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II - Epidemiology of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome: Iatrogenic and Spontaneous

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 August 2009

Botros Rizk
Botros Rizk
Affiliation:
University of South Alabama
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Summary

Rizk and Smitz (1992), in an analytical study of the factors that influence the incidence of OHSS, found wide variation between different centers. This is partly because of different definitions for the grades of severity and partly because of the adoption of different criteria for prevention. The incidence of OHSS has been estimated at 20–33% for mild cases, moderate cases of OHSS are estimated at 3–6%, and severe cases at 0.1–2% (Rizk, 1993a, b; Serour et al., 1998, Mathur et al., 2000).

THE IMPACT OF IN VITRO FERTILIZATION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF OHSS

The development of in vitro fertilization (IVF) by Professor Robert Edwards and Dr. Patrick Steptoe was the gateway to modern human reproduction (Steptoe and Edwards, 1978). The impact of IVF on reproductive medicine has been phenomenal. It opened new horizons in every discipline from cell biology to genetics. Robert Edwards is a legend of the twentieth century, and it is always fascinating to see that he had already thought of and debated issues in the 1960s and 1970s that our profession and society are just discovering (Aboulghar et al. 1998a). In relation to ovarian stimulation, Louise Brown was conceived after natural-cycle IVF without gonadotrophins. The use of gonadotrophins became popular in the early 1980s. It is interesting to note that the incidence of OHSS following IVF in the 1980s (Table II.1) was higher than that following ovulation induction in the 1970s without the widespread use of estradiol monitoring or ultrasonography (Table II.2).

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Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome
Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Prevention and Management
 , pp. 10 - 42
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2006

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