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Impact des facteurs individuels et environnementaux sur le tauxd’aberrations chromosomiques de type translocations Partie 1 : âge, sexe, tabac,alcool

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 June 2010

E. Grégoire ,
G. Gruel ,
C. Martin ,
S. Roch-Lefèvre ,
A. Vaurijoux ,
P. Voisin  and
L. Roy
E. Grégoire
Affiliation:
IRSN, Laboratoire de Dosimétrie Biologique, BP 17, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France.
G. Gruel
Affiliation:
IRSN, Laboratoire de Dosimétrie Biologique, BP 17, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France.
C. Martin
Affiliation:
IRSN, Laboratoire de Dosimétrie Biologique, BP 17, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France.
S. Roch-Lefèvre
Affiliation:
IRSN, Laboratoire de Dosimétrie Biologique, BP 17, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France.
A. Vaurijoux
Affiliation:
IRSN, Laboratoire de Dosimétrie Biologique, BP 17, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France.
P. Voisin
Affiliation:
IRSN, Laboratoire de Dosimétrie Biologique, BP 17, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France.
L. Roy
Affiliation:
IRSN, Laboratoire de Dosimétrie Biologique, BP 17, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France.
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Abstract

L’évaluation de l’exposition aux rayonnements ionisants, effectuée longtemps aprèsl’exposition, est actuellement réalisée en dénombrant les aberrations chromosomiques detype translocations. Le taux de ces translocations observées dans les lymphocytes despersonnes exposées est comparé au taux observé au sein d’une population contrôle.Toutefois, la spécificité des translocations vis-à-vis de l’irradiation n’est pasclairement identifiée. Afin d’éviter toute conclusion hâtive, il est nécessaired’identifier tous les facteurs susceptibles d’induire des translocations. À notreconnaissance, aucune synthèse sur l’effet de ces différents facteurs sur le taux detranslocations n’a été réalisée à ce jour. Cette recherche bibliographique a confirmél’impact de certains facteurs personnels sur l’augmentation des translocations. Cetteétude corrobore que l’âge s’avère être le facteur ayant le plus d’impact sur le taux detranslocations, notamment après 60 ans. À ce jour, le facteur « âge » est déjà considérédans l’estimation du taux de translocations après suspicion d’exposition aux rayonnementsionisants pour toutes les classes d’âge. L’étude montre également que ce taux variesignificativement lorsque le patient est exposé simultanément et de manière importante etchronique à une combinaison alcool et tabac. Ainsi, une courbe du taux de translocationsdevrait être établie en fonction de la consommation excessive de ce type d’agent pourchaque individu. Ainsi il serait alors possible de déterminer le taux de translocationsinduit uniquement par une exposition radiologique. Les effets des agents toxiques sur letaux de translocations après exposition professionnelle feront l’objet d’une deuxièmepartie.

Keywords

Chromosomal translocationlifestyle factorindividual agentretrospective dosimetryenvironmental factor

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Type
Article
Information
Radioprotection , Volume 45 , Issue 2 , April 2010 , pp. 153 - 169
Copyright
© EDP Sciences, 2010

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