo Vallejo-Medina*
Affiliation:
Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz (Colombia)
*
*Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Pablo Vallejo-Medina. Phone: +57–31851649. E-mail: pablo.vallejom@konradlorenz.edu.co
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale is the most widely used instrument to assess self-esteem. In light of the absence of adaptations in Colombia, this study seeks to validate and adapt this scale in the Colombian population, and perform factorial equivalence with the Spanish version. A total of 1,139 seniors (633 Colombians and 506 Spaniards) were evaluated; the individuals answered the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and sexual self-esteem scale. The average score of the items was similar to the questionnaire’s theoretical average, and standard deviations were close to one. The psychometric properties of the items are generally adequate with alphas of .83 and .86 and significant (CI = .95) and correlations with the sexual self-esteem scale ranging from .31 and .41. Factorial equivalence was confirmed by means of a structural equation model (CFI = .912 and RMSEA = .079), thus showing a strong level of invariance.

Keywords

ColombiareliabilityRosenbergself-esteemvalidation

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
The Spanish Journal of Psychology , Volume 19 , 2016 , E66
Copyright
Copyright © Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos de Madrid 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

AERA, APA., & NCME. (2014). Standards for educational and psychological tests. Washington DC: American Educational Research Association.Google Scholar
Bachman, J. G., O’Malley, P. M., Freedman-Doan, P., Trzesniewski, K. H., & Donnellan, M. B. (2011). Adolescent self-esteem: Differences by race/ethnicity, gender, and age. Self and Identity, 10, 445–473. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15298861003794538 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brechan, I., & Kvalem, I. L. (2015). Relationship between body dissatisfaction and disordered eating: Mediating role of self-esteem and depression. Eating Behaviors, 17, 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2014.12.008 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Byrne, B. M., Oakland, T., Leong, F. T. L., van de Vijver, F. J. R., Hambleton, R. K., Cheung, F. M., & Bartram, D. (2009). A critical analysis of cross-cultural research and testing practices: Implications for improved education and training in psychology. Training and Education in Professional Psychology, 3, 94–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0014516 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carretero-Dios, H., & Pérez, C. (2005). Normas para el desarrollo y revisión de estudios instrumentales [Norms to development and to review instrumental studies]. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 5, 521–551.Google Scholar
Cheng, C. M., Govorun, O., & Chartrand, T. L. (2012). Effect of self-awareness on negative affect among individuals with discrepant low self-esteem. Self and Identity, 11, 304–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15298868.2011.567022 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cheung, G. W., & Rensvold, R. B. (2002). Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling, 9, 233–255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S15328007SEM0902_5 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
de Bernardo, D. H., & Curtis, A. (2013). Using online and paper surveys: The effectiveness of mixed-mode methodology for populations over 50. Research on Aging, 35, 220–240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0164027512441611 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dimitrov, D. M. (2010). Testing for factorial invariance in the context of construct validation. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 43, 121–149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748175610373459 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elosua, P., (2005). Evaluación progresiva de la invarianza factorial entre las versiones original y adaptada de una escala de autoconcepto [Progressive way in strict factorial invariance]. Psicothema, 17, 356–362.Google Scholar
Elosua, P., Mujika, J., Almeida, L. S., & Hermosilla, D. (2014). Procedimientos analítico-racionales en la adaptación de test. Adaptación al español de la batería de pruebas de razonamiento [Judgmental-analytical procedures for adapting tests: Adaptation to spanish of the reasoning tests battery]. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, 46, 117–126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Falk, C. F., Heine, S. J., Takemura, K., Zhang, C. X. J., & Hsu, C. W. (2015). Are implicit self-esteem measures valid for assessing individual and cultural differences? Journal of Personality, 83, 56–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12082 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fiz, M. R., & Oyón, M. J. (1998). Influencia de la autoestima y su repercusión en el rendimiento académico de los adolescentes [Influence of the self-esteem and its repercussion in the academic performance of teenagers]. Estudios de Pedagogía y Psicología, 10, 27–74.Google Scholar
González-Pienda, J., Núñez, J. C., González-Pumariega, S., & García, M. S. (1997). Autoconcepto, autoestima y aprendizaje escolar [Self-concept, self-esteem and school learning]. Psicothema, 9, 271–289.Google Scholar
