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The low-temperature tolerance of Cinara cedri (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea: Lachninae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 May 2026

Runyao Wang ,
Weiguang Zhang ,
Shencheng Ma ,
Guohua Li ,
Jie Chen ,
Qiaoqiao Luan  and
Shuyan Yin Open the ORCID record for Shuyan Yin [Opens in a new window]
Runyao Wang
Affiliation:
College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
Weiguang Zhang
Affiliation:
College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
Shencheng Ma
Affiliation:
Taishan Scenery and Scenic Spot Area Management Committee, Tai’an, China
Guohua Li
Affiliation:
Taishan Forestry Science Institute, Tai’an, China
Jie Chen
Affiliation:
College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
Qiaoqiao Luan
Affiliation:
Taishan Scenery and Scenic Spot Area Management Committee, Tai’an, China
Shuyan Yin*
Affiliation:
College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China Shandong Research Center for Forestry Harmful Biological Control Engineering and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
*
Corresponding author: Shuyan Yin; Email: shuyany@sdau.edu.cn
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Abstract

Cinara cedri is an economically important pest infesting cedars. This study presents the first study of its cold tolerance, providing key parameters for assessing its climatic adaptability and potential invasion risks. The supercooling points (SCPs) of eggs, adults, and first-instar nymphs (hereafter nymphs) were determined, along with lethal low temperatures, and the effects of cold acclimation (ACC) and rapid cold hardening (RCH) on cold tolerance. Results showed that eggs exhibited the strongest supercooling capacity, with a mean SCP of −30.14°C, significantly lower than that of adults (−12.89°C) and nymphs (−14.21°C). Under constant laboratory conditions, active aphids suffered no significant mortality at −5°C, whereas exposure to −7°C and −10°C for 1 and 2 h resulted in substantially higher mortality in nymphs than in adults. The 1– and 2–h lethal temperatures for 50% mortality (LT50) were estimated as −10.28°C and −9.06°C for adults, and −8.00°C and −6.87°C for nymphs, respectively. Both ACC and RCH effectively enhanced cold tolerance; adults and nymphs exhibited markedly stronger cold hardiness in December relative to May, and exposure to 3°C for 2 h significantly reduced adult mortality. Collectively, these results establish an empirical foundation for forecasting population responses to short-term extreme low-temperature events and contribute to understanding the low-temperature biology of this aphid.

Keywords

Cinara cedricold acclimationlethal low temperaturerapid cold hardeningsupercooling capacity

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Type
Research Paper
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Bulletin of Entomological Research , First View , pp. 1 - 8
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2026. Published by Cambridge University Press.

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Footnotes

Runyao Wang and Weiguang Zhang contributed equally to this work.

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