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Patterns of trematode infections of Opisthorchis viverrini (Opisthorchiidae) and Haplorchis taichui (Heterophyidae) in human populations from two villages in Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 April 2014

M. Sato ,
T. Pongvongsa ,
S. Sanguankiat ,
T. Yoonuan ,
J. Kobayashi ,
B. Boupha ,
F. Nishimoto ,
K. Moji ,
M.O. Sato  and
J. Waikagul
M. Sato*
Affiliation:
School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
T. Pongvongsa
Affiliation:
Station of Malariology, Parasitology, and Entomology of Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR
S. Sanguankiat
Affiliation:
Department of Helminthology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Thailand
T. Yoonuan
Affiliation:
Department of Helminthology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Thailand
J. Kobayashi
Affiliation:
Department of Global Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
B. Boupha
Affiliation:
Institute of Public Health, Lao PDR
F. Nishimoto
Affiliation:
Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Japan
K. Moji
Affiliation:
Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Japan
M.O. Sato
Affiliation:
School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil
J. Waikagul
Affiliation:
Department of Helminthology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Thailand
*
*Fax: 81-25-227-0936 E-mail: satomeg@clg.niigata-u.ac.jp
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Abstract

The liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini, and the minute intestinal fluke, Haplorchis taichui, are prevalent in many Asian countries. This study analysed the patterns of infections of O. viverrini and H. taichui in Lahanam and Thakhamlien villages (Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR), in two cross-sectional investigations. Out of a total of 207 human participants, post-anthelmintic treatment positivity rates for expelled worms were 170 (82.1%) for H. taichui and 65 (31.4%) for O. viverrini. Both these species co-exist in the study villages. When each parasite was analysed separately, H. taichui infections reached a plateau among people aged >20 years. Opisthorchis viverrini infection rates were highest in the age group 21–30 years, with decreasing infection rates after the age of 30. Our findings indicated that fish-borne trematode infections were more prevalent among adults. Fish, common intermediate hosts, were acquired in the study area for analysis. The examination of 35 species of fish as intermediate hosts found O. viverrini metacercariae in only six species, and these were found mostly during the month of November. Many farmers who live on the rice fields obtain their food from their immediate environment, including these intermediate-host fish, potentially putting them at greater risk of O. viverrini infection. By contrast, H. taichui metacercariae were found in three species of fish obtained from the market, meaning that anyone could consume them and become infected. If people who work in rice fields limit the species of fish they consume, or avoid consuming raw fish during the month of November, they may reduce their risk of O. viverrini infection.

Information

Type
Research Papers
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 89 , Issue 4 , July 2015 , pp. 439 - 445
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

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