Gray-Little, B., Williams, V. S. L., & Hancock, T. D. (1997). An item response theory analysis of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 23, 443–451. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167297235001 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harper, L. A., Coleman, J. A., Perrin, P. B., Olivera, S. L., Perdomo, J. L., Arango, J. A., & Arango-Lasprilla, J. C. (2014). Comparison of mental health between individuals with spinal cord injury and able-bodied controls in Neiva, Colombia. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 51, 127–136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2013.04.0086 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hyland, P., Boduszek, D., Dhingra, K., Shevlin, M., & Egan, A. (2014). A bifactor approach to modelling the Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale. Personality and Individual Differences, 66, 188–192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.03.034 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huang, C., & Dong, N., (2012). Factor structures of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: A meta-analysis of pattern matrices. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 28, 132–138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000101 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leung, S. O., & Wong, P. M. (2008). A study on reliability and validity of Chinese Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (in Chinese). New Horizons in Education, 56, 62–69.Google Scholar
Li, J. B., Delvecchio, E., Di Riso, D., Salcuni, S., & Mazzeschi, C. (2015). Self-esteem and its association with depression among Chinese, Italian, and Costa Rican adolescents: A cross-cultural study. Personality and Individual Differences, 82, 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.02.036 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Luciano, M. C., Gómez, I., & Valdivia, S. (2002). Consideraciones acerca del desarrollo de la personalidad desde un marco funcional contextual [Some considerations about personality development from a functional-contextual point of view]. International Journal of Psychology Therapy, 2, 173–197.Google Scholar
Lynn, M. R. (1986). Determination and quantification of content validity. Nursing Research, 35, 382–386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006199-198611000-00017 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McKay, M. T., Boduszek, D., & Harvey, S. A. (2014). The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: A bifactor answer to a two-factor question? Journal of Personality Assessment, 96, 654–660. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2014.923436 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Markus, H., & Wurf, E. (1987). The dynamic self-concept: A social psychological perspective. Annual Review of Psychology, 38, 299–337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ps.38.020187.001503 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marsh, H. M. (1996). Positive and negative global self-esteem: A substantial meaningful distinction or artifactors? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 810–819. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.70.4.810 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marshall, S. L., Parker, P. D., Ciarrochi, J., & Heaven, P. C. L. (2014). Is self-esteem cause or consequence of social support? A four year longitudinal study. Child Development, 85, 1275–1291.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marshall, S. L., Parker, P. D., Ciarrochi, J., Sahdra, B., Jackson, C. J., & Heaven, P. C. L. (2015). Self-compassion protects against the negative effects of low self-esteem: A longitudinal study in a large adolescent sample. Personality and Individual Differences, 74, 116–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.09.013 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martín-Albo, J., Núñez, J. L., Navarro, J. G., & Grijalvo, F. (2007). The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: Translation and validation in university students. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 10, 458–467. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1138741600006727 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Merino, C., & Livia, J. (2009). Intervalos de confianza asimétricos para el índice la validez de contenido: Un programa visual basic para la Aiken’s V [Some considerations about personality development from a functional-contextual point of view]. Anales de Psicología, 25, 169–171.Google Scholar
Milanés, Z. C., & Gómez-Bustamante, E. (2011). Prevalencia y factores asociados al consumo de sustancias ilegales en adultos de Cartagena, Colombia [Prevalence and associated factors of illegal substance use in Cartagena, Colombia]. Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría, 40, 723–733. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0034-7450(14)60160-8 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muñiz, J., Elosua, P., & Hambleton, R. K. (2013). Directrices para la traducción y adaptación de los tests: Segunda edición [International test commission guidelines for test translation and adaptation: Second edition]. Psicothema, 25, 151–157. http://dx.doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2013.24 Google Scholar
Muñoz, J. M., & Alonso, F. M. (2013). Life satisfaction: Its relationship with prejudice, national identity, self-esteem and material well-being in immigrants. Acta Colombiana de Psicología, 15, 99–108.Google Scholar
Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. J. (1995). Teoría psicométrica [Psychometric theory]. Madrid, Spain: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Pérez-Olmos, I., Téllez Cruz, D. L., Vélez Traslaviña, Á. L., & Ibáñez-Pinilla, M. (2012). Caracterización de factores asociados con comportamiento suicida en adolescentes estudiantes de octavo grado, en tres colegios bogotanos [Risk factors associated with the suicide attempt and the criteria on it happened in the adolescents]. Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría, 41, 26–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0034-7450(14)60067-6 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prezza, M., Trombaccia, F. R., & Armento, L. (1997). La scala dell´autostima di Rosenberg: Traduzione e validazione italiana [The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: Italian translation and Validation]. Bollettino di Psicologia Applicata, 223, 35–44.Google Scholar
Robins, R. W., Hendin, H. M., & Trzesniewski, K. H. (2001). Measuring global self-esteem: Construct validation of a single-item measure and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 151–161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167201272002 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosenberg, M. (1979). Conceiving the self. New York, NY: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Rosenberg, M., Schooler, C., Schoenbach, C., & Rosenberg, F. (1995). Global self-esteem and specific self-esteem: Different concepts, different outcomes. American Sociological Review, 60, 141–156. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2096350 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Silbereisen, R. K., & Wiesner, M. (2002). Lessons from research on the consequences of German unification: Continuity and discontinuity of self-efficacy and the timing of psychosocial transitions. Applied Psychology, 51, 291–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1464-0597.00093 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snell, W. E., & Papini, D. R. (1989). The sexuality scale: An instrument to measure sexual-esteem, sexual-depression, and sexual-preoccupation. Journal of Sex Research, 26, 256–263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00224498909551510 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Soler, F., Gómez-Lugo, M., Espada, J. P., Morales, S., Sierra, J. C., Marchal-Bertrand, L., & Vallejo-Medina, P. (2016). Translation, adaptation and validation of the brief sexuality scale in Colombian and Spanish populations. International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy, 16, 343–356.Google Scholar
Swenson, R. R., Houck, C. D., Barker, D., Zeanah, P. D., & Brown, L. K. (2012). Prospective analysis of the transition to sexual experience and changes in sexual self-esteem among adolescents attending therapeutic schools. Journal of Adolescence, 35, 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2011.06.002 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tomas, J. M., & Oliver, A. (1999). Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale: Two factors or method effects. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 84–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540120 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vallejo-Medina, P., Gómez-Lugo, M., Marchal-Bertrand, L., Saavedra-Roa, A., Morales, A., & Soler, F. (2016). Guidelines to translate and Adapt Scales in intra-language but inter-cultural contexts. (Manuscript submitted for publication).Google Scholar
van de Vijver, F. J. R., & Leung, K. (2000). Methodological issues in psychological research on culture. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 31, 33–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022100031001004 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, J., Siegal, H. A., Falck, R. S., & Carlson, R. G. (2001). Factorial structure of Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale among crack-cocaine drug users. Structural Equation Modeling, 8, 275–286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S15328007SEM0802_6 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wichstrom, L. (2000). Predictors of adolescent suicide attempts: A nationally representative longitudinal study of Norwegian adolescents. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 39, 603–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-200005000-00014 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wiedeman, M. W., & Allgeier, E. R. (1993). The measurement of sexual-esteem: Investigation of Snell and Papini’s (1989) Sexuality Scale. Journal of Research in Personality, 27, 88–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jrpe.1993.1006 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zeigler-Hill, V., Holden, C. J., Enjaian, B., Southard, A. C., Besser, A., Li, H., & Zhang, Q. (2015). Self-Esteem instability and personality: The connections between feelings of self-worth and the five dimensions of personality. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 41, 183–198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167214559719 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zeanah, P. D., & Schwarz, J. C. (1996). Reliability and validity of the sexual self-esteem inventory for women. Assessment, 3, 1–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar