Hostname: page-component-6766d58669-kn6lq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-05-24T08:23:06.403Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A Study of Variation of the 11-yr Solar Cycle before the onset of the Spoerer Minimum based on Annually measured 14C Content in tree Rings

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 November 2019

Toru Moriya ,
Hiroko Miyahara ,
Motonari Ohyama ,
Masataka Hakozaki ,
Mirei Takeyama ,
Hirohisa Sakurai  and
Fuyuki Tokanai
Toru Moriya*
Affiliation:
Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Yamagata University, Yamagata999-3101, Japan
Hiroko Miyahara
Affiliation:
Humanities and Sciences/Museum Carriers, Musashino Art University, Tokyo 187-8505, Japan
Motonari Ohyama
Affiliation:
Botanical Gardens, Tohoku University, Miyagi 980-0862, Japan
Masataka Hakozaki
Affiliation:
National Museum of Japanese History, Chiba 285-8502, Japan
Mirei Takeyama
Affiliation:
Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Yamagata University, Yamagata999-3101, Japan
Hirohisa Sakurai
Affiliation:
Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan
Fuyuki Tokanai
Affiliation:
Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Yamagata University, Yamagata999-3101, Japan Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan
*
*Corresponding author. Email: moriya@sci.kj.yamagata-u.ac.jp
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Proxy-based observations of solar activity in the past have revealed long-term variations, such as the Gleissberg cycle (~88 yr), de Vries cycle (~200 yr), and the Hallstatt cycle (~2000 yr). Such long-term variations of solar activity sometimes cause the disappearance of sunspots for several decades. Currently, solar activity is becoming weaker, and there is a possibility that another long-term sunspot minimum could occur. However, the detailed mechanism of the weakening in solar activity is unknown, and the prediction of solar activity is ambiguous. In this study, we investigate the transitions of solar cycle length before the onset of the Spoerer Minimum, the longest grand minimum in the past 2000 yr. We measured the 14C content in an asunaro tree (Thujopsis dolabrata) excavated at Shimokita Peninsula from 1368–1420 CE using the compact AMS system at Yamagata University. It is found that the solar cycle lengthened to be 14–16 yr from 2 cycles before the onset of the Spoerer Minimum.

Keywords

11-yr solar cycleSpoerer MinimumYU-AMS

Information

Type
Conference Paper
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 61 , Issue 6: Radiocarbon 2018 Conference Proceedings Trondheim, Norway, June 17–22, 2018 Part 2 of 2 , December 2019 , pp. 1749 - 1754
Copyright
© 2019 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

Footnotes

Selected Papers from the 23rd International Radiocarbon Conference, Trondheim, Norway, 17–22 June, 2018

