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Thermally expanded vermiculite as a risk-free and general-purpose sorbent for hazardous chemical spillages

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 July 2019

Nguyen Duc Cuong ,
Vu Thi Hue  and
Yong Shin Kim Open the ORCID record for Yong Shin Kim [Opens in a new window]
Nguyen Duc Cuong
Affiliation:
Department of Bionano Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, Republic of Korea
Vu Thi Hue
Affiliation:
Graduate School of Applied Chemistry, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, Republic of Korea
Yong Shin Kim*
Affiliation:
Graduate School of Applied Chemistry, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, Republic of Korea Department of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, Republic of Korea
*
*E-mail: yongshin@hanyang.ac.kr
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Abstract

Expanded vermiculite with excellent thermal and chemical stability was investigated as a reliable sorbent for hazardous liquid spillages, including those leading to fire and explosion risks. Many expanded samples were prepared by rapid heating using both different temperatures and dissimilar vermiculite dimensions. Their capabilities for hazard clean-up were correlated with the structural characteristics of expanded vermiculite with slit-shaped porosity. When using optimized vermiculite, the moderate sorption capacities of 1.5–3.0 g g−1 were obtained for various hazardous chemicals, including hydrophilic/hydrophobic organic chemicals and strongly acidic/basic solutions. The sorption capacities depended more strongly on physical properties, such as the pore volume of the sorbent and the density of the absorbed liquid, rather than the vermiculite's chemical composition. The void space interconnected by interparticle/intraparticle pores worked as imbibing pathways due to their capillarity, resulting in the rapid, spontaneous sorption of hazardous chemicals. The hazardous chemicals may be removed from a testing vessel via sorption with an efficiency of >94 wt.% for 10 min. These results demonstrate that the expanded vermiculite may be a potential candidate as a reliable general-purpose sorbent for hazardous materials clean-up under harsh conditions.

Keywords

sorption mitigationexpanded vermiculitehazardous chemicalssorbent

Information

Type
Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 54 , Issue 3 , September 2019 , pp. 235 - 243
Copyright
Copyright © Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2019 

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Lawrence Warr

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