8 - An empirical analysis of the effects of social policies on fertility, labour market participation and hourly wages of European women
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 22 September 2009
Summary
Introduction
In this chapter, we explore the impact of social policies on the joint decisions of women's labour market participation and fertility and on wages. We use the European Community Household Panel (ECHP), a longitudinal survey coordinated and supported by Eurostat. The survey involves a representative sample of households and individuals interviewed for eight years (1994–2001) in each of the fifteen European Union (EU) Member States existing at that time. The standardised methodology and procedure in data collection yield comparable information across countries, making the ECHP a unique source of information for cross-country analyses at the European level. The aim of the survey, in fact, is to provide comparable information on the EU population, representative at both the longitudinal and the crosswise level. The data collected cover a wide range of topics on living conditions (income, employment, poverty and social exclusion, housing, health, migration and other social indicators). Therefore, the ECHP survey allows us to make analyses of how individuals and households experience change in their socio-economic environment and how they respond to such changes, and analyses of how conditions, life events, behaviour and values are linked to each other dynamically over time.
This empirical chapter is organised as follows: section 8.2 contains an empirical analysis of the simultaneous women's choice of working and having children in which the results of different specifications are presented and compared. In section 8.3 an empirical analysis of women's wages determinants is presented. Section 8.4 concludes.
Information
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Social Policies, Labour Markets and MotherhoodA Comparative Analysis of European Countries, pp. 271 - 303Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2008
References
and 1982. ‘Job queues and the union status of workers’, Industrial and Labour Relations Review 43: 354–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1985. ‘Human capital, effort, and the sexual division of labour’, Journal of Labour Economics 106 (4), 979–1014.Google Scholar
Carré, F. 2003. ‘Nonstandard work arrangements in France and the United States: institutional contexts, labour market conditions, and patterns of use’, in and (eds.), Nonstandard Work in Developed Economies: Causes and Consequence: 131–74, Kalamazoo, MI: W. E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.Google Scholar
Cebrían, I., G. Moreno and L. Toharia 2001. ‘Trabaja a tiempo parcial y duración de la jornada en la Unión Europea: Características, salarios, pobreza’, in and (eds.), Análisis del Panel de Hogares de la Unión Europea, Madrid: Instituto Nacional de Estadística.Google Scholar
Cebrían, I., G. Moreno, M. Samek, R. Semenza and L. Toharia 2003. ‘Nonstandard work in Italy and Spain: the quest for flexibility at the margin in two supposedly rigid labour markets’, in and (eds.), Nonstandard Work in Developed Economies: Causes and Consequence: 89–130, Kalamazoo, MI: W. E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.Google Scholar
D'Addio, A. C. and M. Mira d'Ercole 2005. ‘Trends and determinants of fertility rates: the role of policies’, OECD Social Employment and Migration Working Papers 27, OECD Directorate for Employment, Labour and Social Affairs.
and 2002. ‘Temporary employment and segmentation in the Spanish labour market: an empirical analysis through the study of wage differentials’, Documento de Trabajo 2002–26, Madrid: FEDEA.Google Scholar
and 1993. Unemployment and Labour Market Flexibility: Italy, Geneva: International Labour Organization.Google Scholar
Del Boca, D. and S. Pasqua 2005. ‘Labour supply and fertility in Europe and the U.S.’, in , and (eds.), Women at Work: An Economic Perspective, Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
, and 2005. ‘Employment and fertility decisions in Italy, France and the U.K.’, Labour 19 (special issue), 51–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1999. Demographic Statistics. Luxembourg: Office for official Publications of the European Communities.Google Scholar
Eurostat 2002. ECHP UDB Description of variables, Data Dictionary, Codebook, and Differences between countries and waves, doc Pan 166/2002–12.
Garrone, G. and C. Villosio 2001. ‘Un'analisi longitudinale dei percorsi lavorativi e dei differenziali retributivi degli occupati part-time’, in and (eds.), Le Forme del Lavoro: 181–204, Milan: Franco Angeli.Google Scholar
1979. ‘Sample selection bias as a specification error’, Econometrica 47: 153–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
and 1988. ‘An empirical analysis of lifecycle fertility and female labor supply’, Econometrica 56 (1), 91–118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Isfol 1998. ‘Il lavoro in Italia: profili, percorsi, politiche’, Unpublished manuscript.
and 1980. ‘Life-cycle labor supply and fertility: casual inferences from household models’, Journal of Political Economy 88 (2), 328–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1986. ‘A general structure for models of double selection and an application to a joint migration/earnings process with remigration’, Research in Labour Economics 8 (part B), 235–82.Google Scholar
1995. ‘The price of motherhood: family status and women's pay in a young British cohort’, Oxford Economic Papers 47: 584–640.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wetzels, C. 2002. ‘Dutch women's productivity in the labour market: is there a double selection into motherhood and less demanding jobs?’, Working paper, presented at IZA Bonn workshop: The Future of Family and Work: Evaluation of Family Friendly Policies, 10–11 May.
Accessibility standard: Unknown
Why this information is here
This section outlines the accessibility features of this content - including support for screen readers, full keyboard navigation and high-contrast display options. This may not be relevant for you.Accessibility Information
Accessibility compliance for the PDF of this chapter is currently unknown
and may be updated in the future.
- 2
- Cited by