References

REFERENCES

Clette, F, Lefevre, L. 2016. The new sunspot number: assembling all corrections. Solar Physics 291:2629–2651.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dikpati, M, Charbonneau, AP. 1999. A Babcock-Leighton flux transport dynamo with solar-like differential rotation. The Astrophysical Journal 518:508–520.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hakozaki, M, Nakamura, T, Kimura, K, Nakatsuka, T. 2014. Establishment of tree-ring oxygen isotope chronology using the northern Japanese trees. Nagoya Paper XXV:03 53–61.Google Scholar
Karak, BB. 2010. Importance of meridional circulation in flux transport dynamo: the possibility of a Maunder-like grand minimum. The Astrophysical Journal 724:1021–1029.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Karak, BB, Choudhuri, AR. 2011. The Waldmeier effect and the flux transport solar dynamo. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 410:1503–1512.Google Scholar
Karak, BB, Choudhuri, AR. 2013. Studies of grand minima in sunspot cycles from a flux transport solar dynamo model. Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 13:1339–1357.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mann, WB. 1983. An international reference material for radiocarbon dating. Radiocarbon 25:519–527.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miyahara, H, Masuda, K, Muraki, Y, Furuzawa, H, Menjo, H, Nakamura, T. 2004. Cyclicity of solar activity during the Maunder Minimum deduced from radiocarbon content. Solar Physics 224:317–322.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miyahara, H, Masuda, K, Muraki, Y, Kitagawa, H, Nakamura, T. 2006. Variation of solar cyclicity during the Spoerer Minimum. Journal of Geophysical Research 111:A03103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miyahara, H, Kitazawa, K, Nagaya, K, Yokoyama, Y, Matsuzaki, H, Masuda, K, Nakamura, T, Muraki, Y. 2010. Is the Sun heading for another Maunder Minimum? Precursors of the Grand Solar Minima. Journal of Cosmology 8:1970–1982.Google Scholar
Moriya, T, Takeyama, M, Sakurai, H, Umebayashi, T, Toyoguchi, T, Shiraishi, T, Miyahara, H, Ohyama, M, Nozawa, K, Ito, S, Itoh, S, Hirota, M, Tokanai, F. 2019. Status of the AMS system at Yamagata University. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 439:94–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ozaki, H, Imamura, M, Matsuzaki, H, Mitsutani, T. 2007. Radiocarbon in 9th to 5th century BC tree-ring samples from the Ouban 1 archaeological site, Hiroshima, Japan. Radiocarbon 49:473–479.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reimer, PJ, Bard, E, Bayliss, A, Beck, JW, Blackwell, PG, Bronk Ramsey, C, Buck, C, Cheng, H, Edwards, RL, Friedrich, M, Grootes, PM, Guilderson, TP, Haflidason, H, Hajdas, I, Hatté, C, Heaton, TJ, Hoffmann, DL, Hogg, AG, Hughen, KA, Kaiser, KF, Kromer, B, Manning, SW, Niu, M, Reimer, RW, Richards, DA, Scott, EM, Southon, JR, Staff, RA, Turney, CSM, van der Plicht, J. 2013. IntCal13 and Marine13 radiocarbon age calibration curves 0–50,000 years cal BP. Radiocarbon 55(4):1869–1887.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rozanski, K, Stichler, W, Gonfiantini, R, Scott, EM, Beukens, RP, Kromer, B, van der Plicht, J. 1992. The IAEA 14C intercomparison exercise 1990. Radiocarbon 34:506–519.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sakamoto, M, Imamura, M, van der Plicht, J, Mitsutani, T, Sahara, M. 2003. Radiocarbon calibration for Japanese wood samples. Radiocarbon 45:81–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sakurai, H, Kato, W, Takahashi, Y, Suzuki, K, Talahashi, Y, Gunji, S, Tokanai, F. 2006. 14C dating of ~2500-yr-old Choukai Jindai cedar tree rings from Japan using highly accurate LSC measurement. Radiocarbon 48:401–408.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Siegenthaler, U, Heimann, M, Oeschger, H. 1980. C-14 variations caused by changes in the global carbon-cycle. Radiocarbon 22:177–191.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Solanki, SK, Krivova, NA, Schüssler, M, Fligge, M. 2002. Search for a relationship between solar cycle amplitude and length. Astronomy and Astrophysics 396:1029–1035.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steinhilber, F, Abreu, JA, Beer, J, Brunner, I, Christl, M, Fischer, H, Heikkilä, U, Kubik, PW, Mann, M, McCracken, KG, et al. 2012. 9,400 years of cosmic radiation and solar activity from ice cores and tree rings. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 109:5967–5971.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tokanai, F, Kato, K, Anshita, M, Sakurai, H, Izumi, A, Toyoguchi, T, Kobayashi, T, Miyahara, H, Ohyama, M, Hoshino, Y. 2013. Present status of YU-AMS system. Radiocarbon 55:251–259.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Usoskin, IG, Solanki, SK, Kovaltsov, GA. 2007. Grand minima and maxima of solar activity: new observational constraints. Astronomy & Astrophysics 471:301–309.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watari, S. 2008. Forecasting Solar Cycle 24 using the relationship between cycle length and maximum sunspot number. Space Weather 6:S12003.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Moriya et al. supplementary material

Figure S1 and Table S1

Download Moriya et al. supplementary material(File)
File 352.7 KB